Effects of Chitosan-oligosaccharide on diarrhoea in Hanwoo calves

Alam, Mahabub; Kim, W.I.; Kim, J.W.; Na, C.S.; Kim, N.S.

doi:10.17221/6306-vetmed

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…The lower TP concentration might be also associated with the decrease in other proteins (e.g., globulins). A lower α-globulin accompanied by high albumin concentrations in calves transported for 18 h might be related to water loss (Alam et al, 2012), suggesting that these calves might have experienced dehydration at this time point. A great increase in sodium concentrations was particularly visible from 4 h (141.3 mmol/L) to 48 h (162.5 mmol/L) posttransport.…”

Section: Effects Of Experimental Treatments On Variables Until Wk 5 Posttransportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of pretransport diet, transport duration, and type of vehicle on physiological status of young veal calves

Marcato

Brand

Kemp

et al. 2020

Journal of Dairy Science

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This study aimed to investigate effects of pretransport diet (rearing milk vs. electrolytes), type of vehicle (open vs. conditioned truck), and transport duration (6 vs. 18 h) on physiological status of young calves upon arrival at the veal farm. A total of 368 calves were transported in 2 consecutive batches from a collection center to a veal farm. Blood samples were collected from calves before transport; immediately posttransport (T0); and 4, 24, and 48 h, and 1, 3, and 5 wk posttransport. Blood was analyzed for glucose, urea, lactate, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), creatine kinase, albumin, total protein, osmolality, calcium, sodium, magnesium, and hematological variables. Body weight, rectal temperature, and skin elasticity were determined before and immediately posttransport. Blood glucose, NEFA, and urea concentrations at T0 showed an interaction between pretransport diet and transport duration. Milk-fed and electrolytefed calves transported for 18 h did not significantly differ in plasma glucose concentration or serum NEFA concentrations. However, after 6 h of transport, milkfed calves had higher plasma glucose and lower serum NEFA concentrations (4.71 mmol/L and 586.5 µmol/L, respectively) than electrolyte-fed calves (3.56 mmol/L and 916 µmol/L, respectively). After 18 h of transport, milk-fed calves had lower urea concentrations (5.40 mmol/L) than electrolyte-fed calves (7.38 mmol/L). In addition, at T0, after 6 h of transport, milk-fed calves gained weight (Δ = 0.41 kg), whereas electrolyte-fed calves lost weight (Δ = −0.16 kg). After 18 h of transport, both milk-fed and electrolyte-fed calves showed body weight losses (Δ = −0.67 and −0.74 kg, respectively). Type of vehicle had a limited influence on blood parameters. Concentrations of NEFA and BHB reached the maximum values at T0 and then decreased until wk 5 posttransport. The increase in NEFA and BHB concentrations between prior to and just posttransport (T0) was less pronounced in calves transported for 6 h (746.1 µmol/L and 0.38 mmol/L, respectively) than in calves transported for 18 h (850.6 µmol/L and 0.50 mmol/L). Overall, the recovery rate of calves at the veal farm seemed rapid; all blood parameters returned to (below) pretransport values within 48 h posttransport. We concluded that feeding milk before short-term transport helps young veal calves cope with transport, whereas this is not the case during long-term transport.

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Section: Effects Of Experimental Treatments On Variables Until Wk 5 Posttransportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of pretransport diet, transport duration, and type of vehicle on physiological status of young veal calves

Marcato

Brand

Kemp

et al. 2020

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…In a previous study, KIM et al (2001) reported that administration of 500, 1000, and 2000 (mg/kg/day) doses of COS did not affect the hematological parameters (WBC, RBC, HGB, HCT, MCV, PLT, MPV, Lym, Mid and Gran) in rats. Similarly, COS (50 mL/day, during 5 days) treatment did not lead to significant differences in the values of PLT, MCV, MCH and MCHC in Hanwoo calves (ALAM et al, 2012). These different results may have been obtained due to the different doses or animal species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

The influence of chitosan oligosaccharide on some hematological parameters in rats exposed to cadmium

