Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Rats with Hyperandrogenic Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Li, Na; Yang, Chenghao; Xie, Hai; Liu, Ying‐Hong; Yuan-peng, Liao

doi:10.1155/2021/5561980

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…It has been suggested that high leptin in PCOS may interfere with the development of the mature oocyte and ovarian steroidogenesis, contributing to ovulatory dysfunction and infertility ( 20 , 21 ). Moreover, hyperleptinemia may interact with hyperandrogenemia and chronic low-grade inflammation in PCOS, forming a vicious circle in PCOS ( 22 ). Collectively, these findings indicate that leptin might play a role in the occurrence and development of PCOS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These observations suggest that androgens may be involved in the pathogenesis of elevated serum leptin levels, and that leptin may further aggravate the PCOS phenotype, as a secondary response to the increase in the androgen levels. High leptin levels can inhibit aromatase activity, which is a key enzyme in the conversion of androgens to estradiol, further aggravating hyperandrogenemia, which affects follicle growth and development, resulting in ovulation dysfunction ( 22 ). These findings suggest that the mechanism of leptin involvement in PCOS pathology is related to androgen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elevated Serum Leptin Levels as a Predictive Marker for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

et al. 2022

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BackgroundLeptin may have important implications in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)-related metabolic disorders. However, the changes in serum leptin levels in patients with PCOS and its predictive value for PCOS remain obscure. We intend to analyze the association between leptin and PCOS in this study.Materials and MethodsThe study comprised 89 patients with PCOS and 139 individuals without PCOS. Each group was stratified as either normal- or hyper-fasting serum insulin (FSI), and lean or overweight/obese; and the patients were further categorized as normal- or hyper-androgenic. The validity of leptin toward the diagnosis of PCOS, or leptin combined with total testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), and free testosterone was estimated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and correlations between paired variables was estimated by Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Associations between the clinical and metabolic variables and PCOS were analyzed via logistic regression.ResultsThe serum leptin levels of patients with PCOS were significantly higher than that of the control, and especially the PCOS in hyper-FSI, hyperandrogenimic and overweight/obese subgroups. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of leptin was 74%, with cutoff value, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) 11.58 ng/mL, 77.5%, 62.6%, 57.0%, and 81.3%, respectively. Combined leptin and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) had the highest AUC (92.3%), excellent sensitivity (93.3%), moderate specificity (78.3%), PPV (73.5%) and NPV (94.8%). Serum leptin levels of the patients were correlated with the FSI, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), body mass index (BMI), and total testosterone levels. Elevated serum leptin was associated with a high risk of PCOS [P = 0.015; OR (95% CI) 1.128 (1.024–1.244)].ConclusionSubstantially elevated serum leptin is significantly associated with PCOS. These findings warrant further investigations into the function of leptin in the pathogenesis of PCOS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated Serum Leptin Levels as a Predictive Marker for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

et al. 2022

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“…This may suggest that Leptin resistance in PCOS patients may be possibly mediated by Sam68, an RNA-binding protein that is widely expressed in the body and has signaling functions ( 81 ). A study aiming to illustrate the effects of aerobic exercise on PCOS rats with HA showed the effect of Leptin on inflammation in PCOS ( 82 ). In this study, the researchers divided the study subjects into normal control group with or without aerobic exercise and PCOS group with and without aerobic exercise (called NC, EC, PC, and PE group, respectively), and they were surprised to find that levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and Leptin were reduced in the PE group compared to the PC group.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, they speculated that aerobic exercise improved the inflammatory status of PCOS by reducing Leptin resistance. Aerobic exercise reduces internal inflammation by reducing Leptin resistance ( 82 ), and high-intensity interval training (HIT) reduces circulating Leptin levels in obese women and adolescents (both men and women) with risk factors for type 2 diabetes ( 83 , 84 ). But things change when it comes to the obese PCOS ( 85 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress of Adipokines in the Female Reproductive System: A Focus on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

et al. 2022

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Adipose tissue, one type of loose connective tissue in the human body, maintains the primary task of energy storage. Adipose tissue is not only an energy reservoir but also plays a vital role as the largest endocrine organ of the whole body via releasing a variety of adipokines, which participate in many pathophysiological processes, such as energy metabolism regulation, glucose and lipid metabolism, and inflammation. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a disorder that mainly involves the female reproductive system, affecting women of childbearing age particularly. Insulin resistance (IR) and hyperandrogenemia (HA) have been implicated as a critical link involving the etiology and outcome of PCOS. A great deal of studies has bridged the gap between adipokines (such as Adiponectin, Chemerin, Metrnl, Apelin, Resistin, Visfatin, Leptin, Vaspin, Lipocalin 2, and Omentin) and reproductive fitness. In this review, we will focus on the adipokines’ functions on PCOS and come up with some points of view on the basis of current research.

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“…These changes correlated with a reduced serum leptin and the ratio of leptin to high-molecular-weight adiponectin [ 155 ]. Regarding exercise effects on hormonal outcomes, in murine models, a 15-day aerobic training has proved to be useful in decreasing inflammation and restoring the hormonal balance acting on levels of leptin, testosterone, estradiol, FSH, AMH, TNF-α, IL-6 and free fatty acids (FFA) [ 156 ]. Exercise positively affects the hormonal profile also in women: both continuous and intermittent aerobic training have been demonstrated to be useful in reducing circulating levels of testosterone as well as obesity parameters [ 157 ].…”

Section: Exercise Interventions In Pcos Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic and Molecular Mechanisms of Diet and Physical Exercise in the Management of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

et al. 2022

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine systemic disorder mainly characterized by a hormonal and metabolic disbalance that leads to oligo/anovulation, hyperandrogenism and the formation of ovarian cysts. Despite the progress that has been reached in its diagnosis and management, little is known about the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways underlying the pathogenic mechanisms. In this sense, recent research has suggested that the influence of multiple factors, including age, environment, lifestyle and the disease state environment can change the clinical presentation of PCOS via epigenetic modifications. Variants in the genes encoding for proteins involved in steroidogenesis and glucose homeostasis play a crucial role in the development of the disease. Other genes involved in inflammation and cell proliferation seem to undergo an epigenetic control. Moreover, lifestyle factors influence the PCOS course and prognosis, including diet and physical activity, which are fundamental in reducing oxidative stress, inflammation and in improving metabolic and hormonal parameters. In the present review, literature evidence on molecular and epigenetic mechanisms related to PCOS etiology will be discussed, with a particular attention on the positive influence of diet and physical activity as nonpharmacological ways of intervention in the management of the disease.

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Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Rats with Hyperandrogenic Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Cited by 11 publications

References 58 publications

Elevated Serum Leptin Levels as a Predictive Marker for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Elevated Serum Leptin Levels as a Predictive Marker for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Progress of Adipokines in the Female Reproductive System: A Focus on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Metabolic and Molecular Mechanisms of Diet and Physical Exercise in the Management of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

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