“…Solid catalysts are used in a wide range of applications, such as steam reforming (Nichele et al, 2012;Bej et al, 2014), vehicle emissions control (Chen et al, 2018), ammonia synthesis (Zhou et al, 2013), Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (Louyot et al, 2018;Xu et al, 2020) and hydrogenation processes (Jadhav et al, 2014;Segobia et al, 2019;Li et al, 2020) to name a few. Such catalysts usually have a porous structure to maximise their surface area per unit of reactor volume (Sosna et al, 2020).…”