Effects of Biochar on Degradation Herbicides in the Soil

Takeshita, Vanessa; Oliveira, Fernando Sarmento de; Munhoz-Garcia, Gustavo Vinícios; Fernandes, Bruno Caio Chaves; Teófilo, Taliane Maria da Silva; Mendes, Kássio Ferreira; Tornisielo, Valdemar Luiz

doi:10.1201/9781003202073-7

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“…Different application rates of hardwood biochar showed positive effects on the mineralization of 14 C-atrazine in Brazilian soil, representing increases of 50% (0.1% w/w), 48% (1.0% w/w), and 46% (5.0% w/w) compared to unamended soil [16]. The high persistence of herbicides in soils amended with biochar, due to the unavailability of the molecules in the soil solution for microorganisms, can significantly alter biodegradation processes; however, degradation responses are dependent on the physicochemical characteristics of the herbicide, biochar production, and soil type [1,17].…”

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confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis Temperature vs. Application Rate of Biochar Amendments: Impacts on Soil Microbiota and Metribuzin Degradation

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Laube

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Biochar-amended soils influence the degradation of herbicides depending on the pyrolysis temperature, application rate, and feedstock used. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of sugarcane straw biochar (BC) produced at different pyrolysis temperatures (350 °C, 550 °C, and 750 °C) and application rates in soil (0, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 5, and 10% w/w) on metribuzin degradation and soil microbiota. Detection analysis of metribuzin in the soil to find time for 50% and 90% metribuzin degradation (DT50 and DT90) was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Soil microbiota was analyzed by respiration rate (C-CO2), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and metabolic quotient (qCO2). BC350 °C-amended soil at 10% increased the DT50 of metribuzin from 7.35 days to 17.32 days compared to the unamended soil. Lower application rates (0.1% to 1.5%) of BC550 °C and BC750 °C decreased the DT50 of metribuzin to ~4.05 and ~5.41 days, respectively. BC350 °C-amended soil at high application rates (5% and 10%) provided high C-CO2, low MBC fixation, and high qCO2. The addition of low application rates (0.1% to 1.5%) of sugarcane straw biochar produced at high temperatures (BC550 °C and BC750 °C) resulted in increased metribuzin degradation and may influence the residual effect of the herbicide and weed control efficiency.

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