Effects of a progressive loading exercise program on the bone and skeletal muscle properties of female osteopenic rats☆☆☆

Rennó, Ana Cláudia Muniz; Gomes, Anna Raquel Silveira; Nascimento, Rúbia B.; Salvini, Tania F.; Parizoto, Nivaldo Antônio

doi:10.1016/j.exger.2006.11.014

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The increase in muscle weight presented by the groups submitted to ovariectomy/ hysterectomy and which performed resistance exercise, stretching, or both, compared with rats that performed only exercise protocols, may be related to the decrease of estrogen, as has also been observed by other authors 7 . Estrogen is responsible for the structural homeostasis of body fluids, so the increase in muscle weight can be attributed to the accumulation of fat in the perimysium and endomysium, as observed in sarcopenic muscles 24 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…Thus, when the rat was put in the container, the rear paw was able to touch the depth of the tank, and then, to make the leap to reach the surface of the tank, an eccentric contraction was performed, followed by the concentric of the triceps surae muscle. The training protocol was constituted of 4 bouts of 10 jumps, with a 60 second rest (Technos chronometer) between each bout 7 . The sessions were performed three times a week (Monday, Wednesday and Friday) throughout 6 weeks and the sessions were performed at the same time of the day.…”

Section: Progressive Loading Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The training program was carried out by fixing an additional load on the animal's body using an appropriate vest that allowed the animal to jump without the vest slipping off its body 7 .…”

Section: Progressive Loading Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ovariectomized rats have been used as an animal model to mimic postmenopausal women for investigating the effects of exercise on bone and skeletal muscle loss 7 . Furthermore, stretching and/or resistive training can increase the serial sarcomere number and muscle fiber cross-sectional area of young rats 8,9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of resistive exercise and stretching on the soleus muscle of ovariectomized rats

et al. 2016

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Progressive Loading Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The training program was carried out by fixing an additional load on the animal's body using an appropriate vest that allowed the animal to jump without the vest slipping off its body 7 .…”

Section: Progressive Loading Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of resistive exercise and stretching on the soleus muscle of ovariectomized rats

et al. 2016

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“…(1,2) Hyperkyphosis is associated with several adverse health outcomes, including reduced physical functioning (3–5) and mobility, (6) increased risk of falls, (7) decreased lung function, (8) and higher mortality. (2) …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heritability of Thoracic Spine Curvature and Genetic Correlations With Other Spine Traits: The Framingham Study

Demissie

Zhou

et al. 2016

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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Hyperkyphosis is a common spinal disorder in older adults, characterized by excessive forward curvature of the thoracic spine and adverse health outcomes. The etiology of hyperkyphosis has not been firmly established, but may be related to changes that occur with aging in the vertebrae, discs, joints, and muscles, which function as a unit to support the spine. Determining the contribution of genetics to thoracic spine curvature and the degree of genetic sharing among co-occurring measures of spine health may provide insight into the etiology of hyperkyphosis. The purpose of our study was to estimate heritability of thoracic spine curvature using T4–T12 kyphosis (Cobb) angle and genetic correlations between thoracic spine curvature and vertebral fracture, intervertebral disc height narrowing, facet joint osteoarthritis (OA), lumbar spine volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), and paraspinal muscle area and density, which were all assessed from computed tomography (CT) images. Participants included 2063 women and men in the second and third generation offspring of the original cohort of the Framingham Study. Heritability of kyphosis angle, adjusted for age, sex, and weight, was 54% (95% confidence interval [CI], 43% to 64%). We found moderate genetic correlations between kyphosis angle and paraspinal muscle area ( ρ^G, −0.46; 95% CI, −0.67 to −0.26), vertebral fracture ( ρ^G, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.18 to 0.61), vBMD ( ρ^G,−0.23; 95% CI, −0.41 to −0.04), and paraspinal muscle density ( ρ^G,−0.22; 95% CI, −0.48 to 0.03). Genetic correlations between kyphosis angle and disc height narrowing ( ρ^G, 0.17; 95% CI, −0.05 to 0.38) and facet joint OA ( normalρ^G, 0.05; 95% CI, −0.15 to 0.24) were low. Thoracic spine curvature may be heritable and share genetic factors with other age-related spine traits including trunk muscle size, vertebral fracture, and bone mineral density.

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The osteogenic effects of swimming on bone mass, strength, and microarchitecture in rats with unloading-induced bone loss

Volpon

Silva

Falcai

et al. 2015

Microsc. Res. Tech.

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The effect of nonweight-bearing exercise on osteoporotic bones remains controversial and inconclusive. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of swimming on osteoporotic tibias of rats submitted to hindlimb suspension. Initially, 20 Wistar rats were used to confirm a significant bone loss following 21 days of unloading. Thirty rats were then divided into 3 groups and followed during 51 days: CON (nonsuspended rats), S + WB (suspended rats for 21 days and then released for regular weight-bearing) and, S + Swim (suspended rats for 21 days and then released from suspension and submitted to swimming exercise). We observed that swimming exercise was effective at fully recovering the bone deterioration caused by suspension, with significant increments in BMD, bone strength and bone volume. On the other hand, regular weight-bearing failed at fully restoring the bone loss induced by unloading. These results indicate that swimming exercise may be a potential tool to improve bone density, strength, and trabecular volume in tibias with bone loss induced by mechanical unloading in suspended rats. We conclude that this modality of activity could be beneficial in improving bone mass, strength, and architecture in osteoporotic individuals induced by disuse, such as bed rest or those exposed to microgravity, who may not be able to perform weight-bearing exercises.

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Effects of a progressive loading exercise program on the bone and skeletal muscle properties of female osteopenic rats☆☆☆

Cited by 24 publications

References 35 publications

Effects of resistive exercise and stretching on the soleus muscle of ovariectomized rats

Effects of resistive exercise and stretching on the soleus muscle of ovariectomized rats

Heritability of Thoracic Spine Curvature and Genetic Correlations With Other Spine Traits: The Framingham Study

The osteogenic effects of swimming on bone mass, strength, and microarchitecture in rats with unloading-induced bone loss

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