Effects of ACE polymorphisms and other risk factors on the severity of coronary artery disease

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a multifactorial disease influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Major risk factors of CAD are hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking, family history and obesity. Also polymorphisms in the angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) gene can associate with CAD. The relationship between ACE polymorphisms and other risk factors is not well understood in CAD, likely due to the complex interrelation of genetic and environmental risk factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of CAD risk factors and ACE polymorphisms in patients with CAD. We enrolled 203 consecutive patients and 140 healthy subjects in the study. The severity of CAD was evaluated according to the number of vessels with significant stenosis. ACE insertion (I)/deletion (D) genotype was determined by PCR. The frequency of the DD genotype was significantly higher in patients. D allele frequency was higher among CAD subjects when compared to the control group. The number of stenotic vessels were found to be statistically associated with a high frequency of DD polymorphism and D allele and a low frequency of I allele in patients, especially in male patients. The control group displayed II and ID genotypes more frequently than did the patients. The ACE I/D genotype was associated with hyperlipidemia and smoking history. We consider that the DD polymorphism and D allele may affect the severity of CAD, while I allele may have a protective effect. In conclusion, the ACE I/D genotype may interact with conventional risk criteria in determining the risk of CAD.

Associations of laboratory parameters and genetic polymorphisms with ischemic stroke in Chinese Han population

“…Our findings showed that LDL and TG are closely related to ACE I/D, β-Fg-455 A/G, and PAI-1 4G/5G, consistenting with the results of Li [51] and Guney et al [52]. In addition, our results displayed that hyperlipidemia is correlated with D allele of ACE I/D gene, which was confirmed by Suzuki et al and There are certain limitations in the present study.…”

A New Investigative Approach: How the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene Interacts with Coronary Risk Factors

“…For genotype II, in the comparison between the patients and controls, no statistical relevance was identified with a high power in any coronary risk factor. This demonstrates that the participation of these genotypes in the genesis of CAD is determined by more complex associations than other studies have indicated when analysing the genotypes as part of a single sample [34][35][36][37][38].…”

Pharmacogenetics of statin therapy and the endothelial function parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

“…Возможно, вклад данного маркера в развитие сосудистых осложнений при СД2 не столь значим вследствие большей много-факторности поражения при данном типе заболевания. Также имеются сведения об ассоциации полиморфного маркера I/D гена ACE с нарушением ФЭ: у носителей генотипа DD выявлены достоверно большие толщина интима-медиа и распространенность атеросклероза по сравнению с пациентами с генотипами II и ID [15]. Однако зависимости динамики показателей ФЭ от рас-пределения генотипов маркера I/D гена ACE на терапии статинами у пациентов с СД2 в нашем исследовании вы-явлено не было.…”