Effects of an exogenous enzyme, Roxazyme® G2 Liquid, on milk production in pasture fed dairy cows

Miller, Dale; Granzin, B. C.; Elliott, R. F.; Norton, B. W.

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2007.05.049

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Hatfield et al (1999) pointed out that increasing cell wall degradation by 10% would significantly increase global milk and meat production and reduce manure solids excretion and use of grains. Exogenous fibrolytic enzymes have been shown to increase both in vitro and in situ fibre degradation of forages (Feng et al, 1996;Pinos-Rodriguez et al, 2002), although results are not consistent (Beauchemin et al, 2003;Elwakeel et al, 2007;Miller et al, 2008). Because responses to enzyme addition can be nonlinear (Beauchemin et al, 1995;Kung et al, 2000), optimum dose to improve fibre utilization by ruminants is not yet well established.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Influence of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes onin vitroandin saccodegradation of forages for ruminants

Gallardo

Bárcena

Pinos-Rodríguez

et al. 2010

Italian Journal of Animal Science

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An in vitro assay was carried out to evaluate the effects of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (1, 2, 3 and 4 g/kg DM) powder preparation containing xylanase and cellulase from Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma viride on DM, NDF and ADF degradation of alfalfa hay, corn silage, corn stover, elephant grass, Guinea grass and oat straw. Kinetics data of in vitro degradations were analyzed. The potentially degradable fraction and degradation rate of NDF and ADF of alfalfa increased quadratically (P<0.05) as the inclusion level of enzyme increased up to 3 g. The others forages were not affected by the enzyme. An in sacco trail was performed using four Holstein steers fitted with ruminal cannulas to evaluate the effects of the exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (3 g/kg DM) on DM, NDF and ADF degradation of alfalfa hay and corn stover. Kinetics data were also analyzed. The potentially degradable fraction degradation of NDF (62.0 vs 65.7%) and ADF (52.8 vs 56.9%), of alfalfa hay were increased (P<0.05) by the exogenous fibrolytic enzymes, but no differences were found for corn stover. These results suggest that the enzymes increased in vitro and in sacco fibre degradation only for alfalfa hay

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Influence of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes onin vitroandin saccodegradation of forages for ruminants

Gallardo

Bárcena

Pinos-Rodríguez

et al. 2010

Italian Journal of Animal Science

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“…Moreover, enzymes addition at forage ensiling increased both feed intake and digestion rate (Miller et al . ; Salem et al . ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is well known that addition of exogenous enzymes to animal diets can improve feeding value and animal performance by improving fiber degradation and increasing feed intake and digestion (Khattab et al 2011;Salem et al 2013) as indicated by in vitro studies (Giraldo et al 2008;Elghandour et al 2013), in situ studies (Miller et al 2008a;Chung et al 2012) and in vivo studies (Gado et al 2009;Holtshausen et al 2011;Salem et al 2013). Moreover, enzymes addition at forage ensiling increased both feed intake and digestion rate (Miller et al 2008b;Salem et al 2012). A two recently developed enzyme cocktails ZAD1 ® and ZAD2 ® are biotechnical products made from anaerobic bacteria from natural sources to elevate the level of cellulolytic enzymes from anaerobic bacteria, which convert polysaccharides into monosaccharide by specific enzymes (Gado et al 2009 and their products have beneficial effects on nutritive value of poor quality roughages (Gado 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Mediterranean saltbush (Atriplex halimus) ensilaging with two developed enzyme cocktails on feed intake, nutrient digestibility and ruminal fermentation in sheep

