Altered fecal short chain fatty acid composition in children with a history of Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis

Demehri, Farokh R.; Frykman, Philip K.; Cheng, Zhi; Ruan, Chunhai; Wester, Tomas; Nordenskjöld, Agneta; Kawaguchi, Akemi L.; Hui, Thomas; Granström, Anna Löf; Funari, Vince; Teitelbaum, Daniel H.

doi:10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2015.10.012

Cited by 68 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It thus seems that fatty acid profile and abundance may be associated with the colitis-protective effects observed in this study. Reduction in SCFAs, and alteration of SCFA profile, are associated with multiple diseases featuring colitis including inflammatory bowel diseases 69 and Hirschsprung's-associated enterocolitis 70 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Treatment Induces Long-lasting Changes in the Fecal Microbiota that Protect Against Colitis

Ward

Phillips

Nguyen

et al. 2016

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The interplay between host genetics, immunity, and microbiota is central to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Previous population-based studies suggested a link between antibiotic use and increased IBD risk, but the mechanisms are unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the long-term effects of antibiotic administration on microbiota composition, innate immunity, and susceptibility to colitis, as well as the mechanism by which antibiotics alter host colitogenicity. Methods Wild-type mice were given broad-spectrum antibiotics or no antibiotics for two weeks, and subsequent immunophenotyping and 16S rRNA gene sequencing-based analysis of the fecal microbiome were performed six weeks later. In a separate experiment, control and antibiotic-treated mice were given seven days of DSS, six weeks after completing antibiotic treatment, and the severity of colitis scored histologically. Fecal transfer was performed from control or antibiotic-treated mice to recipient mice whose endogenous microbiota had been cleared with antibiotics, and the susceptibility of the recipients to DSS-induced colitis was analyzed. Naïve CD4+ T cells were transferred from control and antibiotic-treated mice to immunodeficient Rag-1-/- recipients and the severity of colitis compared. Results Antibiotics led to sustained dysbiosis and changes in T-cell subpopulations, including reductions in colonic lamina propria total T cells and CD4+ T cells. Antibiotics conferred protection against DSS colitis, and this effect was transferable by fecal transplant but not by naïve T cells. Conclusions Antibiotic exposure protects against colitis, and this effect is transferable with fecal microbiota from antibiotic-treated mice, supporting a protective effect of the microbial community.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Treatment Induces Long-lasting Changes in the Fecal Microbiota that Protect Against Colitis

Ward

Phillips

Nguyen

et al. 2016

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Further, the authors stated, the HAEC scoring system was intended to be used as a standardized and reproducible outcome measure to compare studies and not primarily for clinical diagnosis. To date, only two published studies (by our group) have applied the HAEC scoring system [5,6] to 20 HSCR patients (who are included in this cohort). Through these prior studies we began to recognize limitations in the HAEC scoring system to accurately diagnose patients with HAEC.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical evaluation of the Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC) score: A multicenter study of 116 children with Hirschsprung disease

Frykman

Kim

Wester

et al. 2018

Journal of Pediatric Surgery

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To identify the optimal clinical criteria to diagnose Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC) in children with Hirschsprung disease (HSCR). Background: HAEC is the most common life-threatening complication in HSCR patients, yet the diagnostic criteria for HAEC remain unclear. The consensus-based HAEC scoring system was not validated using patient data, thereby making its diagnostic accuracy uncertain. Methods: From 2009 to 2015, consecutive children with HSCR underwent retrospective evaluation of their medical records, and questionnaire-directed parent interviews to identify treatment of suspected HAEC episodes and the 16 clinical criteria in the HAEC score. Logistic regression modeling was employed to identify criteria predicting suspected HAEC episodes. Results: One hundred sixteen HSCR patients met inclusion criteria, 43 patients (37.1%) were treated for at least one suspected HAEC episode. An HAEC score of 4 maximized the sum of sensitivity (83.7%) and specificity(98.6%) while the previously established cut-off score of 10 showed lower sensitivity (41.9%) with perfect spec-ificity. Multivariable analysis identified four criteria utilized to create a new HAEC Risk score with performance characteristics similar to the HAEC score cutoff of 4. Conclusion: When using the HAEC score, a cutoff of 4 should be used rather than 10, which under-diagnosed patients with HAEC. Alternatively, the new HAEC Risk score could be employed. Level of Evidence: Diagnostic Study, Level 3.

show abstract

“…The amount of butyrate synthesis depends on both dietary intake and synthesis by gut microbial communities. Various bacteria are known for butyrate production including Megasphaera, Odoribacter, Eubacterium, Peptoniphilus, Fusobacterium, Coprococcus, Porphyromonas, Faecalibacterium, Anaerotruncus, Clostridium, Subdoligranulum, and Roseburia (Demehri et al, 2016). The butyrate-producing bacteria, Clostridium, was found to be present in abundant levels in p21-p-luc male mice, which were treated with a high-fat diet (HFD) diet for thirty weeks when compared with mice on a normal diet (Yoshimoto et al, 2013), indicating the potential role of diet in impacting the gut microbiota and downstream metabolic processes.…”

Section: Dna Methylationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Epigenetic Connection Between the Gut Microbiome in Obesity and Diabetes

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Metabolic diseases are becoming an alarming health issue due to elevated incidences of these diseases over the past few decades. Various environmental factors are associated with a number of metabolic diseases and often play a crucial role in this process. Amongst the factors, diet is the most important factor that can regulate these diseases via modulation of the gut microbiome. The gut microbiome participates in multiple metabolic processes in the human body and is mainly responsible for regulation of host metabolism. The alterations in function and composition of the gut microbiota have been known to be involved in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases via induction of epigenetic changes such as DNA methylation, histone modifications and regulation by noncoding RNAs. These induced epigenetic modifications can also be regulated by metabolites produced by the gut microbiota including short-chain fatty acids, folates, biotin and trimethylamine-N-oxide. In addition, studies have elucidated the potential role of these microbial-produced metabolites in the pathophysiology of obesity and diabetes. Hence, this review focuses on the interactions between the gut microbiome and epigenetic processes in the regulation and development of obesity and diabetes, which may have potential as a novel preventive or therapeutic approach for several metabolic and other human diseases.

show abstract

Altered fecal short chain fatty acid composition in children with a history of Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis

Cited by 68 publications

References 30 publications

Antibiotic Treatment Induces Long-lasting Changes in the Fecal Microbiota that Protect Against Colitis

Antibiotic Treatment Induces Long-lasting Changes in the Fecal Microbiota that Protect Against Colitis

Critical evaluation of the Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC) score: A multicenter study of 116 children with Hirschsprung disease

The Epigenetic Connection Between the Gut Microbiome in Obesity and Diabetes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About