Effects of a high level of phytase on broiler performance, bone ash, phosphorus utilization, and phytate dephosphorylation to inositol

Gautier, Alyson Elaine; Walk, C. L.; Dilger, Ryan N.

doi:10.3382/ps/pex291

Cited by 55 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Conversely, the increasing contents of serum calcium and phosphorus means that the absorptive status of calcium and phosphorus in the body is worsen [43]. Previous studies reported that dietary phytase supplementation had lower contents of serum calcium and phosphorus in poultry [44,45], which was in line with our results in Experiment 1. Meanwhile, in the present study of Experiment 2, phytase and protease combined supplementation in basal or low-energy and low-protein diet could significantly increase contents of calcium and phosphorus in the serum, which may mainly result from the addition of phytase.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Dietary Supplementation with Phytase and Protease Improves Growth Performance, Serum Metabolism Status, and Intestinal Digestive Enzyme Activities in Meat Ducks

Jiang

Zhu

et al. 2020

Animals

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Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with protease and phytase on growth performance, serum physiochemical parameters, and activities of digestive enzymes in jejunal digesta of meat ducks. Experiment 1 was carried out to determine the effects of different protease or phytase on growth performance, serum physiochemical parameter, and activities of digestive enzymes in jejunal digesta of meat ducks to select the optimal phytase or protease. According to the hatching age and initial weight, a total of 5040 Cherry Valley ducks (15 days of age) were randomly assigned into six treatments. Treatments included a basal control diet (CON) and 5 basal diets supplemented with different enzyme preparations, which were phytase preparation A (PA, 160 g/t), phytase preparation B (PB, 800 g/t), protease preparation A (PTA, 80 g/t), protease preparation B (PTB, 300 g/t) and protease preparation C (PTC, 200 g/t). The enzyme activities were as follows: Phytase A and B as well as protease A, B, and C were 50,000, 10,000, 250,000, 50,000, and 60,000 U/g, respectively. Each treatment had 7 replicates with 120 meat ducks per replicate. Experiment 1 lasted for 28 days. The results showed that: compared with the CON group, the PA group significantly decreased contents of serum phosphorus and calcium (p < 0.05), and the PTA, PTB, and PTC groups had higher activities of trypsin in jejunal digesta (p < 0.05), and the activity of jejunal chymotrypsin in PTA group was greater (p < 0.05). Experiment 2 was carried out to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with protease and phytase in low-energy and low-protein diet on growth performance, serum physiochemical parameters, and activities of digestive enzymes in jejunal digesta of meat ducks. According to the hatching age and initial weight, a total of 5760 Cherry Valley ducks (15 days of age) were randomly assigned into four treatments on the basis of a trial of 2 × 2 factorial design. Treatments included a basal control diet (PC), basal diet supplemented with enzymes (PCE), low-energy and low-protein diet (LEP), and low-energy and low-protein diet supplemented with enzymes (LEPE), the nutrient levels of energy and CP of basal diet were 2747.2 cal·ME/kg and 16.80%, respectively, and the nutrient levels of energy and CP of low-energy and low-protein diet decreased 45.90 kcal·ME/kg and 0.52% on the basis of basal diet, respectively. According to the results of experiment 1, phytase A and protease A were determined as the optimal enzyme combination of Experiment 2, and additional dosage of which were identical with Experiment 1. Each treatment had 6 replicates with 240 meat ducks per replicate. Experiment 2 lasted for 28 days. The results showed that: compared with PC and LEP groups, PCE and LEPE groups had higher final weight and average daily gain (ADG) (p < 0.05), higher activities of trypsin and chymotrypsin in jejunal digesta (p < 0.05), lower contents of serum calcium and phosphorus as well as higher levels of high-density lipoprotein in the serum (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation with phytase and protease in different energy and protein diets could increase digestive enzymes in jejunal digesta, effect serum physiochemical parameters, improve metabolic status, and increase the growth performance of meat ducks. Meanwhile, with the dietary supplementation with phytase and protease in the lower energy and protein diet, the growth performance could reach to the degree of the higher energy and increased protein diet, but without the addition of phytase and protease.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Dietary Supplementation with Phytase and Protease Improves Growth Performance, Serum Metabolism Status, and Intestinal Digestive Enzyme Activities in Meat Ducks

