Effects of additives on the synthesis of TiC N  by a solid-gas mechanically induced self-sustaining reaction

Chicardi, E.; Gotor, F.J.; Alcalá, M.D.; Córdoba, J.M.

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.01.179

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In the second case, the HEBM of exothermic powder mixtures leads to the initiation of a fast combustion reaction in a jar-a mechanically induced self-propagating reaction (MSR). With the appropriate synthesis parameters, MSR can be used to obtain single-phase complex compounds of carbonitrides as well as double and more complex carbides [19][20][21]. One advantage of the MSR synthesis method is the possibility for a precise morphology and structure control of the synthesized powders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hafnium-Zirconium Carbonitride (Hf,Zr)(C,N) by One Step Mechanically Induced Self-Sustaining Reaction: Powder Synthesis and Spark Plasma Sintering

et al. 2023

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Nanostructured single-phase hafnium-zirconium carbonitride powders were synthesized using a simple and fast mechanochemical synthesis approach. The critical milling duration, after which a (Hf,Zr)(C,N) solid solution formation inside a jar occurred via mechanically induced self-sustained reaction (MSR), was 10 min. After 30 min of treatment, a solid-gas reaction was completed, and as a result, a homogeneous (Hf,Zr)(C,N) powder consisting of 10–500 nm submicron particles was obtained. The phase and structure evolution of the powders after different treatment durations allowed for the establishment of possible reaction mechanisms, which included the formation of Hf/Zr/C-layered composite particles, their interaction via MSR, and further grinding and nitridization. Spark plasma sintering (SPS) was used to produce bulk hafnium-zirconium carbonitride ceramics from nanostructured powder. The sample had higher values of relative density, hardness, and fracture toughness than those for binary compounds of a similar composition.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hafnium-Zirconium Carbonitride (Hf,Zr)(C,N) by One Step Mechanically Induced Self-Sustaining Reaction: Powder Synthesis and Spark Plasma Sintering

et al. 2023

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“…Furthermore, the extent of reaction is limited by the contact area between the reactants and the reductant (carbon), which results in the unreacted carbon and titanium oxides existing in the product. 15 There are still various other methods to prepare titanium carbide, such as Mg-thermal reduction, 10,11,16 Ca-thermal reduction, 17 self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS), 18,19 mechanically induced self-sustaining reaction (MSR), 20,21 sol-gel process, 22 electrochemical reduction 23 and so on. But none of them has been used for commercial production so far.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Ti(C, O, N) from ilmenite at low temperature by a novel reducing and carbonitriding approach

et al. 2020

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Summary The clean and effective utilization of titanium‐bearing minerals has challenged the titanium industry all over the world. In order to realize the high‐efficiency, clean, and high value‐added comprehensive utilization of ilmenite concentrate, a novel process has been proposed in this study by reducing and carbonitriding ilmenite with the CH4‐N2‐H2 gas mixture at low temperature. Carbonitride performance and mechanism have been investigated experimentally and theoretically. The obtained results showed that the reaction process could be divided into three stages: formation of metallic iron, reduction of titanium oxide to titanium suboxides, and formation of Ti(C, O, N). The metallic iron congregated at the first two stages, but dispersed once the Ti(C, O, N) formed. The effects of both reaction temperature and preoxidation treatment on the reaction have been studied as well. It was found that the increase of temperature was conducive to the formation of Ti(C,O), and the ilmenite could be reduced completely to Ti(C,O) at 1170°C for 8 hours. The preoxidation treatment could improve the kinetics of reduction. At 1170°C, the introduction of N2 could apparently increase the reduction rate, with the complete reduction time decreasing from 8 hours in CH4‐H2 gas mixture to 3 hours in CH4‐N2‐H2 gas mixture. The proposed novel process has been assessed and it showed many potential advantages and feasibility.

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Synthesis of a cubic Ti(BCN) advanced ceramic by a solid-gas mechanochemical reaction

Chicardi

García-Garrido

Beltrán

et al. 2019

Ceramics International

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In this work, a titanium boron carbonitride advanced ceramic was successfully synthesised by a solid-gas mechanochemical reaction in a planetary ball mill from a mixture of elemental Ti, B, and C under nitrogen atmosphere. This material, with a general formula of Ti(BCN), exhibits a face-centred cubic structure (NaCl type) that is analogous to Ti(CN). This phase was gradually formed with sufficient milling time as a result of diffusional processes, which were permitted by the reduction of the energy in the system caused by the decrease in the spinning rate of the planetary ball mill. In contrast, under more energetic milling conditions, a mechanically induced selfsustaining reaction (MSR) took place, leading to the formation of a TiB 2-Ti(CN) ceramic composite. The microstructural characterisation revealed that Ti(BCN) was composed of ceramic particles constituted of misoriented nanocrystalline domains. B, C and N were optimally distributed in the Ti(BCN) phase. The TiB 2-Ti(CN) ceramic composite was composed of micrometric and nanometric particles homogeneously distributed. Additionally, the nitrogen content obtained for Ti(BCN) was higher than for the Ti(CN) phase in the composite material.

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Effects of additives on the synthesis of TiC N by a solid-gas mechanically induced self-sustaining reaction

Cited by 7 publications

References 48 publications

Hafnium-Zirconium Carbonitride (Hf,Zr)(C,N) by One Step Mechanically Induced Self-Sustaining Reaction: Powder Synthesis and Spark Plasma Sintering

Hafnium-Zirconium Carbonitride (Hf,Zr)(C,N) by One Step Mechanically Induced Self-Sustaining Reaction: Powder Synthesis and Spark Plasma Sintering

Synthesis of Ti(C, O, N) from ilmenite at low temperature by a novel reducing and carbonitriding approach

Synthesis of a cubic Ti(BCN) advanced ceramic by a solid-gas mechanochemical reaction

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