Kısadere¹,

Aydın²,

Dönmez³

2022

Vet. arhiv

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The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) on some hematological parameters, and define the percentage of alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) positive lymphocytes in rats that had been exposed to cadmium (Cd). Thirty-two (n = 32) male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into four groups as the control (C), chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), cadmium (Cd), and Cd + COS (CdCOS) groups. Blood samples were collected to assess erythrocytes (RBC), leukocytes (WBC), hemoglobin levels (HGB), hematocrit values (HCT), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), platelets (PLT), and alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) positive lymphocytes. The number of WBCs significantly increased in the Cd group compared to the C, CdCOS, and COS groups (P<0.05). Although the lymphocyte count decreased significantly in the Cd group (P<0.05), it was ameliorated by COS treatment in the CdCOS group compared to the Cd group (P<0.05). Also, the percentage of peripheral blood ANAE positive lymphocytes decreased significantly in the CdCOS and Cd groups (P<0.05). COS exhibits a partially protective effect on some hematological characteristics, apart from the percentage of ANAE positive lymphocyte in cases of chronic Cd exposure.

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“…In the same study, it has been reported that both excreted oocysts and developmental stage parasites were reduced and chitosan had anti-inflammatory activity (Abdel-Latif et al, 2016). In a study, oral chitosan oligosaccharide administering in the treatment of diarrheal calves has been reported to be very successful (Alam et al, 2012). In addition, chitosan has been used to create excipients in a microparticle system and it has been reported that it might play a role as a physical barrier against Cryptosporidium parvum (Blanco-García et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chitosan and chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) have important uses in the medical field, such as controlled drug release, artificial blood vessels, antidiabetic, antibacterial, antifungal and hemostatic effect (Baldrick, 2010;Xia et al, 2011;Muanprasat and Chatsudthipong, 2017). In a study on the treatment of calves with diarrhea, oral chitosan oligosaccharide administration has been reported to be successful in treatment (Alam et al, 2012). In studies conducted, chitosan has been reported to inhibit the in vitro development of C. parvum (Luzardo Álvarez et al, 2012;Adjou et al, 2014;Mammeri et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The determination of treatment effect of chitosan oligosaccharide in lambs with experimentally cryptosporidiosis

Aydoğdu

Coşkun

Ataş

et al. 2019

Small Ruminant Research

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In this study, it was aimed to investigate the efficacy of chitosan oligosaccharide administrations in different doses of experimental infected lambs with Cryptosporidium parvum. 32 male lambs were used in the study and the lambs were divided into 4 groups with 8 lambs in each group. Groups 1, 2 and 3, twice a day, were administered chitosan oligosaccharide at a dose of 100, 500, and 1000 mg/kg for 7 days, respectively, with milk replacer. In group 4, lambs with cryptosporidiosis were subjected to normal feeding as control without drug administration. Clinical examinations of lambs were made before treatment (day 0) and on days 1, 3, 5 and 7 after treatment and 5 ml of blood was collected from vena jugularis for blood analysis of all lambs. Weight changes of lambs were recorded at 0, 7, 14, and 21 days. Stool specimens were collected pre-treatment (day 0) and on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 and 21 post-treatment to determine oocyst excretion of lambs with cryptosporidiosis. Lambs with a mean oocyte counts > 10 after stool examination were included to the treatment. Changes in clinical hematology, blood gases and biochemical parameters were observed during the course of treatment, but these changes were limited. Weight loss was observed at 7th day according to 0th day the lambs with experimental cryptosporidiosis but gradually weight increase was observed at 14th and 21st days and these changes were similar in all groups. Oocyst excretion decreased in all groups during treatment. According to 0th day, there was a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in oocyte excretions in the third day in group 1 and 2, and in day 5 in the group 3 and 4. Significant changes (p < 0.05) were observed in oocyst excretions on the third and fifth days among the groups. As a result, in lambs with experimental cryptosporidiosis, chitosan oligosaccharide improved in clinical signs and stool character shorter than the positive control group and the administration of chitosan oligosaccharide at doses of 100, 500 and 1000 mg/kg for 7 days significantly reduced oocyst excretion but not enough to remove cryptosporidiosis completely.

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Effects of Chitosan-oligosaccharide on diarrhoea in Hanwoo calves

Cited by 13 publications

References 19 publications

Effects of pretransport diet, transport duration, and type of vehicle on physiological status of young veal calves

Effects of pretransport diet, transport duration, and type of vehicle on physiological status of young veal calves

The influence of chitosan oligosaccharide on some hematological parameters in rats exposed to cadmium

The determination of treatment effect of chitosan oligosaccharide in lambs with experimentally cryptosporidiosis

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