Effects of Auricularia auricula and its polysaccharide on diet-induced hyperlipidemia rats by modulating gut microbiota

Zhang, Tingting; Zhao, Wenying; Xie, Bin; Liu, Hong

doi:10.1016/j.jff.2020.104038

Cited by 45 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Hyperlipidemia represents one of the most widespread metabolic disorder diseases. It is distinguished by elevated levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) associated with a decrease in the concentration of serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) [ 1 ]. It comprises one of the key risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebral diseases such as atherosclerosis, coronary artery diseases, myocardial infarction, stroke as well as cardiac sudden deaths [ 2 , 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Study of Atorvastatin Nanostructured Lipid Carriers through Multivariate Conceptualization and Optimization

et al. 2021

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The aim of the current study is to establish a comprehensive experimental design for the screening and optimization of Atorvastatin-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (AT-NLCs). Initially, combined D-optimal screening design was applied to find the most significant factors affecting AT-NLCs properties. The studied variables included mixtures of solid and liquid lipids, the solid/liquid lipid ratio, surfactant type and concentration, homogenization speed as well as sonication time. Then, the variables homogenization speed (A), the ratio of solid lipid/liquid lipid (B), and concentration of the surfactant (C) were optimized using a central composite design. Particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency were chosen as dependent responses. The optimized AT-NLCs demonstrated a nanometric size (83.80 ± 1.13 nm), Polydispersity Index (0.38 ± 0.02), surface charge (−29.65 ± 0.65 mV), and high drug incorporation (93.1 ± 0.04%). Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis showed no chemical interaction between Atorvastatin and the lipid mixture. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) analysis of the AT-NLCs suggested the transformation of Atorvastatin crystal into an amorphous state. Administration of the optimized AT-NLCs led to a significant reduction (p < 0.001) in serum levels of rats’ total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoproteins. This change was histologically validated by reducing the relevant steatosis of the liver.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Study of Atorvastatin Nanostructured Lipid Carriers through Multivariate Conceptualization and Optimization

et al. 2021

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“…This fungus has also been included in many foods consumed in the countries mentioned above (18). In recent years, A. auricula polysaccharides (AAP) have been suggested to play important biological roles, such as hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, antioxidant, antitumor and antiviral activities (17,(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24). Although, the immuno-enhancing potential of AAP has attracted research interests (25)(26)(27).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Polysaccharides From Auricularia auricula on the Immuno-Stimulatory Activity and Gut Microbiota in Immunosuppressed Mice Induced by Cyclophosphamide

Kong

Duan

et al. 2020

Front. Immunol.

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Recently, the immuno-enhancing potential of polysaccharide from Auricularia auricula (AAP) has been an area of research interest. However, the immune-stimulatory activity and mechanisms of AAP in immunosuppressive mice treated with cyclophosphamide (CTX) are still poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the immuno-enhancing effects of AAP and mine its possible mechanisms. Firstly, polysaccharides were isolated from A. auricula and purified. Secondly, the immune-stimulatory activities of the first AAP fraction (AAP1) were evaluated in the CTX-treated mice. Results showed that AAP1 significantly enhanced immune organ indexes, remarkably stimulated IFN-g, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, and TNF-a levels in the serum, and dramatically up-regulated the mRNA levels of Claudin-1, Occludin and ZO-1. Compared to the CTX group, AAP1 administration restored the gut microbiota composition similar to that of the control group by decreasing the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes and increasing the relative abundances of short-chain fatty acid-producing microbiota. This study provides useful information for its further application as an immune-stimulator in foods and drugs.

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“…Lachnospiraceae belongs to Clostridium of the phylum Firmicutes, and it can ferment glucose to produce formic acid, lactic acid, acetic acid. At the genus level, Flavonifractor was higher in female adults, which also belongs to the phylum Firmicutes and can synthesize short-chain fatty acids from plant polysaccharides ( Zhang et al, 2020a ; Zhang et al, 2020b ; Zou et al, 2020 ; Mikami et al, 2020 ). The results of Bo et al (2019) showed that the most abundant bacteria in the cecum of captive Brandt’s voles are Firmicutes and Bacteroides, accounting for about 91%, while the content of Proteobacteria is low.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We found abundance of some microbiota changed significantly with increase of age of voles, e.g., Firmicutes ( Flavonifractor , Oscillibacter , Anaerofilum , Blautia , Peptococcus , Acetatifactor , Butyricicoccus , Roseburia , Anaerovorax , Caproiciproducens , Lachnoclostridium , Ruminiclostridium , Intestinimonas ), Proteobacteria ( Desulfovibrio , Parasutterella , Tyzzerella , Helicobacter ), and Bacteroidetes ( Odoribacter , Butyricimonas ,). Many of them (e.g., Flavonifractor , Enterorhabdus , Desulfovibrio , Elusimicrobium , Roseburia , Candidatus _ Saccharimonas , Anaerovorax , Caproiciproducens , Lachnoclostridium , Ruminiclostridium , Intestinimonas ) play a key role in immunity regulation and intestinal health ( Zhang et al, 2020a ; Zhang et al, 2020b ; Zhao, Jiang & Chu, 2020 ; Ward et al, 2017 ; Zhang et al, 2020a ; Zhang et al, 2020b ). However, Unidentified_Clostridiales , Oscillibacter , Anaerofilum , Parasutterella , Tyzzerella , Blautia , Peptococcus , Mycoplasma , Helicobacter , Butyricimonas have pathogenic and pro-inflammatory effects ( Xu et al, 2020 ; Xue et al, 2020 ; Xie et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex- and age-specific variation of gut microbiota in Brandt’s voles

Zhang

2021

PeerJ

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Background Gut microbiota plays a key role in the survival and reproduction of wild animals which rely on microbiota to break down plant compounds for nutrients. As compared to laboratory animals, wild animals face much more threat of environmental changes (e.g. food shortages and risk of infection). Therefore, studying the gut microbiota of wild animals can help us better understand the mechanisms animals use to adapt to their environment. Methods We collected the feces of Brandt’s voles in the grassland, of three age groups (juvenile, adult and old), in both sexes. We studied the gut microbiota by 16S rRNA sequencing. Results The main members of gut microbiota in Brandt’s voles were Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria. As voles get older, the proportion of Firmicutes increased gradually, and the proportion of Bacteroides decreased gradually. The diversity of the microbiota of juveniles is lower, seems like there is still a lot of space for colonization, and there are large variations in the composition of the microbiome between individuals. In adulthood, the gut microbiota tends to be stable, and the diversity is highest. In adult, the abundances of Christensenellaceae and Peptococcus of female were significantly higher than male voles. Conclusions The gut microbiota of Brandt’s vole was influenced by sex and age, probably due to growth needs and hormone levels. Gut microbiota of wild animals were much influenced by their life-history reflected by their age and sex. Future studies will be directed to identify functions of these “wild microbiota” in regulating physiological or behavioral processes of wild animals in different life stage or sexes.

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Effects of Auricularia auricula and its polysaccharide on diet-induced hyperlipidemia rats by modulating gut microbiota

Cited by 45 publications

References 55 publications

Comprehensive Study of Atorvastatin Nanostructured Lipid Carriers through Multivariate Conceptualization and Optimization

Comprehensive Study of Atorvastatin Nanostructured Lipid Carriers through Multivariate Conceptualization and Optimization

Effects of Polysaccharides From Auricularia auricula on the Immuno-Stimulatory Activity and Gut Microbiota in Immunosuppressed Mice Induced by Cyclophosphamide

Sex- and age-specific variation of gut microbiota in Brandt’s voles

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