Effects of colostrum, feeding method and oral IGF1 on porcine uterine development

Abstract

Nursing ensures lactocrine delivery of maternally derived, milk-borne bioactive factors to offspring, which affects postnatal development of female reproductive tract tissues. Disruption of lactocrine communication for two days from birth (postnatal day (PND) 0) by feeding milk replacer in lieu of nursing or consumption of colostrum alters porcine uterine gene expression globally by PND 2 and inhibits uterine gland genesis by PND 14. Here, objectives were to determine effects of: (1) nursing or milk replacer feeding from birth; (2) a single dose of colostrum or milk replacer and method of feeding and (3) a single feeding of colostrum or milk replacer, with or without oral supplementation of IGF1, administered at birth on aspects of porcine uterine development at 12-h postnatally. Results indicate nursing for 12 h from birth supports rapid establishment of a uterine developmental program, illustrated by patterns of endometrial cell proliferation, expression of genes associated with uterine wall development and entry into mitosis and establishment of a uterine MMP9/TIMP1 system. A single feeding of colostrum at birth increased endometrial cell proliferation at 12 h, regardless of method of feeding. Oral supplementation of IGF1 was sufficient to support endometrial cell proliferation at 12 h in replacer-fed gilts, and supplementation of colostrum with IGF1 further increased endometrial cell proliferation. Results indicate that lactocrine regulation of postnatal uterine development is initiated with the first ingestion of colostrum. Further, results suggest IGF1 may be lactocrine-active and support a 12-h bioassay, which can be used to identify uterotrophic lactocrine activity.

Differential microRNA Expression in Porcine Endometrium Involved in Remodeling and Angiogenesis That Contributes to Embryonic Implantation

“…In the human endometrium, it was found that IGF-1 participates in the maintenance of an angiogenic phenotype by inducing VEGF expression (Bermont et al, 2000). Furthermore, a recent study reported that IGF-1 is a critical determinant of neonatal porcine uterine development (George et al, 2018). Our results demonstrated that IGF-1 protein expression was directly inhibited by miR-206, which were highly expressed in LL and lowly expressed in ER.…”

Review: Maternal programming of development in the pig and the lactocrine hypothesis

“…In other studies, a single feeding of colostrum was effective in supporting cervical (Camp et al, 2014) and endometrial cell proliferation at 12 h postnatal (George et al, 2018). In addition, there was no effect of method of delivery of a single dose of colostrum, either by nursing, bottle feeding or orogastric gavage, on uterine developmental markers at 12 h postnatal (George et al, 2018). Collectively, these data indicate that both age at first nursing and duration of nursing are important in neonatal porcine female reproductive tract development, and that lactocrine effects can be detected in nursing piglets within 12 h of birth (Bagnell and Bartol, 2019).…”

“…Uterine MMP2 and MMP9 activities, detected by zymography, mirrored immunoblotting data. In other studies, a single feeding of colostrum was effective in supporting cervical (Camp et al, 2014) and endometrial cell proliferation at 12 h postnatal (George et al, 2018). In addition, there was no effect of method of delivery of a single dose of colostrum, either by nursing, bottle feeding or orogastric gavage, on uterine developmental markers at 12 h postnatal (George et al, 2018).…”

Effects of colostrum management on transfer of passive immunity and the potential role of colostral bioactive components on neonatal calf development and metabolism

“…Insulin-like growth factor-I and -II are additionally not believed to permeate the intestine (Blum and Baumrucker, 2002;Hammon et al, 2020), as recombinant human IGF-I was absorbed in negligible quantities from isolated jejunal loops in 1-d old feed-deprived calves (Vacher et al, 1995); however, there is some evidence to the contrary (Skaar et al, 1994;Sparks et al, 2003). Colostral IGF-I absorption by neonatal piglets is also controversial (Xu and Wang, 1996;Burrin, 1997;Donovan et al, 1997); yet, orally supplemented IGF-I in colostrum or milk replacer supported cervical and uterine development in neonatal gilts (Camp et al, 2018;George et al, 2018). This recent data demonstrates that colostral IGF-I can be absorbed by neonates whilst the intestine is hyperpermeable and suggests that its absorption by calves may need to be re-evaluated within the first hours of life, as opposed to 1 d of life (Vacher et al, 1995).…”