Effects of ammonium sulphate application on the chemistry of bulk soil, rhizosphere, fine roots and fine-root distribution in a Picea abies (L.) karst. stand

Majdi, Hooshang; Persson, Henrik J.

doi:10.1007/bf00029323

Cited by 39 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…The mean tree fine root biomasses of this study were higher than those in six other Norway spruce stands in Finland , and also higher than those reported from Sweden by Persson et al (1995) and Majdi and Persson (1995). Contributing factors may have been the clearly younger age and higher stem number in this Norway spruce stand compared with those investigated by Helmisaari et al (2007).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 80%

Effects of wood ash and nitrogen fertilization on fine root biomass and soil and foliage nutrients in a Norway spruce stand in Finland

Helmisaari¹,

Saarsalmi²,

Kukkola³

2008

Plant Soil

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We determined the effects of wood ash fertilization, given together with nitrogen (WAN), and nitrogen given together with P, B and Cu (SSF), on soil and foliage nutrients and fine root biomass in a 45-year-old Norway spruce stand in southern Finland. Fine roots were sampled 9 years, and the soil 10 years after ash (3 t/ha) and nitrogen (150 kg/ha) application. Fine root biomass tended to be lower, the necromass higher, and the fine root distribution relatively deeper on the WAN than on the control and SSF plots. The response of fine root biomass to WAN was probably related to changes in soil acidity. pH, base saturation, total and extractable concentrations of Ca, K, Mg and P, and total B, Cd, Mn, Ni and Zn concentrations in the organic layer were significantly higher on the WAN plots than on the SSF and the control plots with no ash and nutrient addition. On the WAN plots, the pH was 1.2 pH-units higher, the exchangeable Ca concentrations fourfold and those of Mg over twofold compared to the control plots. WAN increased the concentrations of K but decreased those of Mn and Ni in the needles compared to the control and SSF treatment. Even though ash and nitrogen fertilisation tended to decrease the fine root biomass, this decrease was not likely to affect tree growth during a 10-year period.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 80%

Effects of wood ash and nitrogen fertilization on fine root biomass and soil and foliage nutrients in a Norway spruce stand in Finland

Helmisaari¹,

Saarsalmi²,

Kukkola³

2008

Plant Soil

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“…Accordingly, some scholars thought that tree species adapted to NH 4 + might be more tolerant to nutrients short of positive ions (Knoepp et al, 1993), and a low requirement to Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ or low content of Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ in conifer tissues have been reported in many studies (Ryan et al, 1986;Xu and Li, 1989;Hemissari, 1990;Wang and Liu, 1991;Rathfon, 1993). On the other hand, the uptake of NH 4 + will cause the acidification of soil (Rygiewica et al, 1984;Olsthoorn et al, 1991), thus beneficial to the uptake of Al and Mg as well as insoluble P (Gahoonia, 1993;Majdi and Persson, 1995;Ruan et al, 2000). From the aspect either of ionic equilibrium or of rhizospheric effects, it seems that NO 3 -is not beneficial to the uptake of P. Currently, few evidence has been reported to predict what results will happen for the P nutrition of NH 4 + -prefered conifers in a nitrate environment.…”

Section: Interconnection and Equilibrium Of Nutrientsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Soil NH4 +/NO3 − nitrogen characteristics in primary forests and the adaptability of some coniferous species

