Effects of ambient stimuli on measures of behavioral state and microswitch use in adults with profound multiple impairments

Murphy, Kathleen; Saunders, Muriel D.; Saunders, Richard; Olswang, Lesley B.

doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2003.10.003

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Várias alternativas têm sido desenvolvidas para evitar esses problemas. Estudos sobre suporte e apoio para o trabalho de deficientes mentais (MURPHY et al, 2004) e ergonomia (GUIMARÃES, et al, 2002) têm desenvolvido arranjos instrucionais que são promissores para a promoção do desenvolvimento desses indivíduos. Arranjos instrucionais são alterações ambientais utilizadas em programas educativos com o intuito principal de prover assistência imediata, aumentar ou manter a freqüência do comportamento e prevenir erros na rotina da tarefa (SAUNDERS; SAUNDERS; MARQUIS, 1998).…”

Section: Escolha E Desempenho No Trabalhounclassified

Escolha e desempenho no trabalho de adultos com deficiência mental

Escobal

Araújo

Goyos

2005

Rev. bras. educ. espec.

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O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar o comportamento de escolha de adultos com deficiência mental sob duas condições de trabalho com e sem arranjo instrucional e avaliar a influência da situação de escolha sobre parâmetros de desempenho nessas condições. Três adultos com deficiência mental aprenderam, inicialmente, uma tarefa de trabalho com e sem o referido arranjo, através de técnicas de controle de estímulos, modelagem e esvanecimento, e instruções verbais. O arranjo, desenvolvido para a tarefa específica de trabalho, contém dispositivos para colocação de papel picado, fundo de capas de bloco de anotações e cola. Seus objetivos específicos foram prover assistência imediata; aumentar ou manter a freqüência do comportamento e prevenir erros na rotina da tarefa. A estratégia experimental consistiu de cinco fases: ensino da tarefa (em grupo), pré-treino (em grupo), treino individualizado (com e sem arranjo instrucional), treino para escolha, e avaliação sob extinção. Os resultados mostraram que a introdução do arranjo instrucional diminuiu o tempo de realização da tarefa e a média de erros durante a execução da mesma. Pode-se afirmar que o arranjo instrucional permitiu maior controle dos participantes sobre a situação de trabalho e, aliado à oportunidade de escolha, possibilitou que trabalhassem mais estimulados e com maior independência.

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Section: Escolha E Desempenho No Trabalhounclassified

Escolha e desempenho no trabalho de adultos com deficiência mental

Escobal

Araújo

Goyos

2005

Rev. bras. educ. espec.

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“…Approach response was defined by Pace, Ivancic, Edwards, Iwata, and Page (1985) as making a voluntary body or hand movement toward a stimulus, whereas in their definition included touching an item or playing with it. Because most students with PMD are unable to reach or grasp objects (Murphy, Saunders, Saunders, & Olswang, 2004), Spevack, Yu, Lee, and Martin (2006) measured what they described as passive approach (e.g., looking at or orienting toward the stimulus, smiling, or laughing) when conducting stimulus preference and reinforcer assessments with students with PMD.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Computer-Based Preferences of Students With Profound Multiple Disabilities

Mechling

Bishop

2009

J Spec Educ

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This article reports on two studies investigating the use of computer-based stimuli that may then be used to develop activities and programming for students with profound multiple disabilities (PMD). Both studies used an alternating treatments design and systematic assessment strategy to present stimuli sequentially and to measure student responses to the varying computer-based stimuli. Study 1 compared student preferences for computer-based stimuli (individualized video programs and commercially available cause-and-effect software), which were then used in Study 2 to compare student preferences for stimuli presented on a traditional computer-based system and a large interactive whiteboard. Results support use of computer-based stimuli and video-based stimuli that may be used in the development and implementation of educational programs for students with PMD.

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“…Persons with multiple disabilities (including profound motor impairment) are often unable to interact with their environment and control stimulation opportunities due to very limited response skills (Saunders, Questad, Kedziorski, Boase, Patterson, & Cullinan, 2001;Holburn, Nguyen, & Vietze, 2004;Murphy, Saunders, Saunders, & Olswang, 2004). This condition (a) makes them look passive and largely dependent, (b) reduces their opportunities of constructive engagement and choice, and thus (c) hinders their prospects of personal development as well as their social image and quality of life (Reid, Phillips, & Green, 1991;Ivancic & Bailey, 1996;Lancioni, O'Reilly, & Basili, 2001;Schalock, Brown, Brown, Cummins, Felce, Matikka, Keith, & Parmenter, 2002).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microswitch-Based Programs for Persons with Multiple Disabilities: An Overview of Some Recent Developments

Lancioni

O’Reilly

Singh³

et al. 2008

Percept Mot Skills

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Persons with multiple disabilities are often unable to interact with their environment due to their limited response repertoire. Microswitch programs are designed to help them control environmental events, generally preferred stimulation, through simple (feasible) responses. To make microswitch programs a more widely usable and relevant resource for intervention with these persons, a number of new developments were pursued in recent years. This paper examines three of those developments as specifically addressed in our research activity, namely, (a) assessment of new, nontypical responses and matching microswitches, (b) fostering of multiple responses and exercise of choice, and (c) targeting of habilitative and clinical (therapeutic) objectives. The encouraging outcomes of these developments are reviewed in relation to their potentially wide implications for daily practice and the need of additional developments in the area.

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Effects of ambient stimuli on measures of behavioral state and microswitch use in adults with profound multiple impairments

Cited by 25 publications

References 19 publications

Escolha e desempenho no trabalho de adultos com deficiência mental

Escolha e desempenho no trabalho de adultos com deficiência mental

Assessment of Computer-Based Preferences of Students With Profound Multiple Disabilities

Microswitch-Based Programs for Persons with Multiple Disabilities: An Overview of Some Recent Developments

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