Alsersy

Salem

Borhami

et al. 2014

Animal Science Journal

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The aim of this study was to assess the effects of feeding Atriplex halimus (AH) silage treated with two developed enzyme cocktails to sheep on feed intake, nutrient digestibility and ruminal fermentation. The AH silage was treated without or with 2 L of ZAD1(®) or ZAD2(®) /1000 kg with 5% molasses and ensiled for 30 days. Barley grain (300 g/head/day) was fed as an energy supplement once daily at 10.00 hours and AH silage with or without enzyme treatment was offered ad libitum to animals twice daily at 09.00 and 16.00 hours. Sheep were fed on four experimental forage diets comprised of AH silage and barley (D1), AH silage treated with ZAD1(®) and barley (D2), AH silage treated with ZAD2(®) and barley (D3) and AH silage treated with a combination of ZAD1(®) and ZAD2(®) (1:1) and barley (D4). Ensiling AH with enzymes reduced its contents of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber. The dry matter intake of AH of D2, D3 and D4 decreased (P < 0.001) as compared to D1. However, enzyme-treated diets had greater total digestible nutrients intake (P < 0.001) as compared to D1. The nutrients digestibility for D2, D3 and D4 were higher than those for D1 (P < 0.001), and were higher for D3 as compared to both D2 and D4. Sheep fed on D3 had highest (P < 0.001) ruminal total volatile fatty acids concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration and microbial protein yield. It could be concluded that AH silage treated with ZAD1(®) or ZAD2(®) improved digestibility and rumen fermentation in sheep.

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“…A tendency could be observed for both ADG (p = 0.09) and final BW (p = 0.11) to increase during the finishing phase without affecting BW change which opposed to the growing phase where enzyme increased digestibility (p<0.04) of DM, CP, NDF and ADF. Miller et al (2008) showed that the enzyme treatment had no effect on total tract OM or fibre digestibility but increased (p<0.05) urinary N excretion (Table 2). Bhasker et al (2013) conducted a research with supplementation of diets with fibrolytic enzymes (Optimum doses under in vitro conditions were selected).…”

Section: Production Responses In Ruminantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently conducted several researches have demonstrated the beneficial effects of supplementing ruminant diets with exogenous enzymes more specifically, exogenous fibrolytic enzymes in means of improving fiber digestibility and consequently, the efficiency of feed utilization by ruminants in in vitro (Rodrigues et al, 2008;Murad et al, 2009;Azzaz, 2009), in vivo (Jalilvand et al, 2008;Krueger et al, 2008;Arriola et al, 2011) and in situ. Meanwhile some other studies (Elwakeel et al, 2007;Miller et al, 2008) reported no significant differences in digestibility and performance parameters with enzyme supplementation. With the immense effort of researchers the use of exogenous enzymes to enhance quality and digestibility of ruminant feeds is on the verge of delivering practical benefits, even though there are some issues such as mode of action of enzymes, synergism between exogenous enzymes and rumen microflora, suitable application method and optimum dosage to be spell out in a more precise manner.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous Enzymes in Ruminant Nutrition: A Review

Sujani¹,

Seresinhe²

2015

Asian J. of Animal Sciences

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The concept of supplementation of ruminant diets with exogenous enzymes is not new though a considerable research interest on this field has been emerged from 1990s. Availability of wide range of exogenous enzyme products, development of better methods to evaluate enzyme activity, revised knowledge on rumen functions and recent advances of biotechnology which lowers the cost of enzyme production have fuelled the enzyme utilization in ruminant industries. The exogenous enzymes used in ruminant diets can be characterized in to main categories as fibrolytic, amylolytic and proteolytic based on specific substrate on which their enzyme activity can perform. The sources of these exogenous enzymes are mainly four bacterial species, three fungal species and some yeasts. Solid State Fermentation (SSF) and Submerged Fermentation (SmF) are the major methods for enzyme extraction which have combined with several other biotechnological aspects. The enzyme application method can vary in a wide range from applying to forage at harvesting, at ensiling, at feeding and the portion of feed which is mixed with enzyme may also vary from to forage to concentrate to a part of totally mixed rations. Up to date numerous number of researches have been done with ruminants like cattle both dairy and beef, goat, sheep and less with buffalo. The results seems to be inconsistent but positive results on feed intake, nutrient digestibility, growth performance, other production parameters, manure nutrient excretion etc., have been obtained. Therefore more fine-tuned research efforts are highly suggested for the generalization of exogenous enzyme usage in ruminant nutrition.

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Effects of an exogenous enzyme, Roxazyme® G2 Liquid, on milk production in pasture fed dairy cows

Cited by 27 publications

References 29 publications

Influence of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes onin vitroandin saccodegradation of forages for ruminants

Influence of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes onin vitroandin saccodegradation of forages for ruminants

Effect of Mediterranean saltbush (Atriplex halimus) ensilaging with two developed enzyme cocktails on feed intake, nutrient digestibility and ruminal fermentation in sheep

Exogenous Enzymes in Ruminant Nutrition: A Review

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