Effects of breeds and dietary protein levels on the growth performance, energy expenditure and expression of avUCP mRNA in chickens

Li, Qihua; Xu, Zhiqiang; Liu, L.; Yu, Hongxin; Hua, Rong; Tao, Linli; Zhang, Xi; Chen, Xiaobo; Gu, Dahai; Fan, Yueyuan; Li, Xiaoqin; Ge, Chao; Tian, Yunbo; Jia, Junjing

doi:10.1007/s11033-012-2030-0

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The Daweishan mini chickens are a small sized Chinese indigenous Jungle fowl breed with an adult body weight (BW) at 4 months of age of 0.68 kg for hens or 0.92 kg for cocks. The Wuding chickens are a Chinese indigenous chicken breed with an adult BW at 4 months of age of 1.85 kg for hens or 2.20 kg for cocks [ 23 ]. The commercial Avian broiler is a modern hybrid selected for fast growth and a large adult BW.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection for growth rate and body size have altered the expression profiles of somatotropic axis genes in chickens

et al. 2018

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The growth hormone / insulin-like growth factor-1 (GH/IGF-1) pathway of the somatotropic axis is the major controller for growth rate and body size in vertebrates, but the effect of selection on the expression of GH/IGF-1 somatotropic axis genes and their association with body size and growth performance in farm animals is not fully understood. We analyzed a time series of expression profiles of GH/IGF-1 somatotropic axis genes in two chicken breeds, the Daweishan mini chickens and Wuding chickens, and the commercial Avian broilers hybrid exhibiting markedly different body sizes and growth rates. We found that growth rate and feed conversion efficiency in Daweishan mini chickens were significantly lower than those in Wuding chickens and Avian broilers. The Wuding and Daweishan mini chickens showed higher levels of plasma GH, pituitary GH mRNA but lower levels of hepatic growth hormone receptor (GHR) mRNA than in Avian broilers. Daweishan mini chickens showed significantly lower levels of plasma IGF-1, thigh muscle and hepatic IGF-1 mRNA than did Avian broilers and Wuding chickens. These results suggest that the GH part of the somatotropic axis is the main regulator of growth rate, while IGF-1 may regulate both growth rate and body weight. Selection for growth performance and body size have altered the expression profiles of somatotropic axis genes in a breed-, age-, and tissue-specific manner, and manner, and alteration of regulatory mechanisms of these genes might play an important role in the developmental characteristics of chickens.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection for growth rate and body size have altered the expression profiles of somatotropic axis genes in chickens

et al. 2018

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“…One-day-old Wuding and Daweishan chickens [12] were purchased from the Chicken Farm of Yunnan Agricultural University. The same diet was fed to all chickens (Table 4, [28]).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the adult Wuding chicken body size and weight are double that of the Daweishan mini chicken. Furthermore, the internal organs of the Daweishan mini chicken are relatively larger than the internal organs of the Wuding chicken [12, 13]. Thus, these two breeds may be an ideal model system to study the effects of broiler chicken growth rates in a background without artificial selection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological mechanisms discriminating growth rate and adult body weight phenotypes in two Chinese indigenous chicken breeds

et al. 2017

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BackgroundIntensive selection has resulted in increased growth rates and muscularity in broiler chickens, in addition to adverse effects, including delayed organ development, sudden death syndrome, and altered metabolic rates. The biological mechanisms underlying selection responses remain largely unknown. Non-artificially-selected indigenous Chinese chicken breeds display a wide variety of phenotypes, including differential growth rate, body weight, and muscularity. The Wuding chicken breed is a fast growing large chicken breed, and the Daweishan mini chicken breed is a slow growing small chicken breed. Together they form an ideal model system to study the biological mechanisms underlying broiler chicken selection responses in a natural system. The objective of this study was to study the biological mechanisms underlying differential phenotypes between the two breeds in muscle and liver tissues, and relate these to the growth rate and body development phenotypes of the two breeds.ResultsThe muscle tissue in the Wuding breed showed higher expression of muscle development genes than muscle tissue in the Daweishan chicken breed. This expression was accompanied by higher expression of acute inflammatory response genes in Wuding chicken than in Daweishan chicken. The muscle tissue of the Daweishan mini chicken breed showed higher expression of genes involved in several metabolic mechanisms including endoplasmic reticulum, protein and lipid metabolism, energy metabolism, as well as specific immune traits than in the Wuding chicken. The liver tissue showed fewer differences between the two breeds. Genes displaying higher expression in the Wuding breed than in the Daweishan breed were not associated with a specific gene network or biological mechanism. Genes highly expressed in the Daweishan mini chicken breed compared to the Wuding breed were enriched for protein metabolism, ABC receptors, signal transduction, and IL6-related mechanisms.ConclusionsWe conclude that faster growth rates and larger body size are related to increased expression of genes involved in muscle development and immune response in muscle, while slower growth rates and smaller body size are related to increased general cellular metabolism. The liver of the Daweishan breed displayed increased expression of metabolic genes.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-017-3845-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Real-time PCR was performed to determine the expression of MSTN mRNA in muscle as described previously (Li et al, 2013). Breast and leg muscle samples were collected within 20 min of the experimental chickens being sacrificed on days 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150.…”

Section: Expression Of Mstn Mrnamentioning

confidence: 99%

Myostatin mRNA expression and its association with body weight and carcass traits in Yunnan Wuding chicken

Liu

Dou

et al. 2016

Genet. Mol. Res.

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Myostatin (MSTN) is expressed in the myotome and developing skeletal muscles, and acts to regulate the number of muscle fibers. Wuding chicken large body, developed muscle, high disease resistance, and tender, delicious meat, and are not selected for fast growth. Broiler chickens (Avian broiler) are selected for fast growth and have a large body size and high muscle mass. Here, 240 one-day-old chickens (120 Wuding chickens and 120 broilers) were examined. Twenty chickens from each breed were sacrificed at days 1, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150. Breast and leg muscle samples were collected within 20 min of sacrifice to investigate the effects of MSTN gene expression on growth performance and carcass traits. Body weight, carcass traits, and skeletal muscle mass in Wuding chickens were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than those in broiler chickens at all time points. Breast muscle MSTN mRNA was lower in Wuding chickens than in broilers before day 30 (P < 0.05). After day 30, breast muscle MSTN expression was higher in Wuding chicken than in broilers (P < 0.05). Leg muscle MSTN mRNA expression was higher in Wuding chicken than in broilers at all ages except for day 60 (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis revealed that breast muscle MSTN expression has a greater effect in slow growing Wuding chickens than in the fast growing broilers. In contract, leg muscle MSTN mRNA level has a greater effect in broilers than in Wuding chickens. MSTN regulates growth performance and carcass traits in chickens.

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Effects of breeds and dietary protein levels on the growth performance, energy expenditure and expression of avUCP mRNA in chickens

Cited by 15 publications

References 53 publications

Selection for growth rate and body size have altered the expression profiles of somatotropic axis genes in chickens

Selection for growth rate and body size have altered the expression profiles of somatotropic axis genes in chickens

Biological mechanisms discriminating growth rate and adult body weight phenotypes in two Chinese indigenous chicken breeds

Myostatin mRNA expression and its association with body weight and carcass traits in Yunnan Wuding chicken

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