Effects of aerial applications of cypermethrin and demeton-S-methyl on nontarget arthropods of wheat

Shires, S.W.

doi:10.1016/0147-6513(85)90002-8

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Similar findings have been recorded in previous studies using other pyrethroids (e.g. Inglesfield, 1984;Shires, 1985;Poehling, 1987;Smart et al, 1989). The application of the reduced insecticide concentration resulted in smaller initial reductions of parasitoid numbers, presumably due to lower residual toxicities on crop foliage, permitting a greater degree of survival and re-invasion of parasitoids, compared to the full-rate treatment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Inglesfield, 1984;Shires, 1985;Poehling, 1987;Smart et al, 1989). Similar findings have been recorded in previous studies using other pyrethroids (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Of these, field studies prove the most representative of the 'real world'. Previous field studies with aphid parasitoids (e.g., Ba-Angood & Stewart, 1980;Inglesfield, 1984;Powell et al, 1985;Shires, 1985;Fischer & Chambon, 1987;Poehling, 1987;Smart et al, 1989) have used small plot sizes (0.0004 to 2 ha), and different pesticides and sampling techniques, thereby making general conclusions difficult. However, the scale of experimental treatments often does not simulate the area of commercial treatment, which may exceed several square kilometres of contiguous fields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite these studies, scale-dependent factors in determining the extent of pesticide effects upon parasitic wasps within the Braconidae family remain unresolved. Previous field studies with aphid parasitoids (e.g., Ba-Angood & Stewart, 1980;Inglesfield, 1984;Powell et al, 1985;Shires, 1985;Fischer & Chambon, 1987;Poehling, 1987;Smart et al, 1989) have used small plot sizes (0.0004 to 2 ha), and different pesticides and sampling techniques, thereby making general conclusions difficult.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporal and spatial changes in aphid and parasitoid populations following applications of deltamethrin in winter wheat

Longley

Jepson

Izquierdo³

et al. 1997

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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The spatial and temporal effects of the pyrethroid insecticide, deltamethrin, on populations of cereal aphids and their primary parasitoids and hyperparasitoids were investigated in a large scale field experiment in winter wheat. Four hectare plots were treated at the recommended field concentration or a reduced concentration representing one twentieth of field rate. A control plot was left unsprayed. Invertebrate populations were sampled at sites within a grid layout covering the whole plots, enabling the use of geostatistical analysis. Hymenopteran populations were monitored using transparent sticky traps and suction sampling. Aphid populations were recorded by visual counts. Monitoring continued for 36 days after treatment. The full rate deltamethrin treatment resulted in initial reductions of aphid populations by 78%. Primary parasitoid and hyperparasitoid populations were reduced in suction samples by 90% and 47% respectively, when corrected for control fluctuations. The reduced deltamethrin concentration caused reductions of aphid, primary parasitoid and hyperparasitoid populations of 40, 60 and 54% respectively. Aphid population recovery over the full rate plot occurred slowly and in a 'patchy' manner following treatment. No significant reinvasion gradients were detected. Aphid population density recovered more rapidly in the reduced rate treatment; with initial evidence for increased densities at the plot centre. Significant patterns of reinvasion were initially detected for both groups of Hymenoptera in the full rate treatment, suggesting that reinvasion of the sprayed area was taking place from untreated surrounding reservoirs. It was concluded that experiments that examine pesticide impacts within small plots will lead to underestimates of effects on dispersive groups including parasitic Hymenoptera.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Inglesfield, 1984;Shires, 1985;Poehling, 1987;Smart et al, 1989). Similar findings have been recorded in previous studies using other pyrethroids (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Temporal and spatial changes in aphid and parasitoid populations following applications of deltamethrin in winter wheat

Longley

Jepson

Izquierdo³

et al. 1997

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Spatial variation in non-target effects of the insecticides chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin and pirimicarb on Collembola in winter wheat

Frampton

1999

Pestic. Sci.

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Contiguous winter wheat fields of similar cropping history and soil type were used in a study of the responses of Collembola to summer sprays of cypermethrin and pirimicarb in southern England. Chlorpyrifos was included in the study as a toxic standard. Epigeic arthropods were captured by suction sampling and crop‐inhabiting species obtained by dissecting wheat ears. Eight genera of Collembola responded significantly to the insecticide treatments. Collembolan abundance decreased after chlorpyrifos was applied but increased after use of cypermethrin. Negative effects of cypermethrin and pirimicarb on Collembola were not detected in this study. Effects of chlorpyrifos varied spatially as a result of faunal heterogeneity among the fields, despite apparent homogeneity of the site. Some species known to be susceptible to chlorpyrifos were absent from one or more of the fields. The implications of these findings for the interpretation of non‐target pesticide effects and the potential use of Collembola as bioindicators in field studies with pesticides are discussed. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry

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Pyrethroids and terrestrial non‐target organisms

Inglesfield

1989

Pestic. Sci.

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A B S T R A C TThe discovery and development of the pyrethroid insecticides represents u major advance in the techniques of crop protection and disease vector control. These compounds combine outstanding eficacy against a broad spectrum of noxious insects with low toxicity to birds and mammals. This paper considers the effects of pyrethroids on other components of the terrestriul non-target fauna, with particular reference to effects on 'beneficial' orgunisms, including natural pest-control agents, pollinators, and orgunisms responsible for the maintenance of soil structure and fertility. This paper uses laboratory und field data to identify which groups of organisms may be potentially ut risk from the use of pyrethroids, and draws on extensive field data to consider the signijcance of such hazards under conditions of normal use. Emphasis will be placed throughout on the evaluation of these compounds under pructical conditions, including both crop and non-crop usuges. Limitations to, and opportunities for, the use of pyrethroids ure discussed, und the potential for jiirther development is considered.

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Effects of aerial applications of cypermethrin and demeton-S-methyl on nontarget arthropods of wheat

Cited by 9 publications

References 20 publications

Temporal and spatial changes in aphid and parasitoid populations following applications of deltamethrin in winter wheat

Temporal and spatial changes in aphid and parasitoid populations following applications of deltamethrin in winter wheat

Spatial variation in non-target effects of the insecticides chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin and pirimicarb on Collembola in winter wheat

Pyrethroids and terrestrial non‐target organisms

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