Effects of attention on the neural processing of harmonic syntax in Western music

Loui, Psyche; Grent-‘t-Jong, Tineke; Torpey, Dana C.; Woldorff, Marty G.

doi:10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.08.019

Cited by 111 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…However, left-lateralization has also been described depending on the non-phonetic feature (Grimm et al, 2006;Tervaniemi et al, 2006b). Furthermore, several studies failed to replicate the right lateralization of the ERAN (Loui et al, 2005;Leino et al, 2007), rather suggesting that this brain response has bilateral generators.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In musical experts, the ERAN amplitude is higher than in novices (Koelsch et al, 2002a). The ERAN is elicited specifically by the incongruity of harmonically unexpected events in musical sequences, e.g., by Neapolitan subdominant (Sn) or double dominant chords (DD), at the tonic (T) position (Koelsch and Sammler, 2008;Koelsch, 2009;Leino et al, 2007;Loui et al, 2005;Maess et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using magnetoencephalography (MEG), Maess et al (2001) localized the sources of the magnetic ERAN response in pars opercularis of the Broca's area (BA44) and its right hemispheric homolog, with a nonsignificant tendency towards a right-hemispheric superiority. While some studies support this bilateral localization, calling the component simply early anterior negativity (EAN) (Leino et al, 2007;Loui et al, 2005), others provide evidence for a rightlateralized ERAN (Koelsch et al, 2000;Koelsch et al, 2001;Koelsch et al, 2002b;Koelsch, 2005). Leino et al (2007) made a direct comparison between the ERAN and the MMN using deviant chords embedded in the same harmonic context.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The amplitude of the ERAN is modulated by attention, decreasing as the attention increases and vice versa. Therefore, most studies present a semi-attentive paradigm (Koelsch et al, 2000;Koelsch et al, 2002b;Loui et al, 2005), where the participant listens to the music while performing a task unrelated to the harmony manipulation of interest. In musical experts, the ERAN amplitude is higher than in novices (Koelsch et al, 2002a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distinct neural responses to chord violations: A multiple source analysis study

et al. 2011

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The human brain is constantly predicting the auditory environment by representing sequential similarities and extracting temporal regularities. It has been proposed that simple auditory regularities are extracted at lower stations of the auditory cortex and more complex ones at other brain regions, such as the prefrontal cortex. Deviations from auditory regularities elicit a family of early negative electric potentials distributed over the frontal regions of the scalp. In this study, we wished to disentangle the brain processes associated with sequential vs. hierarchical auditory regularities in a musical context by studying the event-related potentials (ERPs), the behavioral responses to violations of these regularities, and the localization of the underlying ERP generators using two different source analysis algorithms. To this aim, participants listened to musical cadences constituted by seven chords, each containing either harmonically congruous chords, harmonically incongruous chords, or harmonically congruous but mistuned chords. EEG was recorded and multiple source analysis was performed. Incongruous chords violating the rules of harmony elicited a bilateral ERAN, whereas mistuned chords within chord sequences elicited a right-lateralized MMN. We found that the dominant cortical sources for the ERAN were localized around Broca's area and its right homolog, whereas the MMN generators were localized around the primary auditory cortex. These findings suggest a predominant role of the auditory cortices in detecting sequential scale regularities and the posterior prefrontal cortex in parsing hierarchical regularities in music.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Distinct neural responses to chord violations: A multiple source analysis study

et al. 2011

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“…Using chord sequences with final chords that were either harmonic syntactically regular or irregular, it has been shown that music-syntactical violations elicit an early right anterior negative (ERAN) component; this component is maximal at 200 ms after the onset of irregular chords and is strongest over right frontal electrode regions [Koelsch et al, 2000;Koelsch et al, 2002b]. The ERAN can be elicited in absence of directed attention [Koelsch et al, 2002a] in both musicians and nonmusicians [Koelsch et al, 2000;Loui et al, 2005], indicating an inherent human ability to acquire knowledge about musical syntax through everyday listening experiences [Tillmann et al, 2000]. Using magnetoencephalogram, it was found that the mERAN (magnetic-ERAN) was generated predominantly in the inferior fronto-lateral cortex [Maess et al, 2001].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decrease in early right alpha band phase synchronization and late gamma band oscillations in processing syntax in music

Ruiz

Koelsch

Bhattacharya

2008

Human Brain Mapping

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The present study investigated the neural correlates associated with the processing of musicsyntactical irregularities as compared with regular syntactic structures in music. Previous studies reported an early ($200 ms) right anterior negative component (ERAN) by traditional event-related-potential analysis during music-syntactical irregularities, yet little is known about the underlying oscillatory and synchronization properties of brain responses which are supposed to play a crucial role in general cognition including music perception. First we showed that the ERAN was primarily represented by low frequency (<8 Hz) brain oscillations. Further, we found that music-syntactical irregularities as compared with music-syntactical regularities, were associated with (i) an early decrease in the alpha band (9-10 Hz) phase synchronization between right fronto-central and left temporal brain regions, and (ii) a late ($500 ms) decrease in gamma band (38-50 Hz) oscillations over fronto-central brain regions. These results indicate a weaker degree of long-range integration when the musical expectancy is violated. In summary, our results reveal neural mechanisms of music-syntactic processing that operate at different levels of cortical integration, ranging from early decrease in long-range alpha phase synchronization to late local gamma oscillations. Hum Brain Mapp 30:1207Mapp 30: -1225Mapp 30: , 2009. V V C 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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The autistic brain can process local but not global emotion regularities in facial and musical sequences

Zhou

Liu

et al. 2021

Autism Research

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Whether autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with a global processing deficit remains controversial. Global integration requires extraction of regularity across various timescales, yet little is known about how individuals with ASD process regularity at local (short timescale) versus global (long timescale) levels. To this end, we used event‐related potentials to investigate whether individuals with ASD would show different neural responses to local (within trial) versus global (across trials) emotion regularities extracted from sequential facial expressions; and if so, whether this visual abnormality would generalize to the music (auditory) domain. Twenty individuals with ASD and 21 age‐ and IQ‐matched individuals with typical development participated in this study. At an early processing stage, ASD participants exhibited preserved neural responses to violations of local emotion regularity for both faces and music. At a later stage, however, there was an absence of neural responses in ASD to violations of global emotion regularity for both faces and music. These findings suggest that the autistic brain responses to emotion regularity are modulated by the timescale of sequential stimuli, and provide insight into the neural mechanisms underlying emotional processing in ASD.

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Effects of attention on the neural processing of harmonic syntax in Western music

Cited by 111 publications

References 26 publications

Distinct neural responses to chord violations: A multiple source analysis study

Distinct neural responses to chord violations: A multiple source analysis study

Decrease in early right alpha band phase synchronization and late gamma band oscillations in processing syntax in music

The autistic brain can process local but not global emotion regularities in facial and musical sequences

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