Effects of a fixed-intensity of endurance training and pistacia atlantica supplementation on ATP-binding cassette G4 expression

Abstract

BackgroundAdenosine triphosphate-cassette binding protein (ABC) type G is considered as a part of reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) process in modification and metabolism of plasma and tissue cholesterol. This study aims to evaluate the effect of endurance training with or without Pistacia atlantica (Baneh) supplementation on the female rat tissues ABC type G expression and its correlation with plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration.MethodsTwenty Wistar rats (six to eight weeks old, 125–135 g weight) were arbitrarily allocated into training (n = 10) and control (n = 10) groups and further divided into saline-control (n = 5), saline-training (n = 5), Baneh-control (n = 5), and Baneh-training (n = 5). The training groups were given exercise on a motor-driven treadmill at 25 m/min (0% grade) for 60 min/day, 5 days/week for eight weeks. The rats were fed orally with Baneh extract and saline for six weeks. Seventy-two hours after the last training session, the rats were sacrificed and their tissues were excised for tissues ABCG4 expression which was detected by Real-time PCR method.ResultsThe ABCG4 gene expressions were significantly higher in liver (P = 02), small intestine (P = 06), and visceral fat tissues (P = 04) of the trained rats compared to the tissues of the control rats, but were lower in Baneh treated rats (liver P = 045, small intestine P = 06 and visceral fat P = 004) with lower HDL-C concentrations (P = 008).ConclusionsThe Baneh administration lowered tissues ABCG4 expression and plasma HDL-C concentrations while endurance training increased the expression in female rat tissues.

Pistacia Atlantica Extract Enhances Exercise-Mediated Improvement of Antioxidant Defense in Vistar Rats

“…In the earlier reports, low-intensity exercise program and mastic as an antioxidant can effectively reduce oxidative stress via decrease in enzymes activities (14,21). Our results confirmed the previous findings and indicated that, the concentration of SOD in MT group was higher than the other groups.…”

Effects of endurance training and herb supplementation on tissue nesfatin-1/nucleobindin-2 and ghrelin mRNA expression

“…We found a lower and significant increase plasma HDL-C in saline trained rats and alower HDL-C concentrations in Bane-treated rats. Our data are consistent with previously reported results elsewhere [9,[48][49][50]82] …”

“…In relation to the ghrelin response to herbal plants most of research fouced on the effects of Rikkunshito is an herbal medicine (in Japanes traditional medicine) on ghrelin secretion in human and animal subjects [41][42][43][44] Anacardiaceae family has been reported to be rich in essential fatty acids and antioxidants being found in nuts and it has also been measured that total amount of essential oils obtained from Pistachio-atlantica was higher than that from any other Pistachio species [45][46][47]. The effects of an aqueous extraction of pistachia-atlantica on HDL transporter factors such as ABCG8 and ABCG4 in female rats small intestine and kidney and also its effect on small intestine nesfatin-1 and visfatin with or without exercise have been reported elsewhere [40,[48][49][50]. With consider to the somewhat controversial reports and also the potential of ghrelin and Nesfatin-1 responses to any positive /negative change in energy balance, high-fat diet, and nutrients ,the present study was …”

Effects of exercise on reverse cholesterol transport: A systemized narrative review of animal studies

“…To the authors knowledge only one study has evaluated the effects of aerobic training on ABCG4. Ghanbari-Niaki et al (2013) found treadmill exercise training enhances ABCG4 gene expression in liver, small intestine, visceral fat not kidney tissues [57] 3.6. ABCG5…”