Effects of communication content on speech behavior of depressives

Vanger, Philippos; Summerfield, Angela B.; Rosen, B.K.; Watson, Jana

doi:10.1016/0010-440x(92)90077-4

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In addition, Scherer (1979) has pointed out that variables like social anxiety and self-presentation need to be taken into account in studies on the function of speech pauses. The social interaction consequences of a depressed state have been described by a number of authors (Bouhuys & Albert.s, 1984;Breznitz & Sherman, 1987;Hooper, Vaughan, Hinchcliffe, & Roberts, 1978;Vanger et al, 1992). The speech changes predicted from the vantage point of this hypothesis would be similar to what is observed under sadness (slowing of speech rate including more and longer pauses) or anxiety (slight increase in speech rate, not necessarily accompanied by a decrease in pauses).…”

Section: Temporal Aspects Of Speech and Depressionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Because the temporal variables are net consistently defined, it is not clear to what extent speech rate is affected by pause time. The empirical studies that have focused on the number and duration of pauses in depressive speech have yielded somewhat inconsistent results, although there are a large number of studies that report pause lengthening in depressive state (Andreasen, Alpert, & Martz, 1981;Breznitz, 1992;Darby, Simmons, & Berger, 1984;Kuny & Stassen, 1993;Nilsonne, 1987;Hinchliffe et al, 1971;Pope et al, 1970;Stassen, Bomben, & Giinther, 1991;Vanger, Summerfield, Rosen, & Watson, 1992;Weintraub & Aronson, 1967). Some of the discrepancies in the findings in this area are due to widely varying criteria used in the definition of speech pauses (for example, time periods varying between two to five seconds have been used as criteria for the identification of silent pauses).…”

Section: Temporal Aspects Of Speech and Depressionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…It is necessary, therefore, to use a type of speech sample that is ecologically valid and that allows all of the competing hypotheses to be properly evaluated. Since speech behavior is clearly affected by the topic discussed (Vanger et al, 1992), it is important to assess the relative effect of topic changes versus patient mood changes.…”

Section: Aims Of the Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vocal indicators of mood change in depression

Ellgring¹,

Scherer

1996

J Nonverbal Behav

111

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ABSTRAC~In the framework of a major longitudinal study of depressive disorders, 11 female and 5 male depressives were audio-video-recorded while speaking with clinical interviewers. For selected utterances during depressed and recovered mood states several voice and speech parameters were obtained, using digital analysis techniques. As predicted, the results showed that an increase in speech rate and a decrease in pause duration are powerful indicators of mood improvement in the course of therapy (remission from depressive state). In female but not in male patients, a decrease in minimum fundamental frequency of the voice predicted mood improvement. These effects are discussed with respect to neurophysiological, cognitive, and emotional factors that have been suggested in the literature as possible causes for the patterns of motor expression observed in depressives. The data also point to the urgent need to systematically study gender differences in depressive speech behavior.One of the major issues in the treatment of psychopathological disorder is the behaviorally based evaluation of progress in therapy. This problem is particularly troublesome in charting changes of mood during therapy of patients with affective illness. In general, mood evaluation scales and psychiatric diagnoses are used for this purpose. Unfortunately, neither of these approaches is entirely satisfactory, given the multiple sources of error, particularly in relation to patients' ability and willingness to communicate about their actual state and the difficulties in clinical inference of mood state on the basis of interview impressions. As a consequence, there has been renewed interest in the possibility of using objective behavioral This study is based on psychiatric interviews that were conducted as part of the Longitudinal Study on Depression at the Max-Planck-lnstitute for Psychiatry, Munich. The authors acknowledge the contribution of Rudolf Bildhauer and Thomas Klos, who performed the vocal analyses (as part of their theses in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a degree in psychology) and who contribUted to an earlier draft of this paper. Torn Johnstone and Marcia Smith provided valuable comments on the present manuscript.Requests for reprints should be directed to: Prof.

