Effects of co-exposure to imidacloprid and gibberellic acid on redox status, kidney variables and histopathology in adult rats

Abstract

Data on the individual nephrotoxic effects of imidacloprid (IMI) and gibberellic acid (GA) are scarce. Moreover, there is a lack of information about their combined effects on the renal tissue. Our study investigated the effects of IMI and GA separately or together on rats kidney. IMI (64 mg/kg bw) was given for 3 weeks by gavage either individually or in combination with GA (200 mg/L) via drinking water. IMI associated or no with GA increased the levels of kidney malondialdehyde, advanced oxidation protein products, protein carbonyls and metallothionein, plasma creatinine, urea, blood urea nitrogen and lactate dehydrogenase activity. A decline of kidney uric acid level and antioxidant status was also observed. All these changes were supported by histopathological observations. Our results highlighted the role of IMI and/or GA-induced nephrotoxicity. Co-exposure to IMI and GA exhibited synergism in biochemical kidney variables and histopathology and antagonism in physical and morphological parameters.

Pumpkin seed oil alleviates oxidative stress and liver damage induced by sodium nitrate in adult rats: biochemical and histological approach

“…The antioxidant and other cell redox state modulating enzyme systems act as the first-line defense against ROS in all cellular and extra cellular compartments 46 . Oxidative damage is aggravated by the decrease in antioxidant enzymes activities as SOD, CAT, GPx and GST, which act as free radical scavengers in conditions associated with oxidative stress 47 .…”

“…It is postulated that the hepatoprotective effect of vitamin C is associated with its antioxidative property by decreasing lipid peroxidation either directly or indirectly through the regeneration of vitamin E 5 . Moreover, GSH, the most abundant thiol in the cell, is considered as the major cellular redox buffer 46 . The decrease of GSH level of liver tissue can be provoked by the toxic effect of NaNO 3 , by blocking its thiol function with direct conjugation of nitrate and/or its metabolite, or through the inhibition of glutamyl-cysteine-synthetase activity.…”

Impacts of n‐acetyl cysteine on gibberellic acid‐induced testicular dysfunction through regulation of inflammatory cytokines, steroid and antioxidant activity

“…All procedures and use of animals for this research have been authorised by the Ethical Committee of Turabah University College, Taif University TURSP2020‐09. Rats distributed into four groups (6 each) as follows: (1) Negative control (CNT), given saline only; (2) NAC group, given 150 mg kg −1 bw −1 daily, orally dissolved in saline for continuous three weeks (El‐Maddawy, 2018); (3) Positive GA3 administered group, received 55 mg kg −1 bw −1 daily (Lafi et al., 2018) orally for 3 weeks; (4) Protective group, received NAC and GA as in group 2 and 3 for three weeks.…”

Impacts of n‐acetyl cysteine on gibberellic acid‐induced hepatorenal dysfunction through modulation of pro‐inflammatory cytokines, antifibrotic and antioxidant activity

“…Rats were adapted for two weeks to overcome treatment stress. Rats were allocated into four groups (6 rats/group) as follows: control group, provided with saline only; NAC group, received NAC (150 mg/kg/bw) orally by stomach tube dissolved in saline for three weeks (Ahmed et al, 2008); Positive GA3 injected group, received GA3 (55 mg/kg/bw), (Lafi et al, 2018) orally for three weeks; Protective group received NAC (150 mg/kg/bw) and GA3 (55 mg/kg/bw) for 21 days. Rats received their treatments for consecutive 3 weeks and kept under standard experimental conditions as stated before (Atta et al, 2017).…”