Effects of Blood Products on Inflammatory Response in Endothelial Cells In Vitro

Abstract

Background Transfusing blood products may induce inflammatory reactions within the vascular compartment potentially leading to a systemic inflammatory response. Experiments were designed to assess the inflammatory potential of different blood products in an endothelial cell-based in vitro model and to compare baseline levels of potentially activating substances in transfusion products. Methods The inflammatory response from pre-activated (endotoxin-stimulated) and non-activated endothelial cells as well as neutrophil endothelial transmigration in response to packed red blood cells (PRBC), platelet concentrates (PC) and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) was determined. Baseline inflammatory mediator and lipid concentrations in blood products were evaluated. Results Following incubation with all blood products, an increased inflammatory mediator release from endothelial cells was observed. Platelet concentrates, and to a lesser extent also FFP, caused the most pronounced response, which was accentuated in already pre-stimulated endothelial cells. Inflammatory response of endothelial cells as well as blood product-induced migration of neutrophils through the endothelium was in good agreement with the lipid content of the according blood product. Conclusion Within the group of different blood transfusion products both PC and FFP have a high inflammatory potential with regard to activation of endothelial cells. Inflammation upon blood product exposure is strongly accentuated when endothelial cells are pre-injured. High lipid contents in the respective blood products goes along with an accentuated inflammatory reaction from endothelial cells.

Plasma cytokines and markers of endothelial activation increase after packed red blood cell transfusion in the preterm infant

“…Our findings of significant increases in proinflammatory cytokines after transfusion are in keeping with both in vitro evidence for induction of pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines following PRBC exposure (18,19) and adult in vivo data (20). Specifically, PRBC transfusion has been demonstrated to result in significant increases in TNF-α (19) and IL-8 (21). We observed significant increases in plasma IL-1β, IL-8, TNF-α, and MCP-1.…”

Factor XIII Deficiency and Thrombocytopenia Are Frequent Modulators of Postoperative Clot Firmness in a Surgical Intensive Care Unit

“…The risk and extent of peri-and postoperative bleeding depends on various factors, e.g., preexisting diseases, congenital or acquired coagulation disorders and their management as well as the surgical procedure itself [31]. If perioperative bleeding occurs, the risk of associated morbidity and mortality increases [29,30,[32][33][34].…”

Influence of Autologous and Homologous Blood Transfusion on Interleukins and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Peri-operative Patients with Esophageal Cancer

“…However, there are still many blood transfusion associated complications, like hemolysis, fever, allergy, immunosuppression and infectious diseases induced by virus and bacteria, etc.. As early as 1970s, studies have showed that homologous blood transfusion can lead to blood-transfusion connected immunosuppression (Opelzet al, 1973) and prei-operative blood transfusion can increase the recurrence rate of tumors (Amato et al, 2006). It is estimated that about 0.2% blood receptors have showed inflammatory responses marked by systematic inflammatory response syndrome due to blood transfusion, which can trigger serious septicemia, lung failure and multiple organ failures (Urner et al, 2012). Therefore, blood protection technique receives more and more attentions recently.…”