Effects of Cisatracurium in Sevoflurane and Propofol Requirements in Dog-Undergoing-Mastectomy Surgery

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to test whether the addition of cisatracurium in combination with propofol and sevoflurane would result in a change in doses of used anesthetic drugs. Ten dogs (Group A) undergoing elective unilateral mastectomy surgery were included in the study. To induce and maintain anesthesia, subjects received propofol and sevoflurane at varying doses; analgesia was performed with remifentanil. After three months, the same subjects (Group B) underwent contralateral mastectomy and received the same anesthetic protocol with the addition of cisatracurium at a dosage of 0.2 mg/kg−1. The following parameters were monitored during anesthesia: heart rate, systolic blood pressure, end-tidal CO2, oxygen saturation, halogenate requirement, and rectal temperature at baseline (T0), induction (T1), 5 (T5), 10 (T10), 15 (T15), 20 (T20), 25 (T25), 30 (T30), and 35 (T35) time points. In Group A, halogenate requirement was reduced at all the time points other than T1 (p < 0.001); in Group B, the percentage of halogenate requirement was already reduced at T1 and remained constant during the experimental period, showing no significant intragroup differences. The dose requirements of sevoflurane and propofol varied significantly between the two groups, with significantly lower dosages in the Group B (the cisatracurium-treated group). Moreover, patients treated with cisatracurium showed a stable anesthetic plan. The nondepolarizing-muscle-relaxant cisatracurium besylate could be considered a useful adjunct to anesthetic protocols.

Thoracic transversus plane block as part of a multimodal analgesia plan in a cat undergoing sternotomy

“…Although the use of neuromuscular blockers could have facilitated surgical manipulation, 33 it was not administered in this case due to the short duration of the procedure.…”

Effect on physiological parameters and anaesthetic dose requirement of isoflurane when tramadol given as a continuous rate infusion vs a single intravenous bolus injection during ovariohysterectomy in dogs

“…Our results are consistent with those reported previously: both a single intravenous dose of tramadol and a CRI of tramadol have a significant effect on reducing isoflurane and sevoflurane requirement in experimental models [ 2 , 6 , 16 ]. Some factors influence isoflurane or sevoflurane requirement including species, age, surgical procedure, drug used, healthy status, changes in body temperature, severe hypotension, and acidemia [ 7 , 17 ]. We enrolled in the present study only young and healthy dogs to minimize individual variability as a source of error.…”

Opioid‐free anaesthesia for surgical attenuation of a congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt in a dog

“…Most opioids are also highly protein bound, potentially leading to an increased risk of side effects in dogs with portosystemic shunts 9 due to delayed clearance and drug accumulation. An exception to the metabolic pathways that characterise most opioids is remifentanil, which undergoes extrahepatic metabolism by non‐specific blood and tissue esterases 10,11 and is excreted by the kidneys, rendering it a viable option in these cases 12 . Certain drugs with a termination of action highly dependent on hepatic metabolism, such as ketamine, acepromazine, benzodiazepines, were also not employed 9,13 …”