Effects of aerobic training and resistance training in reducing cardiovascular disease risk for patients with prediabetes: A multi-center randomized controlled trial

Chen, Xue; Zhao, Songqing; Hsue, Cunyi; Dai, Xin; Liu, Lin; Miller, Joshua D.; Fang, Zhaohui; Feng, Jitao; Huang, Yong; Wang, Xindong; Lou, Qingqing

doi:10.1016/j.pcd.2021.08.013

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…All aerobic training was performed under supervised conditions. Modes of training include aerobic dance ( 14 , 19 – 21 , 24 , 25 ), treadmill running ( 15 , 26 ), walking ( 15 , 22 ), and mixed aerobic exercise ( 23 ). In nine studies, exercise intensity was reported as maximum heart rate (HRmax), maximum heart rate reserve (HRRmax), or heart rate reserve (HRR) with a median intensity and range of 65% (50%-75%).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of aerobic exercises in prediabetes patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Wang

Yang

et al. 2023

Front. Endocrinol.

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AimsTo evaluate the effects of different durations of continuous aerobic exercise on prediabetic patients.Materials and methodsThe research encompassed randomized controlled trials that examined how various durations of aerobic exercise training affected outcomes related to Body Mass Index (BMI), Fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2-hour plasma glucose (2hPG), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in individuals diagnosed with prediabetes. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched as of January 7, 2023. The Cochrane Risk of Bias, version 2 (ROB 2) tool was used to assess the risk of bias.ResultsA total of 10 RCTs with 815 prediabetic patients were included. The average age of the participants was 56.1 years, with a standard deviation of 5.1 years. Among the participants, 39.2% were male. The interventions consisted of aerobic dance, treadmill running, walking, and a combination of aerobic exercises. The training sessions occurred three or four times per week. In prediabetic patients, aerobic exercise demonstrated a significant reduction in BMI compared to the control group, with a weighted mean difference (WMD) of -1.44 kg/m2 (95% confidence interval [CI] -1.89, -0.98). There was a decrease in FBG levels, with WMD of -0.51 mmol/L (95% CI -0.70, -0.32). Additionally, aerobic training led to significant improvements in 2hPG levels, with a WMD of -0.76 mmol/L (95% CI -1.14, -0.38). Furthermore, prediabetic patients showed a decrease in HbA1c levels after engaging in aerobic training compared to the control group, with a WMD of -0.34% (95% CI -0.45, -0.23).ConclusionIn summary, engaging in aerobic exercise can have a significant positive impact on glycemic levels in individuals with prediabetes. It can also lead to reductions in BMI, FBG, 2hPG, HbA1c, and other relevant indicators. The extent of these improvements may vary slightly depending on the duration of the aerobic exercise intervention.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42023395515.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seven out of the ten included studies reported BMI indicators ( 14 , 15 , 20 – 23 , 25 ). The combined analysis revealed a significant difference in BMI between the aerobic exercise group and the control group (WMD=-1.44 kg/m 2 , 95%CI -1.89, -0.98, I 2 = 44%, P <0.001).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of aerobic exercises in prediabetes patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Wang

Yang

et al. 2023

Front. Endocrinol.

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“…These pathways comprise promoting mitochondrial biosynthesis and attenuating insulin resistance through activation of the AMPK/PGC-1α (Proliferator-activated receptor ɤ coactivator-α) pathway ( 81 ); inhibiting nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) expression, reducing the levels of inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), exerting its anti-inflammatory effect ( 81 , 82 ); stimulating the antioxidant mediator, nuclear erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2), thereby enhancing the expression of glutathione to counteract oxidative stress caused by diabetes ( 83 , 84 ); increasing the levels of galanin peptide and gene expression significantly to accelerate GLUT4 translocation and glucose uptake in myocytes and adipocytes ( 85 ). Finally, physical activity contracts skeletal muscle, enhances Ca 2+ influx, increases osteocalcin, and boosts capillary flow to raise GLUT 4 translocation in the cell membrane, thereby promoting glucose uptake by muscle cells ( 72 ). During this process, regulation of adiponectin, visfatin, omentin-1 and leptin increases fatty acid release from adipocytes and fatty acid oxidation capacity, thereby increasing insulin sensitivity, minimizing lipid deposition in blood vessels, reducing visceral fat weight and reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease ( 86 , 87 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise training modalities in prediabetes: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Zhang,

Guo,

Hua

et al. 2024

Front. Endocrinol.

