Effects of Atorvastatin on Periodontitis of Rats Subjected to Glucocorticoid‐Induced Osteoporosis

Sousa, Luzia Hermínia Teixeira; Linhares, Eveline V.M.; Alexandre, Joanna Trycia Magalhães; Lisboa, Mário Roberto Pontes; Furlaneto, Flávia Aparecida Chaves; Freitas, Raquel; Ribeiro, Isabela; Val, Danielle Rocha do; Marques, Mirna; Chaves, Hellíada Vasconcelos; Martins, Conceição da Silva; Brito, Gerly Anne Castro; Góes, Paula

doi:10.1902/jop.2016.160075

Cited by 29 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Several studies have shown that this model is able to reproduce the main characteristics seen on human periodontitis, such as bone loss and destruction of periodontal ligament (Goes et al, 2010, 2016; Sousa et al, 2016) increase on oxidative stress (Di Paola et al, 2004), and exacerbation of inflammatory process (Leitão et al, 2005; Goes et al, 2012, 2016; Sousa et al, 2016), which confirm our findings.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Sections of the excised maxillae, demineralized in a 10% EDTA solution were used for DKK1 (antibody rabbit policlonal IgG, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), WNT 10b (antibody rabbit policlonal IgG, Abcam), and β-catenin (antibody goat policlonal IgG, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) (Sousa et al, 2016). Five microscopic fields (400x) were used to count osteoblasts exhibiting cytoplasmic positivity for DKK1, WNT 10b and β-catenin (de Barros Silva et al, 2016).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Calendula officinalis on Oxidative Stress and Bone Loss in Experimental Periodontitis

et al. 2017

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Periodontitis is associated with reduced antioxidant capacity and increased oxidative damage. Oxidative stress induces inflammation and bone loss contributing to the pathological progression of periodontal disease. Calendula officinalis (CLO) has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of CLO on oxidative stress and bone loss in rats subjected to experimental periodontitis (EP). For this, 72 male Wistar rats were divided into groups: Naïve, Saline (SAL) and CLO. Rats received SAL or CLO (90 mg/kg) 30 min before ligature and daily until the 11th day. Naïve group experienced no manipulation. After 11 days, the animals were euthanized and left maxillae collected for macroscopic analysis of alveolar bone loss (ABL). Periodontium was analyzed by macroscopy, scanning electron microscopy; confocal and light polarized microscopy. Immunohistochemical examination of DKK1, WNT 10b and β-catenin was performed. The gingival tissue was collected to reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) analyses. The 11 days of ligature induced bone loss, breakdown of collagen fibers, increased the immunostaining DKK-1 while reduced WNT 10b and β-catenin expressions. Periodontitis reduced GSH, SOD, CAT and increase MDA. All findings were reversed by 90 mg/kg of CLO. In summary our findings demonstrated that CLO reduced oxidative stress and bone loss and preserved collagen fibers in rats with EP, with participation of WNT signaling pathway.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Calendula officinalis on Oxidative Stress and Bone Loss in Experimental Periodontitis

et al. 2017

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“…From the 25 articles selected for full‐text review, 2 were excluded because they assessed statin only in combination with another agent. Finally, 23 preclinical trials were included: 16 studies using an EIP model (Table ) and 7 studies using an ACP model (Table ). Subsequently, these studies will be cited with Roman numbers, as indicated in Tables and .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the EIP model studies herein, statin use reduced neutrophil count and activity, the expression level of various proinflammatory cytokines (e.g., interleukin [IL]‐1, IL‐6, IL‐8, tumor necrosis factor‐α) and various enzymes (e.g., cyclooxygenase‐2, inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase and matrix metalloproteinases 1, 2, 8, 9) affecting inflammatory pathways and tissue and bone remodeling, and oxidative stress, while it increased the levels of the anti‐inflammatory cytokine, IL‐10, and osteoprotegerin, expression of bone morphogenetic protein‐2 and vascular endothelial growth factor immunoreactivity . The combined effect of reduced anti‐inflammatory response — regularly associated with reduced degradation of soft and hard tissue — and of enhanced wound‐healing potential during periodontal disease, thus explains the significantly higher alveolar bone level/amount and/or attachment level compared with controls, observed in 81% and 100%, respectively, of the EIP model studies included.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Statins in nonsurgical and surgical periodontal therapy. A systematic review and meta‐analysis of preclinical in vivo trials

Bertl

Steiner

Pandis

et al. 2017

J of Periodontal Research

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The cholesterol-lowering drugs, statins, possess anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and pro-osteogenic properties, and thus have been tested as an adjunct to periodontal treatment. The present systematic review aimed to answer the following focused research question: What is the effect of local and/or systemic statin use on periodontal tissues in preclinical in vivo studies of experimentally induced periodontitis (EIP) and/or acute/chronified periodontal defect (ACP) models? A literature search (of Medline/PubMed, Embase/Ovid, CENTRAL/Ovid) using the following main eligibility criteria was performed: (i) English or German language; (ii) controlled preclinical in vivo trials; (iii) local and/or systemic statin use in EIP and/or ACP models; and (iv) quantitative evaluation of periodontal tissues (i.e., alveolar bone level/amount, attachment level, cementum formation, periodontal ligament formation). Sixteen studies in EIP models and 7 studies in ACP models evaluated simvastatin, atorvastatin or rosuvastatin. Thirteen of the EIP (81%) and 2 of the ACP (29%) studies presented significantly better results in terms of alveolar bone level/amount in favor of statins. Meta-analysis based on 14 EIP trials confirmed a significant benefit of local and systemic statin use (P < .001) in terms of alveolar bone level/amount; meta-regression revealed that statin type exhibited a significant effect (P = .014) in favor of atorvastatin. Three studies reported a significantly higher periodontal attachment level in favor of statin use (P < .001). Complete periodontal regeneration was never observed; furthermore, statins did not exert any apparent effect on cementum formation. Neither local nor systemic use of statins resulted in severe adverse effects. Statin use in periodontal indications has a positive effect on periodontal tissue parameters, supporting the positive results already observed in clinical trials. Nevertheless, not all statins available have been tested so far, and further research is needed to identify the maximum effective concentration/dose and optimal carrier.

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“…17,18 The anti-inflammatory activity of ATV is evidenced by the reduced expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, -6 and -8, and increase of IL-10. 19 ATV improves the gingival oxidative stress, reestablishing reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalse levels on periodontium. 20,21 Atorvastatin could increase angiogenesis and the expression of messenger RNA (mRNA) of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) in osteoblasts.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

The Effectiveness of Local Atorvastatin in the Treatment of Moderate Periodontitis

khoder¹,

Girgis²,

Anees³

et al. 2019

IJAR

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Effects of Atorvastatin on Periodontitis of Rats Subjected to Glucocorticoid‐Induced Osteoporosis

Abstract: ATV reduced inflammation, oxidative stress, and bone loss in rats with EP and GIOP, with participation of the WNT signaling pathway.

Cited by 29 publications

References 48 publications

The Effect of Calendula officinalis on Oxidative Stress and Bone Loss in Experimental Periodontitis

The Effect of Calendula officinalis on Oxidative Stress and Bone Loss in Experimental Periodontitis

Statins in nonsurgical and surgical periodontal therapy. A systematic review and meta‐analysis of preclinical in vivo trials

The Effectiveness of Local Atorvastatin in the Treatment of Moderate Periodontitis

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