Effects of Acarbose Versus Glibenclamide on Glycemic Excursion and Oxidative Stress in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Inadequately Controlled by Metformin: A 24-Week, Randomized, Open-Label, Parallel-Group Comparison

Wang, Jun‐Sing; Lin, Shi-Dou; Lee, Wen‐Jane; Su, Shih‐Li; Lee, I-Te; Tu, Shih‐Te; Tseng, Yu‐Ting; Lin, Shih‐Yi; Sheu, Wayne Huey‐Herng

doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2011.10.014

Cited by 64 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Polyphenols could prevent the oxidative damage that occurs as a consequence of high fat diet (38). Concerning acarbose, a study conducted on diabetic patients has not found any beneficial effect of acarbose on oxidative stress (39), while another study suggests a possible capability of acarbose in reducing oxidative stress by increasing hydrogen production in the digestive tract (40).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acarbose versus trans-chalcone: comparing the effect of two glycosidase inhibitors on obese mice

Jalalvand

Amoli

Yaghmaei

et al. 2015

Arch. Endocrinol. Metab.

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Objective: Acarbose and trans-chalcone are glucosidase inhibitors whose beneficial effects have been demonstrated in diabetes. The present study aimed at investigating their potential effects in obesity. Materials and methods: NMRI male mice (n = 48) were subjected to a high fat diet for four weeks, which induced an initial state of obesity. One control group was given normal rodent diet. Obese animals were then switched to normal rodent diet, and divided to four groups (n = 12 in each): untreated, sham (receiving grape seed oil), and experimental groups receiving acarbose and trans-chalcone (12 mg/kg) during eight weeks. Body weight, blood glucose and other biochemical parameters including triglycerides (TG), cholesterol, HDL, AST, and ALT were measured, as well as leptin, adiponectin, TNF-α, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Histological studies were performed on adipose cells and liver tissue samples. Results: All factors were affected in a positive manner by acarbose, save for body weight, blood sugar and leptin levels, on which acarbose effects, although observable, were not statistically significant. Grape seed oil, used as a solvent for trans-chalcone was found to possess significant effect on TG and TAC, and had beneficial effects on other factors including liver enzymes and cholesterol. Trans-chalcone effects were significant on HDL, leptin and ALT. All compounds seemed to be able to affect fat deposition in liver tissue, and decrease the size of adipose tissue cells to some extent. Conclusion: In conclusion, the tested compounds were able to affect lipid accumulation in tissues and influence adipokines, which may result in an enhanced state with regard to inflammation and oxidative stress. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2015;59(3):202-9

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acarbose versus trans-chalcone: comparing the effect of two glycosidase inhibitors on obese mice

Jalalvand

Amoli

Yaghmaei

et al. 2015

Arch. Endocrinol. Metab.

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“…However, Novel GPR40 Agonists Improve Whole-Body Glucose Metabolism long-term use of insulin secretagogues produce whole-body glucose metabolism improvement and decrease blood HbA 1c levels (Charbonnel et al, 2013;Hanefeld et al, 2007;Sakamoto et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2011). It is believed that long-term correction of acute glucose metabolism by insulin secretagogues decreases glucotoxity and improves whole-body glucose metabolism while secondarily improving insulin resistance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sulfonylureas, dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors, and GLP-1 analogs are generally used as insulin secretagogues; however, sulfonylureas increase insulin secretion regardless of glucose level, thereby carrying the risk of promoting hypoglycemia and accelerating the exhaustion of pancreatic b-cells (Pfeifer et al, 1984;Melander et al, 1990), whereas DPP-IV inhibitors and GLP-1 analogs exhibit glucosedependent insulin secretion and carry a low risk of hypoglycemia (Herman et al, 2006;Engel et al, 2010;Bode, 2011). It is widely reported that long-term use of insulin secretagogues lead to reduction in blood hemoglobin A 1c (HbA 1c ) level in human (Charbonnel et al, 2013;Hanefeld et al, 2007;Sakamoto et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Treatment with Novel GPR40 Agonists Improve Whole-Body Glucose Metabolism Based on the Glucose-Dependent Insulin Secretion

