Effects of CaCO3 and Kaolin Filler Loadings on Curing Rates of Polyurethane Foams

Dalen, M. B.; Ibrahim, A. Q.; Adamu, Haruna; Nurudeen, A. A.

doi:10.9734/irjpac/2014/11156

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Since, additives and fillers are used to increase foam density and simply to increase the ability of the foam to provide support. This is in agreement with some other works [13]. It was seen from the result of the compression set test that as the filler load increased a gradual increase in the value of compression set was observed.…”

Section: Thermal Conductivitysupporting

confidence: 93%

Effects of Coconut Husk and Corn Cob as Fillers in Flexible Polyurethane Foam

Chris-Okafor¹,

Uchechukwu²,

Nwokoye³

et al. 2017

AJPST

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The effects of local materials as fillers incorporated into the flexible polyether foam recipes were investigated. The fillers; coconut husk and corn cob of mesh sizes of 150 µm respectively were mixed in the ratio of 50:50. Varying percentages of the mixed fillers, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% were mixed with polyether foam recipes in the appropriate formulations and physico-mechanical tests were carried out on the samples. Density and compression set showed an increasing trend with increase in the filler. Elongation at break and tensile strength showed a decrease in the value as the filler load was increasing. Hardness showed a slight random variation in the value as the filler load increased. Thermal conductivity also showed a decrease in its value as the filler load increased that means it can serve as a fire retardant. All these properties were compared to a controlled sample (sample without filler). These fillers can be used in the production of polyurethane foams since they are organic materials, thus they can enhance the biodegradability of polyurethane products and be use also as flame retardants.

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Section: Thermal Conductivitysupporting

confidence: 93%

Effects of Coconut Husk and Corn Cob as Fillers in Flexible Polyurethane Foam

Chris-Okafor¹,

Uchechukwu²,

Nwokoye³

et al. 2017

AJPST

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“…Higher number of cells was associated to a heterogeneous nucleation effect created by the CB surfaces, while smaller cell size was related to higher processing viscosity and faster curing rate inhibiting cell growth. Furthermore, Dalen et al reported that kaolin addition (2–8%) can better improve the curing rate than calcium carbonate for polyurethane (PU) foams, but an excess of kaolin reduced the curing rate leading to processability problems [ 163 ]. Bashir and coworkers observed that the thermal stability of EPDM foams was improved with increasing CB content [ 164 ].…”

Section: Rubber Foaming Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemistry, Processing, Properties, and Applications of Rubber Foams

Rostami‐Tapeh‐Esmaeil

Vahidifar

Esmizadeh

et al. 2021

Polymers

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With the ever-increasing development in science and technology, as well as social awareness, more requirements are imposed on the production and property of all materials, especially polymeric foams. In particular, rubber foams, compared to thermoplastic foams in general, have higher flexibility, resistance to abrasion, energy absorption capabilities, strength-to-weight ratio and tensile strength leading to their widespread use in several applications such as thermal insulation, energy absorption, pressure sensors, absorbents, etc. To control the rubber foams microstructure leading to excellent physical and mechanical properties, two types of parameters play important roles. The first category is related to formulation including the rubber (type and grade), as well as the type and content of accelerators, fillers, and foaming agents. The second category is associated to processing parameters such as the processing method (injection, extrusion, compression, etc.), as well as different conditions related to foaming (temperature, pressure and number of stage) and curing (temperature, time and precuring time). This review presents the different parameters involved and discusses their effect on the morphological, physical, and mechanical properties of rubber foams. Although several studies have been published on rubber foams, very few papers reviewed the subject and compared the results available. In this review, the most recent works on rubber foams have been collected to provide a general overview on different types of rubber foams from their preparation to their final application. Detailed information on formulation, curing and foaming chemistry, production methods, morphology, properties, and applications is presented and discussed.

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“…[13][14][15] Moreover, the modification method of kaolin is much simplified than that of montmorillonite which involves several complicated process. Even though a lot of studies have been conducted on polyurethane foams/kaolin composites, [16][17][18] there have been few studies on the effect of modified kaolin on the cell opening in ORPUF. Thus, it is possible to introduce modified kaolin into the foaming formulations of ORPUF to obtain a higher open cell rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of open cell rigid polyurethane foams and modified with organo-kaolin

Wang

Yang

2019

Journal of Cellular Plastics

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The open cell rigid polyurethane foam (ORPUF) was prepared by adding chemical cell openers including O-500 and AK-9903. The FTIR results of cell openers and open cell rate of ORPUFs showed that O-500 has more effective cell opening capacity. In the ORPUF foaming formulation using O-500 as cell opener, silane coupling agent (KH-550) modified kaolin (organo-kaolin) was introduced into ORPUF with different weight loadings. The cellular morphology, apparent density, and compressive strength of the foams were tested in order to investigate the effects of organo-kaolin on the open cell rate and compressive property of the foams. The results showed that the open cell rate of ORPUFs slightly increased from 83.9% to 92.9% with the content of organo-kaolin. Meanwhile, compared to neat ORPUF, the compressive strength of foams increased by 72.8% when the content of introduced organo-kaolin was 4 parts per hundred of polyol by mass (php).

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Effects of CaCO3 and Kaolin Filler Loadings on Curing Rates of Polyurethane Foams

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

Effects of Coconut Husk and Corn Cob as Fillers in Flexible Polyurethane Foam

Effects of Coconut Husk and Corn Cob as Fillers in Flexible Polyurethane Foam

Chemistry, Processing, Properties, and Applications of Rubber Foams

Preparation of open cell rigid polyurethane foams and modified with organo-kaolin

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