Effects of Cd-substitution Site on PbO Evaporation in Pb(Ni_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃–PbZrO₃–PbTiO₃ Ceramics

Abstract

We have analysed the optical double resonance signal to second order in the modulation of the amplitudes of the two lasers at high intensities. Resonant modulation in the populations of the upper level of the transitions are induced at the effective Rabi frequency a n , whenever the modulation frequencies themselves or a combination of them becomes equal to 0, *a,, *Zen. It is proposed that by performing experiments similar to those done by Miyazaki et al such Rabi resonances in the populations of the levels may be detected by optogalvanic technique-i.e., by monitoring the oscillations in the current or the voltage at the sum or the difference of the modulation frequencies of the two lasers.

Effects of Cd‐Substitution Site on the Electrical Conductivities in Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3‐PbZrO3‐PbTiO3 Ceramics

“…In addition, many properties, including electrical resistivity, are dependent on the Cd 2+ substitution site. [4][5][6] Generally, perovskite compounds that contain PbO are known to be p-type materials, because of PbO evaporation. 7,8 Therefore, resistivity is expected to exhibit the reciprocal proportionality to PbO evaporation.…”