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BackgroundLifestyle modification based on exercise intervention is still the primary way to delay or reverse the development of diabetes in patients with prediabetes. However, there are still challenges in setting up a detailed exercise prescription for people with prediabetes. This study mainly ranks exercise prescriptions by comparing the improvement of glucose and lipid metabolism and the level of weight loss in patients.MethodAll studies on exercise intervention in prediabetes were identified by searching five electronic databases. Risk assessment and meta-analysis were performed on eligible studies.ResultsTwenty-four studies involving 1946 patients with prediabetes and seven exercise intervention models were included in the final analysis. The meta-analysis showed that exercise of any type was more effective for glycemic control in prediabetes than no exercise. However, the changes in blood glucose were moderate. In prediabetes, combining moderate-intensity aerobic exercise with low-to moderate-load resistance training showed the most significant improvements in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), body mass index (BMI), body weight (BW), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) (P-score=0.82; 0.70; 0.87; 1; 0.99), low-to moderate-load resistance training showed the most significant improvements in fasting blood glucose (FBG) (P-score=0.98), the vigorous-intensity aerobic exercise showed the most significant improvements in 2-hour post-meal blood glucose (2hPG) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) (P-score=0.79; 0.78), and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise showed the most significant improvements in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (P-score=0.78).ConclusionIn summary, moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, low-to moderate-load resistance training and the combination of both have beneficial effects on glycemic control, weight loss, and cardiovascular health in patients with prediabetes. These findings provide valuable guidance for rehabilitation clinicians and patients alike to follow.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD 42021284922.

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“…The current study extended previous studies by reporting a novel finding that lower HGS among participants free of any cardiometabolic disease was associated with a higher risk of CM. Many previous studies have found inverse correlations of HGS with risks of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes [ 18 , 30 – 33 ], and muscle strengthening exercise for improving physical fitness, which is correlated with HGS, has been considered as a cost-effective prevention strategy for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes [ 34 – 36 ]. Using data from the UK Biobank, Carlos et al reported a negative dose–response relationship between HGS and the risk of cardiovascular disease, and the HRs (95% CIs) were 1.15 (1.13–1.17) increased for women and 1.11 (1.10–1.12) increased for men per 5 kg lower HGS, respectively [ 18 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of handgrip strength with morbidity and all-cause mortality of cardiometabolic multimorbidity

Ferrari

et al. 2022

BMC Med

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Background Cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CM) is an increasing public health and clinical concern. However, predictors for the development and prognosis of CM are poorly understood. The aims of this study were to investigate the relation between handgrip strength (HGS) and the risk of CM and to examine the association of HGS with all-cause mortality risk among patients with CM. Methods This prospective cohort study involved 493,774 participants from the UK Biobank. CM was defined as the simultaneous occurrence of two or more of the following conditions: type 2 diabetes, stroke, and coronary heart disease (CHD). Cox proportional hazards models were performed to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Results During a median follow-up of 12.1 years, 4701 incident CM cases were documented among participants with none cardiometabolic disease at baseline. Compared with the fourth quartile (Q4), the multivariable adjusted HR (95% CI) value of Q1 of HGS for developing CM was 1.46 (1.34–1.60). In participants with one cardiometabolic disease at baseline, participants in Q1 of HGS also possessed higher risk of CM than those in Q4, with HRs (95% CIs) being 1.35 (1.23–1.49) in patients with type 2 diabetes, 1.23 (1.04–1.46) in patients with stroke, and 1.23 (1.11–1.36) in patients with CHD. For participants with CM at recruitment, HGS was also associated with the risk of all-cause mortality (Q1 vs. Q4 HR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.36–1.80). Conclusions Our study provided novel evidence that HGS could be an independent predictor of morbidity and all-cause mortality of CM.

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Effects of aerobic training and resistance training in reducing cardiovascular disease risk for patients with prediabetes: A multi-center randomized controlled trial

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

Effects of aerobic exercises in prediabetes patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Effects of aerobic exercises in prediabetes patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Exercise training modalities in prediabetes: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Associations of handgrip strength with morbidity and all-cause mortality of cardiometabolic multimorbidity

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