Cui

Jinfeng

2007

Front. Forest. China

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In terrestrial ecosystems, soil nutrient regimes at a plant's living site generally represent the plant's "nutrition habitat". Plant species frequently well adapt to their original "nutrition habitat" during a long process of evolution, and the apparent preference for ammonium or nitrate nitrogen source (NH 4 + or NO 3 -) might be an important aspect of the adaptation. Plants typically favor the nitrogen form most abundant in their natural habitats. Nitrate has been recognized as the dominant mineral nitrogen form in most agricultural soils and the main nitrogen source for crops, but it is not usually the case in forest ecosystems. A large number of studies show that the "nutrition habitats" associated with primary forest soils are typically dominated by NH 4 + rather than NO 3 -, generally with NO 3 -content much lower than NH 4 + . Low levels of NO 3 -in these forest soils generally correspond to low net rates of nitrification. The probable reasons for this phenomenon include: 1) nitrification limitations and/or inhibitions caused by lower pH, lower NH 4 + availability (autotrophic nitrifiers cannot successfully compete for NH 4 + with heterotrophic organisms and plants), or allelopathic inhibitors (tannins or higher-molecular-weight proanthocyanidins) in the soil; or 2) substantial microbial acquisition of nitrate in the soils, which makes net nitrification rates substantially less than gross nitrification rates even though the latter are relatively high.Many coniferous species (especially such late successional tree species as Tsuga heterophylla, Pinus banksiana, Picea glauca, Pseudotsuga meziesii, Picea abies, etc.) fully adapt to their original NH 4 + -dominated "nutrition habitats" so that their capacities of absorbing and using non-reduced forms of nitrogen (e.g., NO 3 -) substantially decrease. These conifers typically show distinct preference to NH 4 + and reduced growth due to nitrogen-metabolism disorder when NO 3 -is the main nitrogen source. The physiological and biochemical mechanisms that account for the adaptation to NH 4 + -dominated systems (or limited ability to use NO 3 -) for the coniferous species include: i) distribution and activity of enzymes for catalyzing nitrogen reduction and assimilation, generally characterized by lower nitrate reductase (NR); ii) greater tolerance to NH 4 + or rapid detoxification of ammonium nitrogen in the roots; iii) lower capacity of absorption to NO 3 -by roots that might be controlled by feedback regulations of certain N-transport compounds, such as glutamine; iv) relations and balance between nitrogen and other elements (such as Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , and Zn 2+ etc.). Some NH 4 + -preferred conifers might be more adapted (tolerant) to lower base cation conditions; v) NO 3 -nutrition, rather than NH 4 + , that may lead to the loss of considerable quantities of organic and inorganic carbon to the surrounding media and mycorrhizal symbiont and probably contribute to slower growth; and vi) the metabolic cost of reducing NO 3 -to NH 4 + that may make shade-tolerant c...

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“…On the other hand, this application also resulted in a significant increase in the belowground necromass in the LFH layer and at the 0-10 cm depth in the mineral soil in the third year (1990) of this study (cf. Majdi and Persson, 1994). Olsthoorn et al (1991) reported that high levels of NH4 deposition may have strong negative effects on root uptake capacity if the annual deposition of NH4 corresponds to the application rate in this study (100 kg N ha -1 yr-1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effects of ammonium sulphate application on the rhizosphere, fine-root and needle chemistry in aPicea abies (L.) Karst. stand

Majdi

Rosengren-Brinck

1994

Plant Soil

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Rhizosphere, fine-root and needle chemistry were investigated in a 28 year old Norway spruce stand in SW Sweden. The uptake and allocation pattern of plant nutrients and aluminium in control plots (C) and plots repeatedly treated with ammonium sulphate (NS) were compared. Treatments started in 1988. Current year needles, one-year-old needles and cylindrical core samples of the LFH-layer and the mineral soil layers were sampled in 1988, 1989 and 1990. Compared to the control plots, pH decreased significantly in the rhizosphere soil in the NS plots in 1989 and 1990 while the SO4-S concentration increased significantly. Aluminium concentration in the rhizosphere soil was generally higher in the NS plots in all soil layers, except at 0-10 cm depths, both in 1989 and 1990. Calcium, Mg and K concentrations also increased after treatment with ammonium sulphate. Ammonium ions may have replaced these elements in the soil organic matter. The NS treatment significantly reduced Mg concentrations in fine roots in all layers in t990. A similar trend was found in the needles. Ca concentrations in fine roots were significantly lower in the NS plots in the LFH layer in 1990 and the same pattern was found in the current needles. The N and S concentrations of both fine roots and needles were significantly higher in the NS plots. It was suggested that NS treatment resulted in displacement of Mg, Ca and K from exchange sites in the LFH layer leading to leaching of these cations to the mineral soil. Further application of ammonium sulphate may damage the fine roots and consequently adversely affect the water and nutrient uptake of root systems.

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Effects of ammonium sulphate application on the chemistry of bulk soil, rhizosphere, fine roots and fine-root distribution in a Picea abies (L.) karst. stand

Cited by 39 publications

References 21 publications

Effects of wood ash and nitrogen fertilization on fine root biomass and soil and foliage nutrients in a Norway spruce stand in Finland

Effects of wood ash and nitrogen fertilization on fine root biomass and soil and foliage nutrients in a Norway spruce stand in Finland

Soil NH4 +/NO3 − nitrogen characteristics in primary forests and the adaptability of some coniferous species

Effects of ammonium sulphate application on the rhizosphere, fine-root and needle chemistry in aPicea abies (L.) Karst. stand

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