Effects of Adding Butyric Acid to PN on Gut‐Associated Lymphoid Tissue and Mucosal Immunoglobulin A Levels

Murakoshi, S.; Fukatsu, Kazuhiko; Omata, Jiro; Moriya, Tomoyuki; Noguchi, Midori; Saitoh, Daizoh; Koyama, Isamu

doi:10.1177/0148607110387610

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(77 reference statements)

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“…Interestingly, a reduction in butyrogenic bacteria has been shown in infectious and active inflammatory colitis versus healthy subjects, suggesting a role of intestinal dysbiosis and butyrate reduction in colitis development [22,23]. Butyrate has also been shown to ameliorate the impairment of mucosal immunity seen with total parenteral nutrition [24]. The trophic effect of mixed SCFAs (including acetate) has been shown to exceed that of butyrate alone [25], it is likely that these other SCFAs play an important role in colonic mucosal integrity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered fecal short chain fatty acid composition in children with a history of Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis

Demehri

Frykman

Cheng

et al. 2016

Journal of Pediatric Surgery

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Purpose Children with Hirschsprung disease (HD) who have a history of enterocolitis (HAEC) have a shift in colonic microbiota, many of which are necessary for short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production. As SCFAs play a critical role in colonic mucosal preservation, we hypothesized that fecal SCFA composition is altered in children with HAEC. Methods A multicenter study enrolled 18 HD children, abstracting for history of feeding, antibiotic/probiotic use, and enterocolitis symptoms. HAEC status was determined per Pastor et al. criteria (12). Fresh feces were collected for microbial community analysis via 16S sequencing as well as SCFA analysis by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Results Nine patients had a history of HAEC, and nine had never had HAEC. Fecal samples from HAEC children showed a 4-fold decline in total SCFA concentration vs. non-HAEC HD patients. We then compared the relative composition of individual SCFAs and found reduced acetate and increased butyrate in HAEC children. Finally, we measured relative abundance of SCFA-producing fecal microbiota. Interestingly, 10 of 12 butyrate-producing genera as well as 3 of 4 acetate-producing genera demonstrated multi-fold expansion. Conclusion Children with HAEC history have reduced fecal SCFAs and altered SCFA profile. These findings suggest a complex interplay between the colonic metabolome and changes in microbiota, which may influence the pathogenesis of HAEC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered fecal short chain fatty acid composition in children with a history of Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis

Demehri

Frykman

Cheng

et al. 2016

Journal of Pediatric Surgery

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“…Fermentation of prebiotics and carbohydrates within the colon produces short chain fatty acids which then support colonic enteroplasticity (Roy et al, 2006). Supplementation of total parental nutrition with short chain fatty acids (sodium acetate, propionate, butyrate) maintains intestinal mass in rats (Koruda et al, 1988); although not to the level of the chow-fed control animals (Murakoshi et al, 2011). With both amino acids and short chain fatty acids it is interesting that direct luminal nutrient exposure is not necessary to support intestinal morphology underscoring the integrative role of the intestine in physiological regulation.…”

Section: The Role Of Enteroplasticity In the Mechanisms Underlying Bamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Gut Adaptation in the Potent Effects of Multiple Bariatric Surgeries on Obesity and Diabetes

2015

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Summary Bariatric surgical procedures such as vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) are the most potent treatments available to produce sustained reductions in body weight and improvements in glucose regulation. While traditionally these effects are attributed to mechanical aspects of these procedures such as restriction and malabsorption, a growing body of evidence from mouse models of these procedures points to physiological changes that mediate the potent effects of these surgeries. In particular, there are similar changes in gut hormone secretion, bile acid levels and composition after both of these procedures. Moreover, loss-of-function of the nuclear bile acid receptor (FXR) greatly diminishes the effects of VSG. Both VSG and RYGB are linked to profound changes in the gut microbiome that also mediate at least some of these surgical effects. We hypothesize that surgical rearrangement of the gastrointestinal tract results in enteroplasticity caused by the high rate of nutrient presentation and altered pH in the small intestine that contribute to these physiological effects. Identifying the molecular underpinnings of these procedures provides new opportunities to understand the relationship of the gastrointestinal tract to obesity and diabetes as well as new therapeutic strategies to harness the effectiveness of surgery with less invasive approaches.

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“…A peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonist had the same effect as n-3 PUFAs [77]. Table 2 summarizes some interesting studies about the effects of PN and EN solutions to the immune system [78,79,80,81,82,83]. …”

Section: Composition Of Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Nutrition and Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Functionality

Anastasilakis¹,

Ioannidis

Gkiomisi

et al. 2013

Digestion

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The gastrointestinal tract has a major role in digestion and absorption of nutrients while playing a leading role in defense of the body. It forms a shield against the invasion of various microorganisms or their products (e.g. antigens, toxins) and therefore it is important to establish its integrity and functionality. That depends on the route of administration and the composition of the artificial nutrition. This study concentrates on the influences of different kinds of artificial nutrition in the functionality of the intestinal mucosal barriers. It seems that full macromolecular solutions of enteral nutrition ensure an adequate mucous immune response, while a lack of nutritional stimulus in the lumen leads rapidly to a dysfunction of gastric-associated lymphatic tissue and mucosal immune system. This dysfunction renders the patients susceptible to infections in distant organs, hospital pneumonia, and multiorgan failure of non-infectious etiology. In patients with indication of total parenteral nutrition administration, addition of bombesin or glutamine preserves mucosal immune response and may limit the adverse effects.

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Effects of Adding Butyric Acid to PN on Gut‐Associated Lymphoid Tissue and Mucosal Immunoglobulin A Levels

Abstract: Parenteral nutrition (PN) is indispensable for preventing malnutrition in patients who cannot tolerate enteral nutrition. However, absence of enteral delivery of nutrients results in impaired gut function. The present From the

Cited by 26 publications

References 41 publications

Altered fecal short chain fatty acid composition in children with a history of Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis

Altered fecal short chain fatty acid composition in children with a history of Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis

The Role of Gut Adaptation in the Potent Effects of Multiple Bariatric Surgeries on Obesity and Diabetes

Artificial Nutrition and Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Functionality

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