Effects of cellulase and xylanase enzymes on the deconstruction of solids from pretreatment of poplar by leading technologies

Kumar, Rajeev; Wyman, Charles E.

doi:10.1002/btpr.102

Cited by 271 publications

(154 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…This method is efficient if agricultural waste being used rather than the wood materials [12]. The critical parameters for alkaline pretreatment are reaction temperature, pretreatment time and alkali loading [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium Hydroxide Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Oil Palm Mesocarp Fiber

Iberahim¹,

Jahim²,

Harun³

et al. 2013

IJCEA

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Abstract-Sodium hydroxide pretreatment of oil palm mesocarp fiber (OPMF) was carried out with NaOH from 2% to 10% (w/v) at temperature 50 0 C and 70 0 C. The performances of pretreatments were evaluated based on total carbohydrate and reducing sugar including glucose, xylose and arabinose after enzymatic hydrolysis on the pretreated biomass. It was found that the enzymatic hydrolysis had significantly improved when 6% NaOH in 70 0 C applied in the pretreatment process. The highest total reducing sugars produced by means of commercial enzymes was achieved with the overall conversions of glucan and xylan of 87% and 60.73% respectively. The compositions of OPMF in this study are as follows (% g/g dry biomass): glucan, 28.8, xylan, 25.3, arabinan, 1.91, ethanol extractive, 6.32 and ash, 2.60.Index Terms-Enzymatic hydrolysis, glucose, NaOH pretreatment, oil palm mesocarp fiber.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium Hydroxide Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Oil Palm Mesocarp Fiber

Iberahim¹,

Jahim²,

Harun³

et al. 2013

IJCEA

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“…It is carried out to reduce cellulose crystallinity [17] and improves the efficiency of the subsequent steps. The power input for this step depends on the initial and final particle sizes, moisture content and the nature of the raw material (hardwood, softwood, fibrous, etc.)…”

Section: Mechanical Size Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Low temperature and pressure are used in this method [16]. Maximum release of 60% and 80% for lignin and hemicellulose respectively was found to be obtained by treating wheat straw with 1.5% NaOH for 144 h at 20 0 C (Sun et al) [17]. NaOH has been reported to increase hardwood digestibility from 14% to 55% by reducing lignin content from 24-55% to 20%.…”

Section: Alkaline Pretreatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioethanol Production from Lignocellulosic Waste-A Review

Mohanty¹,

Abdullahi²

2016

Biosci., Biotech. Res. Asia

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Petroleum and other fossil fuel has been the main energy source for a long period of time in human life. Through these energy sources, the world has been a developing and industrializing entity. However, it is agreed that these traditional sources of energy cannot remain forever as they are non-renewable. Many experts predicted that oil production will keep on decreasing, as the present oil wells keep on decreasing and fewer oil reserves are discovered. This led to increasing price of the minerals and eventually makes them economically unsustainable. As such, renewable source of energy has to be sourced. Bioethanol; a renewable energy source is being produced from food materials such as sugar cane, maize etc. However, if these are to be used for energy production, the world will be entering into another crisis as they will be competed for food and energy. Lignocellulosic wastes such as Rice straw, Wheat straw, Corn straw and Bagasse contain same sugar molecules for bioethanol production as such can be used to generate renewable energy using appropriate physical, chemical and biological techniques. This paper aims at exploring the process of bioethanol production from lignocellulosic wastes.

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“…Lignin removal increases enzyme effectiveness by reducing non-productive adsorption sites for enzymes and by increasing cellulose accessibility. This method is more effective on agricultural residues than on wood materials [15]. (2) Acid Pretreatment The main objective is to solubilise the hemicellulose fraction of the biomass and to make the cellulose more accessible to enzymes.…”

Section: A Physical Pretreatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Substrates for Enhanced Delignification and Enzymatic Digestibility

2011

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Sheer enormity of lignocellulosics makes them potential feedstock for biofuel production but, their conversion into fermentable sugars is a major hurdle. They have to be pretreated physically, chemically, or biologically to be used by fermenting organisms for production of ethanol. Each lignocellulosic substrate is a complex mix of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, bound in a matrix. While cellulose and hemicellulose yield fermentable sugars, lignin is the most recalcitrant polymer, consisting of phenyl-propanoid units. Many microorganisms in nature are able to attack and degrade lignin, thus making access to cellulose easy. Such organisms are abundantly found in forest leaf litter/composts and especially include the wood rotting fungi, actinomycetes and bacteria. These microorganisms possess enzyme systems to attack, depolymerize and degrade the polymers in lignocellulosic substrates. Current pretreatment research is targeted towards developing processes which are mild, economical and environment friendly facilitating subsequent saccharification of cellulose and its fermentation to ethanol. Besides being the critical step, pretreatment is also cost intensive. Biological treatments with white rot fungi and Streptomyces have been studied for delignification of pulp, increasing digestibility of lignocellulosics for animal feed and for bioremediation of paper mill effluents. Such lignocellulolytic organisms can prove extremely useful in production of bioethanol when used for removal of lignin from lignocellulosic substrate and also for cellulase production. Our studies on treatment of hardwood and softwood residues with Streptomyces griseus isolated from leaf litter showed that it enhanced the mild alkaline solubilisation of lignins and also produced high levels of the cellulase complex when growing on wood substrates. Lignin loss (Klason lignin) observed was 10.5 and 23.5% in case of soft wood and hard wood, respectively. Thus, biological pretreatment process for lignocellulosic substrate using lignolytic organisms such as actinomycetes and white rot fungi can be developed for facilitating efficient enzymatic digestibility of cellulose.

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Effects of cellulase and xylanase enzymes on the deconstruction of solids from pretreatment of poplar by leading technologies

Cited by 271 publications

References 67 publications

Sodium Hydroxide Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Oil Palm Mesocarp Fiber

Sodium Hydroxide Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Oil Palm Mesocarp Fiber

Bioethanol Production from Lignocellulosic Waste-A Review

Biological Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Substrates for Enhanced Delignification and Enzymatic Digestibility

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