Tanaka

Yoshida

Oshima

et al. 2013

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

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GPR40 is a free fatty acid receptor that has been shown to regulate glucose-dependent insulin secretion. This study aimed to discover novel GPR40 agonists and investigate the wholebody effect on glucose metabolism of GPR40 activation using these novel GPR40 agonists. To identify novel GPR40-specific agonists, we conducted high-throughput chemical compound screening and evaluated glucose-dependent insulin secretion. To investigate the whole-body effect on glucose metabolism of GPR40 activation, we conducted repeat administration of the novel GPR40 agonists to diabetic model ob/ob mice and evaluated metabolic parameters. To characterize the effect of the novel GPR40 agonists more deeply, we conducted an insulin tolerance test and a euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp test. As a result, we discovered the novel GPR40-specific agonists, including AS2034178 [bis{2-[(4-{[49-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-29-methyl[1,19-biphenyl]-3-yl]methoxy}phenyl)methyl]-3,5-dioxo-1,2,4-oxadiazolidin-4-ide} tetrahydrate], and found that its exhibited glucose-dependent insulin secretion enhancement both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, the compounds also decreased plasma glucose and HbA 1c levels after repeat administration to ob/ob mice, with favorable oral absorption and pharmacokinetics. Repeat administration of AS2034178 enhanced insulin sensitivity in an insulin tolerance test and a euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp test. These results indicate that improvement of glucosedependent insulin secretion leads the improvement of wholebody glucose metabolism chronically. In conclusion, AS2034178 and other GPR40 agonists may become useful therapeutics in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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“…Nateglinide and acarbose are two of the oral antidiabetes drugs that preferentially affect postprandial hyperglycemia and are widely used to treat T2DM patients in China. Previous studies have demonstrated that both nateglinide and acarbose can reduce postprandial hyperglycemia, 10,11 but their effects on glycemic excursions have not been well studied in antihyperglycemic agent-naive T2DM patients, although the results of the Nateglinide And Valsartan in Impaired Glucose Tolerance Outcomes Research (NAVIGATOR) trial showed that nateglinide was not effective in decreasing both the new cases of diabetes and the new cardiovascular events in a population at high risk. 12 Therefore, this study was designed to compare the efficacies of nateglinide and acarbose for reducing postprandial glycemic excursions in antihyperglycemic agent-naive Chinese patients with T2DM.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nateglinide and Acarbose Are Comparably Effective Reducers of Postprandial Glycemic Excursions in Chinese Antihyperglycemic Agent–Naive Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes

Zhou

Zhang

et al. 2013

Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics

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Background: Recent studies have identified postprandial glycemic excursions as risk factors for diabetes complications. This study aimed to compare the effects of nateglinide and acarbose treatments on postprandial glycemic excursions in Chinese subjects with type 2 diabetes. Subjects and Methods: This was a multicenter, open-label, randomized, active-controlled, parallel-group study. One hundred three antihyperglycemic agent-naive subjects with type 2 diabetes (hemoglobin A1c range, 6.5-9.0%) were prospectively recruited from four hospitals in China. The intervention was nateglinide (120 mg three times a day) or acarbose (50 mg three times a day) therapy for 2 weeks. A continuous glucose monitoring system was used to calculate the incremental area under the curve of postprandial blood glucose (AUC pp ), the incremental glucose peak (IGP), mean amplitude of glycemic excursions, SD of blood glucose, the mean of daily differences, and 24-h mean blood glucose (MBG). Subjects' serum glycated albumin and the plasma insulin levels were also analyzed. Results: Both agents caused significant reductions on AUC pp and IGP. Similarly, both treatment groups showed significant improvements in the intra-and interday glycemic excursions, as well as the 24-h MBG and serum glycated albumin compared with baseline (P < 0.001). However, neither of the agents produced a significantly better effect (P > 0.05). Moreover, the nateglinide-treated group had significantly increased insulin levels at 30 min and at 120 min after a standard meal compared with baseline, whereas the acarbose-treated group decreased. No serious adverse events occurred in either group. The rates of hypoglycemic episodes were comparable in the two groups, and no severe hypoglycemic episode occurred in either group. Conclusions: Nateglinide and acarbose were comparably effective in reducing postprandial glycemic excursions in antihyperglycemic agent-naive Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes, possibly through different pathophysiological mechanisms.

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Effects of Acarbose Versus Glibenclamide on Glycemic Excursion and Oxidative Stress in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Inadequately Controlled by Metformin: A 24-Week, Randomized, Open-Label, Parallel-Group Comparison

Cited by 64 publications

References 32 publications

Acarbose versus trans-chalcone: comparing the effect of two glycosidase inhibitors on obese mice

Acarbose versus trans-chalcone: comparing the effect of two glycosidase inhibitors on obese mice

Chronic Treatment with Novel GPR40 Agonists Improve Whole-Body Glucose Metabolism Based on the Glucose-Dependent Insulin Secretion

Nateglinide and Acarbose Are Comparably Effective Reducers of Postprandial Glycemic Excursions in Chinese Antihyperglycemic Agent–Naive Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes

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