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Section: Temporal Aspects Of Speech and Depressionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Temporal Aspects Of Speech and Depressionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Aims Of the Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Vocal indicators of mood change in depression

Ellgring¹,

Scherer

1996

J Nonverbal Behav

111

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“…This is particularly relevant to depression as depressed individuals show a specific failure to impair inhibitions relating to negative information (Goeleven et al, 2006). Work by Vanger et al (1992) shows that increasing the negative content, in a semi-structured interview paradigm, can induce changes in vocal behaviour of depressed individuals regardless of their level of depression. Therefore, it is possible that the Grandfather Passage, designed to test speech fluency, doesn't evoke any emotional or motivational reader effects.…”

Section: Corporamentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of acoustic space variability in speech affected by depression

Cummins

Sethu

Epps

et al. 2015

Speech Communication

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The spectral and energy properties of speech have consistently been observed to change with a speaker's level of clinical depression. This has resulted in spectral and energy based features being a key component in many speech-based classification and prediction systems. However there has been no in-depth investigation into understanding how acoustic models of spectral features are affected by depression. This paper investigates the hypothesis that the effects of depression in speech manifest as a reduction in the spread of phonetic events in acoustic space as modelled by Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM) in combination with Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC).Our investigation uses three measures of acoustic variability: Average Weighted Variance (AWV), Acoustic Movement (AM) and Acoustic Volume, which attempt to model depression specific acoustic variations (AWV and Acoustic Volume), or the trajectory of a speech in the acoustic space (AM).Within our analysis we present the Probabilistic Acoustic Volume (PAV) a novel method for robustly estimating Acoustic Volume using a Monte Carlo sampling of the feature distribution being * Corresponding Author modelled. We show that using an array of PAV points we gain insights into how the concentration of the feature vectors in the feature space changes with depression. Key results -found on two commonly used depression corpora -consistently indicate that as a speaker's level of depression increases there are statistically significantly reductions in both AWV (-0.44 ≤ r s ≤ -0.18 with p < .05) and AM (-0.26 ≤ r s ≤ -0.19 with p < .05) values, indicating a decrease in localised acoustic variance and smoothing in acoustic trajectory respectively. Further there are also statistically significant reductions (-0.32 ≤ r s ≤ -0.20 with p < .05) in Acoustic Volume measures and strong statistical evidence (-0.48 ≤ r s ≤ -0.23 with p < .05) that the MFCC feature space becomes more concentrated.Quantifying these effects is expected to be a key step towards building an objective classification or prediction system which is robust to many of the unwanted -in terms of depression analysissources of variability modulated into a speech signal.

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“…They reveal less facial expression, eye contact, gesture and nodding. They also tend to speak with a lower volume (Darby, Simmons, & Berger, 1984;Gotlib, 1982), more sentences (Vanger, Summerfield, Rosen, & Watson, 1992) and a monotone lower pitch, which is an indication of lack of expression of emotion (Darby et al, 1984;Kuny & Stassen, 1993;Nilsonne, 1988;Talavera, Saiz-Ruiz, & Garcia-Toro, 1994). They have longer latencies in speech production (Libet & Lewinsohn, 1973), more difficulty in the production of speech and a sad voice (Tolkmitt, Helfrich, Standke, & Scherer, 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Development of a New Multidimensional Depression Assessment Scale: Preliminary Results

Cheung

Power²

2012

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

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Depression is a major problem for mental health. Empirical studies and clinical observations have shown that the symptoms of depression occur across four main domains-emotional, cognitive, somatic and interpersonal. However, commonly used depression assessment scales fail to address the evaluation of interpersonal symptoms, as summarized in this paper. Therefore, a new depression assessment scale, which aimed to evaluate all four domains of depressive symptomatology, was developed. In an initial analysis, a pilot 85-item questionnaire containing possible depressive symptoms was distributed for evaluation to experts from different mental health professions, from which 52 items were subsequently selected for the new multidimensional depression assessment scale. One hundred community participants completed the questionnaire along with the Beck Depression Inventory-II. The results indicated that the new depression scale had good psychometric properties. It was found to be reliable and valid for the assessment of depression severity and symptomatology, though it is emphasized that these data are only preliminary and based on a relatively healthy sample.

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Effects of communication content on speech behavior of depressives

Cited by 20 publications

References 17 publications

Vocal indicators of mood change in depression

Vocal indicators of mood change in depression

Analysis of acoustic space variability in speech affected by depression

The Development of a New Multidimensional Depression Assessment Scale: Preliminary Results

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