Effects of cafeteria diet and high fat diet intake on anxiety, learning and memory in adult male rats

Pini, Renata Tavares Beschizza; Vales, Lucas Duarte Manhas Ferreira do; Costa, Telma Maria Braga; Almeida, Sebastião de Sousa

doi:10.1080/1028415x.2016.1149294

Cited by 27 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This factor should be considered with the context of both the induction of food intake caused by variety (and novelty) of foods and tastes ( Moore et al, 2013 ), which in part exploits the “explorative” drive shared by rats and humans. In addition, the intake of pleasing food (such as sweets), lowers the levels of anxiety ( Faturi et al, 2010 ), and is used (by humans and experimental animals alike) as “comfort food” ( Ortolani et al, 2011 ) to escape of conflict situations, or simply for pleasure ( Pini et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cafeteria diets have been widely used to fatten rats, but a number of Authors tend to consider that the variability attributed to self-selection by taste may be a serious handicap of this model ( Moore, 1987 ). Cafeteria diets are very effective creating a model of metabolic syndrome ( Gomez-Smith et al, 2016 ), which can cause oxidative damage in adipose tissues ( Johnson et al, 2016 ), although it also lowers the anxiety of rats ( Pini et al, 2016 ) attenuating their response to stress ( Zeeni et al, 2015 ) because of the “comfort food effect” ( Ortolani et al, 2011 ). On the other hand, the analysis of what food items were selected by the rats is laborious, but the results obtained are precise, and may allow us to measure the change with exposure time during different phases of development ( Prats et al, 1989 ; Lladó et al, 1995 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In rats fed high-energy diets, taste, rather than fat content, is the key factor increasing food intake: a comparison of a cafeteria and a lipid-supplemented standard diet

Oliva

Aranda

Caviola

et al. 2017

PeerJ

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BackgroundFood selection and ingestion both in humans and rodents, often is a critical factor in determining excess energy intake and its related disorders.MethodsTwo different concepts of high-fat diets were tested for their obesogenic effects in rats; in both cases, lipids constituted about 40% of their energy intake. The main difference with controls fed standard lab chow, was, precisely, the lipid content. Cafeteria diets (K) were self-selected diets devised to be desirable to the rats, mainly because of its diverse mix of tastes, particularly salty and sweet. This diet was compared with another, more classical high-fat (HF) diet, devised not to be as tasty as K, and prepared by supplementing standard chow pellets with fat. We also analysed the influence of sex on the effects of the diets.ResultsK rats grew faster because of a high lipid, sugar and protein intake, especially the males, while females showed lower weight but higher proportion of body lipid. In contrast, the weight of HF groups were not different from controls. Individual nutrient’s intake were analysed, and we found that K rats ingested large amounts of both disaccharides and salt, with scant differences of other nutrients’ proportion between the three groups. The results suggest that the key differential factor of the diet eliciting excess energy intake was the massive presence of sweet and salty tasting food.ConclusionsThe significant presence of sugar and salt appears as a powerful inducer of excess food intake, more effective than a simple (albeit large) increase in the diet’s lipid content. These effects appeared already after a relatively short treatment. The differential effects of sex agree with their different hedonic and obesogenic response to diet.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In rats fed high-energy diets, taste, rather than fat content, is the key factor increasing food intake: a comparison of a cafeteria and a lipid-supplemented standard diet

Oliva

Aranda

Caviola

et al. 2017

PeerJ

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“…Some studies have already shown that palatable diets can promote anxiolytic states, as well as attenuate anxiogenic conditions originating from stressors in the prenatal and postnatal stages in rodents 36,37 . In a study by Pini et al 38 , male Wistar rats who were treated with a cafeteria diet from weaning until adulthood showed lower anxiety levels than the control diet group.…”

Section: Weaning To Adulthood (D21-d70)mentioning

confidence: 96%

Cafeteria diet in breastfeeding dams promotes anxiolytic effects, accumulation of adipose tissue, and impacts offspring development

