Effects of aerobic, resistance, and combined exercise training on insulin resistance markers in overweight or obese children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Marson, Elisa Corrêa; Delevatti, Rodrigo Sudatti; Prado, Alexandre Konig Garcia; Netto, Nathalie de Souza; Kruel, Luiz Fernando Martins

doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.10.020

Cited by 100 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Corroborating these results, Marson et al (2016) observed that physical training in general was not associated with a reduction in fasting blood glucose levels, but rather was associated with reductions in fasting insulin levels, a variable not analyzed in the current study. In addition, other lifestyle factors (e.g., age, sex, diet, smoking, drinking and obesity; Bogl et al, 2019) are responsible for modifying these variables.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Metabolic Profile and Body Composition in Twins Concordant and Discordant for Physical Exercise

et al. 2020

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in the metabolic profile and body composition of monozygotic (MZ) twins concordant and discordant for the practice of physical exercise. The sample consisted of 92 MZ twins (72.5% female and 27.5% male, mean age 25.4 ± 5.69 years), registered with the Brazilian Registry of Twins, residing in Natal, Brazil. Data collection was carried out between the years 2016 and 2018. On day 1, subjects underwent a whole-body fitness evaluation, including measures of weight, height, body composition by Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry and the Cardiorespiratory Exercise Test. On day 2, 10 ml blood samples were collected (overnight fasting) to determine the lipid profile and fasting glucose. The sample was separated into three groups: Active Concordant twins (Concordant A, n = 44 subjects), Inactive Concordant twins (Concordant I, n = 22 subjects) and Discordant pairs for Physical Exercise (Discordant PE, n = 26 subjects). The results demonstrated a difference between the discordant twins for exercise and also between the active versus sedentary groups, indicating a causal effect of exercise on the fat percentage, maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) and second ventilatory threshold variables. Between groups, a difference was also observed between the groups in ventilatory threshold, very low-density lipoprotein and triglycerides. We concluded that, regardless of genetics, the practice of physical exercise was sufficient to generate alterations in body composition and VO2max in MZ twins, but not in the lipid profile or fasting glucose.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Metabolic Profile and Body Composition in Twins Concordant and Discordant for Physical Exercise

et al. 2020

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“…Increased physical performance has a relationship with metabolism improvement (Tomlin & Wenger, ), insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake by muscle tissue (Schrauwen & van Marken Lichtenbelt, ); it also has evidence of increased fat tissue mobilization (Marson et al . ). In agreement with our data, previous studies with treadmill running have also detected improvements in physical performance in male rats (Lambertucci et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Moderate exercise training since adolescence reduces Walker 256 tumour growth in adult rats

Moreira

Almeida

Franco

et al. 2019

The Journal of Physiology

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Key pointsr Cancer growth, cell proliferation and cachexia index can be attenuated by the beneficial programming effect of moderate exercise training, especially if it begins in adolescence.r Walker 256 tumour-bearing rats who started exercise training during adolescence did not revert the basal low glycaemia and insulinaemia observed before tumour cell inoculation.r The moderate exercise training improved glucose tolerance and peripheral insulin sensitivity only in rats exercised early in adolescence.r The chronic effects of our exercise protocol are be beneficial to prevent cancer cachexia and hold clear potential as a nonpharmacological therapy of insulin sensitization.Veridiana Mota Moreira has worked in higher education as an effective member of a research ethics committee, a co-ordinator of physical activity and health research laboratories, an editor and reviewer in major scientific journals, a professor in Physical Education, and in Nursing, Biology and Physiotherapy Degree Courses. She has supervised and co-ordinated monographs and internships in Physical Education. She has participated in a high-performance soccer team as a physiologist. She participates in the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) research group at the Laboratory of Cellular Biology of Secretion co-ordinated by Paulo Cezar de Freitas Mathias. In the future, she intends to study the application of molecular biology techniques associated with cancer, aiming to understand the multiplicity of cellular networks involved in the response to physical training, providing mechanisms by which the muscular system communicates with other organs, and mediating the beneficial effects of physical exercise related to health at different ages. * These authors contributed equally to this work. AbstractWe tested the hypothesis that moderate exercise training, performed early, starting during adolescence or later in life during adulthood, can inhibit tumour cell growth as a result of changes in biometric and metabolic markers. Male rats that were 30 and 70 days old performed a treadmill running protocol over 8 weeks for 3 days week -1 , 44 min day -1 and at 55-65%V O 2 max . After the end of training, a batch of rats was inoculated with Walker 256 carcinoma cells. At 15 days after carcinoma cell inoculation, the tumour was weighed and certain metabolic parameters were evaluated. The data demonstrated that physical performance was better in rats that started exercise training during adolescence according to the final workload andV O 2 max . Early or later moderate exercise training decreased the cachexia index, cell proliferation and tumour growth; however, the effects were more pronounced in rats that exercised during adolescence. Low glycaemia, insulinaemia and tissue insulin sensitivity was not reverted in Walker 256 tumour-bearing rats who trained during adolescence. Cancer growth can be attenuated by the beneficial programming effect of moderate exercise training, especially if it begins during adolescence. In addition, improvement in glu...

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“…Thus, it might prevent type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. 21 Based on the previous study, it can be conclude that only dietetic intervention without physical exercise had no significant effect in reducing the IR in these subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Effects of low glycemic index diet on insulin resistance among obese adolescent with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled trial

et al. 2019

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BACKGROUND Obesity is strongly correlated with insulin resistance (IR) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Some studies suggest that dietary intake with low glycemic index (GI) may prevent IR and reduce the incidences of NAFLD. This study was aimed to determine the effects of low GI diet on IR among obese adolescents with NAFLD. METHODS This study was a randomized controlled trial conducted in two JuniorHigh Schools in Semarang, Indonesia. The subjects were 12–14 years obese students with NAFLD, which divided into intervention and control groups according to schools using block random allocation. The intervention group received nutrition education and lunch diet (low energy, low GI, and low fat); meanwhile, the control group only received nutrition education for 12 weeks. The biochemical evaluation included fasting blood glucose (FBG) and insulin levels. IR was assessed using homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). RESULTS Thirty-two subjects were enrolled in this study, 16 of which were assigned to the intervention group and the other to the control group. After 12 weeks, the energy and carbohydrate intake reduced in the intervention group (p < 0.05), FBG remained unchanged, and HOMA-IR increased (4.9 [3.7]–7.2 [3.5]) compared to the control group (6.4 [4.9]–5.5 [2.8]) (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, within the control group, there were no significant differences in the energy and carbohydrate intake as well as biochemical variables. CONCLUSIONS Low GI modification diet alone may not reduce IR in the obeseadolescents with NAFLD.

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Effects of aerobic, resistance, and combined exercise training on insulin resistance markers in overweight or obese children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 100 publications

References 31 publications

Metabolic Profile and Body Composition in Twins Concordant and Discordant for Physical Exercise

Metabolic Profile and Body Composition in Twins Concordant and Discordant for Physical Exercise

Moderate exercise training since adolescence reduces Walker 256 tumour growth in adult rats

Effects of low glycemic index diet on insulin resistance among obese adolescent with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled trial

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