Effects of clomiphene citrate on the endometrium of regularly cycling women

Sereepapong, Wisan; Suwajanakorn, Somchai; Triratanachat, Surang; Sampatanukul, Pichet; Pruksananonda, Kamthorn; Boonkasemsanti, W; Reinprayoon, Damrong

doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(99)00509-9

Cited by 74 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Their mean (± SD) age was 31.7±2.8 years (ranged [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. The mean (± SD) body mass index was 22.7±3.9 kg/m 2 (ranged 17.0-32.5).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…), who was blinded to the clinical data at the time of examination, using an image analysis system (Image-Pro Express® Version 4.0 for Windows, Media Cybernetics, L.P., MD, USA). There were four parameters which were shown to be specifically sensitive to tissue differentiation chosen for this analysis: number of endometrial glands per square millimeter, diameter of endometrial gland (in μm), height of glandular epithelium (in μm), and number of vacuolated cells per 1,000 glandular cells [26,27].…”

Section: Hormone Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of GnRH antagonist on the endometrium of normally menstruating women

Sirayapiwat

Suwajanakorn

Triratanachat

et al. 2007

J Assist Reprod Genet

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Purpose To study the effects of GnRH antagonist (ganirelixOrgalutran®) on the endometrium of regularly menstruating women. Materials and methods Prospective, self-controlled study. The thirty-five volunteers were studied for two cycles: one as a control and the other, GnRH antagonist-treated cycles in which ganirelix 0.25 mg/d was given daily for 3 days, starting when the largest follicle reached 15 mm. In both cycles, serum estradiol, LH and endometrial thickness were measured when the largest follicle was ≥18 mm. Endometrial biopsy was performed on day 6 after ovulation for histological dating and morphometric study. Results No statistical differences between histological dating and the endometrial thickness in the control and GnRH antagonist-treated cycles. All morphometric parameters were also not different. Serum estradiol and LH levels were significantly lower in GnRH antagonist-treated cycles.Conclusion GnRH antagonist has no effect on the endometrium of regularly menstruating women as assessed by either histological dating or morphometric analysis.

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“…Their mean (± SD) age was 31.7±2.8 years (ranged [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. The mean (± SD) body mass index was 22.7±3.9 kg/m 2 (ranged 17.0-32.5).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hormone Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of GnRH antagonist on the endometrium of normally menstruating women

Sirayapiwat

Suwajanakorn

Triratanachat

et al. 2007

J Assist Reprod Genet

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“…37 Sereepapong et al emphasized that endometrial thickness was similar in spontaneous and CC induced cycles. 9 But in their study CC was given at a low dosage. In fact, this may be an explanation for the differing results.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 97%

“…Our findings are in agreement with a human study in which Sereepapong et al reported that the number of glands per square millimeter and the mean diameter of the glands were lower in the CC treated cycles than in the control cycles. 9 The possible mechanism responsible here may be the apoptotic effects induced by CC in high dosages. Supporting the presence of an apoptotic effect of CC, Nutu et al have reported that chronic CC treatment induced apoptosis in a fraction of uterine stromal cells.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 98%

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The Histopathological Changes in Rat Ovary and Endometrium Following Long Term Clomiphene Treatment

Özdemır¹,

Erol²,

Cevrioğlu³

et al. 2015

Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci

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lomiphene citrate (CC) a nonsteroidal tissue selective estrogen receptor modulator was approved for clinical use in 1967. [1][2][3] CC is the first line treatment for women with ovulatory disorders who are Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci 2015;35(4) 209 The Histopathological Changes in Rat Ovary and Endometrium Following Long Term Clomiphene Treatment A AB BS ST TR RA AC CT T O Ob bj je ec ct ti iv ve e: : Clomiphene citrate (CC) a nonsteroidal tissue selective estrogen receptor modulator is used for inducing ovulation. In this study, we aimed to investigate the histopathological changes and dose related effects of long term CC treatment on rat ovary and endometrium. M Ma at te er ri ia al l a an nd d M Me et th ho od ds s: : Four groups of female rats were included in the study. In group 1 (control) only saline was administered whereas in groups 2, 3 and 4 CC was (once a week) administered for 18 weeks at the doses of 1 mg/kg, 4 mg/kg and 8 mg/kg, respectively. Uterus and both ovaries were excised for histopathological evaluation. R Re es su ul lt ts s: : Histopathological examination showed that papillary hyperplasia of the surface epithelium of the ovary was present in all CC treated groups, with the highest percentage and severity in group 4. The mean values of endometrial thickness and endometrial gland diameters in this group were lower than those in groups 1 and 2 (p<0.05). Diameters of ovaries and ovarian surface epithelium in group 4 were decreased with respect to control group (p<0.05). C Co on nc cl lu us si io on n: : High doses and repetitive treatment with CC may have detrimental effects in terms of endometrial thinning and developing precancerous lesions in the ovaries.K Ke ey y W Wo or rd ds s: : Clomiphene; pathology; endometrium; ovary; rats; time Ö ÖZ ZE ET T A Am ma aç ç: : Klomifen sitrat (CC) ovulasyon indüksiyonunda kullanılan, steroid yapıda olmayan, seçici özellikte östrojen reseptör modülatörüdür. Bu çalışmada, uzun süreli CC tedavisinin rat ovaryumu ve endometriyumundaki histopatolojik değişikliklerin uygulanan dozla ilişkisi araştırıldı. G Ge er re eç ç v ve e Y Yö ön nt te em ml le er r: : Çalışma her grupta yedi dişi rat bulunan dört grupta yapıldı. Grup 1'e (kontrol) fizyolojik tuzlu su verilirken grup 2, 3 ve 4'e klomifen sitrat sırasıyla 1 mg/kg, 4 mg/kg ve 8 mg/kg dozlarda 18 hafta boyunca haftada bir kez oral yolla uygulandı. Çalışmanın sonunda uterus ve her iki ovaryum histopatolojik değerlendirmeler için eksize edildi. B Bu ul lg gu ul la ar r: : Histopatolojik çal-ışmalar, klomifen sitrat uygulanan bütün grupların ovaryum yüzey epitellerinde papiller hiperplazi meydana geldiğini gösterdi; grup 4'te papiller hiperplazinin şiddeti ve yüzdesi daha yüksek belirlendi. Bu grupta endometrial bezlerin çapları ve endometrial kalınlıklarının ortalama değerlerinin grup 1 ve grup 2'den daha düşük olduğu bulundu (p<0,05). Grup 4'teki ovaryum yüzey epiteli ve ovaryum çapları da kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında azaldığı saptandı (p<0,05). S So on nu uç ç: : Yüksek dozda ve uzun süreli...

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Induction of Ovulation

Martinez

Lindheim

2013

Clinical Reproductive Medicine and Surgery

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Effects of clomiphene citrate on the endometrium of regularly cycling women

Cited by 74 publications

References 21 publications

The effects of GnRH antagonist on the endometrium of normally menstruating women

The effects of GnRH antagonist on the endometrium of normally menstruating women

The Histopathological Changes in Rat Ovary and Endometrium Following Long Term Clomiphene Treatment

Induction of Ovulation

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