Rocha-Gomes

et al. 2019

Rev. chil. nutr.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional and behavioral effects of a cafeteria diet in dams during the breastfeeding period and in their offspring from weaning until early adulthood (70 days old). Pregnant Wistar rats were fed a chow diet until delivery. Postnatally (D0), litters were culled to 8 pups and lactating dams received control (CTRL n= 6) or cafeteria (CAF n= 6) diets and water ad libitum. At the end of the breastfeeding period, male offspring were placed in individual boxes receiving the same treatment from their respective dams (CTRL or CAF) until adulthood (70 days). All nutritional and behavioral evaluations were performed with the dams (n= 12) during the breastfeeding phase and with the male offspring (n= 24) after weaning to adulthood. CAF dams demonstrated a lower caloric and protein intake; higher intake of fats; loss of weight; greater accumulation of adipose tissue; and an anxiolytic effect. CAF male offspring showed lower caloric intake; higher intake of fats; and accumulation of adipose tissue. In addition, these animals continued to have decreased body weight, body length and tibia-femur length in relation to CTRL. In dams, a cafeteria diet promoted alterations in body composition and anxiety, and in offspring the diet resulted in adequate development.

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“…A majority of, but not all (Nguyen et al., 2017; Pini et al., 2017), rodents studies suggests that CD feeding interferes with hippocampus mediated spatial learning (Beilharz et al., 2014; Ferreira et al., 2018; Kendig et al., 2019; Kosari et al., 2012; Tran & Westbrook, 2015) but functioning of other brain structures can also be affected (Nguyen et al., 2017). Two different pathways have been described for underlying either object recognition memory or spatial and hippocampal memory although both require PFC, albeit different substructures of the PFC, functioning (Barker et al., 2007; Steckler et al., 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early postnatal exposure to a cafeteria diet interferes with recency and spatial memory, but not open field habituation in adolescent rats

Wait

Burns

Jones

et al. 2020

Developmental Psychobiology

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The cafeteria diet (CD), an experimental diet that mimics the obesogenic Western diet, can impair memory in adult rats. However, the suckling period is also particularly susceptible to diet-induced behavioural modification. Here, following exposure to CD feeding during lactation, 24-to 26-day-old offspring were tested to determine maternal dietary effects on either open field habituation, object location (OL) learning or on recency learning. Whereas no impact on habituation learning could be demonstrated, both OL and recency memory were impaired. In controls (C), OL memory was shown both after a 5 min (p < .05) or 60 min (p < .001) inter-trial interval (ITI). After the 60 min ITI, the difference between C and CD was significant (p < .05). Learning did not occur in the CD group at any time point and was not observed after the 24hr ITI in in either group. Whereas control rats demonstrated intact recency memory (p < .00001), no learning occurred in the CD group. Both groups differed significantly in their exploration ratios (p < .01). This study suggests a detrimental effect of exposure to an unhealthy Western diet during lactation, on cognitive functions in adolescent rats. These results could have implications for human cognition in the context of obesity epidemic.

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Effects of cafeteria diet and high fat diet intake on anxiety, learning and memory in adult male rats

Abstract: According to those data it was concluded that hypercaloric diet ingestion was capable of triggering metabolic alterations and possibly lowering anxiety associated to learning or memory improvement on a spatial task.

Cited by 27 publications

References 24 publications

In rats fed high-energy diets, taste, rather than fat content, is the key factor increasing food intake: a comparison of a cafeteria and a lipid-supplemented standard diet

In rats fed high-energy diets, taste, rather than fat content, is the key factor increasing food intake: a comparison of a cafeteria and a lipid-supplemented standard diet

Cafeteria diet in breastfeeding dams promotes anxiolytic effects, accumulation of adipose tissue, and impacts offspring development

Early postnatal exposure to a cafeteria diet interferes with recency and spatial memory, but not open field habituation in adolescent rats

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