Effects of adsorption on detergency phenomena: I

Schwuger, M. J.

doi:10.1007/bf02546350

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Microscopic observation of the dynamic phenomena accompanying contact of liquid crystal phases with hydrocarbon has indicated that these structures solubilize large quantities of oil and also promote the formation of oil-rich microemulsion phases (7). This finding of enhanced detergent activity at the PIT contradicts the conclusion of some studies that washing above the cloud point is generally undesirable (8,9).…”

contrasting

confidence: 83%

The effect of polar soil components on the phase inversion temperature and optimum detergency conditions

Raney

Benson

1990

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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Previously reported results have shown that optimum removal of a hydrocarbon soil from polyester]cotton fabric occurs above the cloud point at the phase inversion temperature (PIT) of nonionic surfactant/water/soil systems. Through comparison of phase behavior measurements to radiotracer detergency studies using model sebum soils, i.e., cetane/oleyl alcohol and cetane/oleic acid blends, the relevance of the PIT for removal of nonpolar/polar soil mixtures has also been demonstrated. For these soils, the PIT is typically below the cloud point, and the highest level of soil removal is found between the PIT and cloud point rather than only at the PIT. This relatively temperature-insensitive soil removal is attributed to the preferential solubilization of polar soil components which continually changes the composition of the residual soil during the washing cycle. These findings explain the long-observed results that 4-to 5-EO alcohol ethoxylates are preferred for the removal of nonpolar soils while 6-to 9-EO ethoxylates are the more effective surfactants for sebum soils.

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contrasting

confidence: 83%

The effect of polar soil components on the phase inversion temperature and optimum detergency conditions

Raney

Benson

1990

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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“…Surfactant adsorption is a primary step for the mechanisms of particulate soil detergency. These induce interfacial tension reduction, adjustment of the electrical potential at the surfaces considered as the precondition of soil detachment, and the enhancement of dispersion stability of detached particulates [34,35]. The surfactant adsorption isotherms are generally expressed based on the surface area of a dry substrate.…”

Section: Surfactant Adsorption Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanistic Studies of Particulate Soil Detergency: II: Hydrophilic Soil Removal

Rojvoranun

Chavadej

Sabatini

2012

J Surfact & Detergents

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In this work, the removal mechanism of kaolinite and ferric oxide (model hydrophilic particulate soils) from hydrophilic (cotton) and hydrophobic (polyester) fabrics was studied using three surfactant types: sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), octylphenol ethoxylate (OP(EO)10), and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). This work investigated the relations between zeta potential, surfactant adsorption, contact angle, solid/liquid spreading pressure, and dispersion stability in washing solutions as compared to detergency performance and antiredeposition as a function of surfactant concentration and pH level. The SDS showed the best detergency for both particulate soils, followed by OP(EO)10, with CTAB being the least effective surfactant. For SDS, the electrostatic repulsion between fabric and soil was found to be the dominant force for hydrophilic particulate soil removal. For the nonionic surfactant OP(EO)10, electrostatics are also important and steric effects aid particulate soil detergency. Electrostatic forces and solid/liquid interfacial tension reduction aids CTAB detergency. These same detergency mechanisms have previously been found for the case of hydrophobic soil removal from fabrics. Dispersion stability did not prove to be a dominant mechanism governing particulate soil detergency. From the SEM photos of soiled fabric, ferric oxide attaches to the fabric surface with no entrapment between fabric yarns; moreover, ferric oxide tends to form larger aggregates on cotton compared to polyester fabric. The adhesion of larger particles is hypothesized to be weaker than the smaller ones. Therefore ferric oxide can be more easily removed from cotton fabric than polyester. The SEM photos for kaolinite show little visual difference in particle agglomeration on polyester compared to cotton. Removal of kaolinite from cotton was found to be higher than from polyester, but there is less difference than for ferric oxide.

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“…Dies hat Auswirkungen beispielsweise auf Dispersionen von Feststoffen in Flüssigkeiten, [39] auf Wasch-und Reinigungsprozesse [40] und auf die Erzaufbereitung. [41] Die systematischen Abhängigkeiten der Adsorption von der Struktur nichtionischer Tenside speziell vom Ethylenoxidtyp wurde unter anderem in Lit.…”

Section: Grenzflächeneigenschaftenunclassified

Alkylpolyglycoside – Eigenschaften und Anwendungen einer neuen Tensidklasse

Rybinski

Hill

1998

Angewandte Chemie

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Effects of adsorption on detergency phenomena: I

Cited by 15 publications

References 12 publications

The effect of polar soil components on the phase inversion temperature and optimum detergency conditions

The effect of polar soil components on the phase inversion temperature and optimum detergency conditions

Mechanistic Studies of Particulate Soil Detergency: II: Hydrophilic Soil Removal

Alkylpolyglycoside – Eigenschaften und Anwendungen einer neuen Tensidklasse

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