Effects of chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) on the glycerol-induced acute renal failure in vitro and in vivo

Chitosan oligosaccharides inhibit TNF-α-induced VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells by blocking p38 and ERK1/2 signaling pathways

“…So far, COS have been widely used as healthy foods in several countries for their versatile bioactivities. It was reported that COS possessed protective effects on glycerol-induced acute renal failure in rats and carbon tetrachloride-induced liver toxicity in mice (Yan, Wanshun, Baoqin, Bing, & Chenwei, 2006;Yoon et al, 2008). COS were also shown to act as antioxidants that effectively scavenge free radicals in either cellular oxidizing systems or cell-free assay systems (Je, Park, & Kim, 2004;Mendis, Kim, Rajapakse, & Kim, 2007).…”

Effects of low molecular weight chitosans on aristolochic acid-induced renal lesions in mice

“…A calcium carbonate and chitosan supplement decreased plasma and inorganic urea phosphate in aged cats with moderate chronic renal failure (Wagner, Schwendenwein, & Zentek, 2004), and chitooligosaccharides aided in recovery from glycerol-induced acute renal failure (Yoon et al, 2008). In the treatment of renal failure, LMWC served as a phosphate-binding agent or renal targeting carrier (Yuan et al, 2007;Savica, Santoro, Monardo, Mallamace, & Bellinghieri, 2009).…”

Antioxidant properties of high molecular weight dietary chitosan in vitro and in vivo

“…Santhosh, Sini, Anandan, and Mathew (2006) reported that the administration of chitosan to rats that had been treated with isoniazid or rifampicin prevented the oxidation of hepatotoxic lipids. Similarly, chitosan, when injected, inhibited glycerol-induced renal oxidative damage in rats (Yoon et al, 2008). Owing to its many antioxidant studies in vitro and in vivo, chitosan has attracted considerable attention from researchers; however, relationships between molecular weight (MW) and antioxidant activity have not been extensively investigated.…”