Jiang

Zhu

et al. 2020

Animals

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“…There are numerous reports on the benefits of phytase in improving bone characteristics and mineralization ( Viveros et al., 2002 , Gautier et al., 2018 ). In this study, high phytase improved femur ash in both unchallenged and challenged birds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactive effect of dietary calcium and phytase on broilers challenged with subclinical necrotic enteritis: 3. Serum calcium and phosphorus, and bone mineralization

et al. 2020

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Calcium is chelated by phytic acid and forms phytate-mineral complexes reducing Ca availability and the ability of phytase to hydrolyze phytate. An increased Ca concentration in the gut favors the activity of Clostridium perfringens ( C. perfringens ). Therefore, it was hypothesized that high dietary calcium with high dietary phytase would decrease serum Ca and P and bone mineralization during necrotic enteritis occurrence. A total of 768 one-day-old Ross 308 male chicks were randomly allocated to 8 treatments with 6 replicate pens, each housing 16 birds. A 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments was applied: dietary Ca (0.6 or 1.0%), phytase (500 or 1,500 FTU/kg), and challenge (no or yes). Half of the birds (384) were challenged with Eimeria spp. on day 9 and C. perfringens strain EHE-NE18 on day 14 and 15. Blood was collected from 2 birds per pen to determine Ca, P, and parathyroid hormone in the serum. The middle toe, tibia, and femur were excised from 2 birds per pen on day 16 and 29 for determination of ash, breaking strength ( BS ), and mineral concentration. The challenge decreased ( P < 0.05) serum Ca + in birds regardless of dietary Ca level (day 16). There was a challenge × Ca interaction ( P < 0.05) for tibial BS (day 16), with challenge being more severe in birds fed high Ca than low Ca diets. A challenge × phytase interaction ( P < 0.05) was present for femur ash (day 16), with high phytase only increasing ash in challenged birds. The challenge decreased ( P < 0.05) the BS of femur and tibia at each time point. Birds fed high dietary Ca had lower tibial Mg ( P < 0.001), Fe ( P < 0.001), Na ( P < 0.001), and Zn ( P < 0.05) concentrations (day 29). Altogether, high dietary Ca and phytase improved bone mineralization showing that attention to Ca and P nutrition and phytase matrix values is warranted when high levels of phytase are used.

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“…The difference in these characteristics and properties can impact the activity of phytase in the digestive tract of birds ( Onyango et al., 2005 ). Research studies on phytase use are well documented in broilers ( Hamdi et al., 2015 , Sommerfeld et al., 2018b , Gautier et al., 2018 , Leyva-Jimenez et al., 2019 ), but very little work has been carried out on laying hens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of phytase supplementation on eggshell and bone quality, and phosphorus and calcium digestibility in laying hens from 25 to 37 wk of age

2020

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Effects of dietary available phosphorus ( aP ) and Ca levels and an Escherichia coli 6-phytase supplementation were studied in Lohmann LSL-Lite hens from 25 to 37 wk of age. Eighty-four hens were used in a completely randomized design with 7 treatments. The treatments were a positive control ( PC ) diet with 0.45% aP, 3.70% Ca, and 0.16% Na from 25 to 28 wk and 0.38% aP, 3.73% Ca, and 0.15% Na from 29 to 37 wk; a negative control ( NC ) diet, similar to the PC diet, with 0.22% aP, 3.00% Ca, and 0.13% Na from 25 to 28 wk and 0.19% aP, 3.02% Ca, and 0.13% Na from 29 to 37 wk; the NC diets supplemented with phytase at 150 (NC + 150), 300 (NC + 300), 600 (NC + 600), or 1,200 (NC + 1,200) phytase unit ( FTU )/kg; and the PC diet supplemented with phytase at 1,200 (PC + 1,200) FTU/kg. Hen performance, eggshell, and bone quality were measured on a 4-wk basis. Bone breaking strength and ash and apparent ileal digestibility ( AID ) of P and Ca were determined at 37 wk. One- and 2-way ANOVA were conducted, and Tukey's range test was used to compare multiple means where P ≤ 0.05. No differences in hen performance, eggshell quality, bone breaking strength, bone ash, and P digestibility were observed between the PC and the NC treatments. The NC hens had lower cortical ( P < 0.001) and trabecular + medullary bone mineral density ( P = 0.004) and total bone mineral content ( P < 0.001) than the PC hens. The PC + 1,200 increased cortical bone mineral density ( P < 0.001). The reductions of aP and Ca in the NC diet were not deficient for performance but had a minor impact on bone mineralization. The NC + 600 and NC + 1,200 increased AID of P ( P = 0.024), and all phytase treatments except the NC + 150 increased AID of Ca ( P = 0.010) compared with the NC diet.

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Effects of a high level of phytase on broiler performance, bone ash, phosphorus utilization, and phytate dephosphorylation to inositol

Cited by 55 publications

References 30 publications

Dietary Supplementation with Phytase and Protease Improves Growth Performance, Serum Metabolism Status, and Intestinal Digestive Enzyme Activities in Meat Ducks

Dietary Supplementation with Phytase and Protease Improves Growth Performance, Serum Metabolism Status, and Intestinal Digestive Enzyme Activities in Meat Ducks

Interactive effect of dietary calcium and phytase on broilers challenged with subclinical necrotic enteritis: 3. Serum calcium and phosphorus, and bone mineralization

Effects of phytase supplementation on eggshell and bone quality, and phosphorus and calcium digestibility in laying hens from 25 to 37 wk of age

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