Effects of a 3 strain Bacillus-based direct-fed microbial and dietary fiber concentration on growth performance and expression of genes related to absorption and metabolism of volatile fatty acids in weanling pigs1

Jaworski, N. W.; Owusu-Asiedu, A.; Walsh, M. C.; McCann, Joshua C; Loor, Juan J.; Stein, Hans H

doi:10.2527/jas.2016.0557

Cited by 24 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…The effects of DF on growth performance are not consistent in pigs. Many studies have shown that high levels of DF increased daily feed intake ( Gerritsen et al, 2012 ; Yu et al, 2016 ), while others reported that it has no impact on growth performance but reduced digestibility of nutrients and energy ( Chen et al, 2014 ; Jaworski et al, 2017 ). In the present study, ADFI, ADG, and FCR were not influenced in the whole feeding trial, suggesting no negative effects of 5% CB inclusion on animal growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Corn Bran Altered the Diversity of Microbial Communities and Cytokine Production in Weaned Pigs

et al. 2018

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Corn bran (CB) has been used as an ingredient for pigs, but the underlying mechanisms that improve gut health is less clear. This study was conducted to investigate effects of dietary CB on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, plasma indices related to gut hormones and immunity, gut microbiota composition, and fermentation products in weaned pigs. A total of 60 weaned pigs were allocated to two dietary treatments, and piglets in each group received control (CON) diet or 5% CB diet for 28 days. Growth performance, nutrient digestibility, indices of gut hormones and immunity in plasma were evaluated. Microbiota composition in feces was determined using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, and fermentation products were measured by high-performance ion chromatography. The results showed that dietary CB did not affect growth performance, nutrient digestibility, gut hormones, or fermentation products in the trial (P > 0.05). There was an increased response to CB inclusion on interleukin-10 production (P < 0.05). On day 28, piglets fed dietary CB had a higher shannon index (P < 0.05). The population of the Firmicutes in CB treatment were decreased (P < 0.05), while the percentage of the Bacteroidetes were increased (P < 0.05). In particular, the populations of Eubacterium corprostanoligenes, Pevotella, and Fibrobacter related to polysaccharide fermentation of cereal bran were increased (P < 0.05). In conclusion, a post-weaning diet containing 5% CB increased intestinal microbial diversity, especially higher richness of fibrolytic bacteria, and promoted anti-inflammatory response to some extent in piglets, these changes should facilitate the adaptation of the digestive system of piglets in the subsequent growing phases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Corn Bran Altered the Diversity of Microbial Communities and Cytokine Production in Weaned Pigs

et al. 2018

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“…Small peptides (i.e., di- and tri-peptide) are absorbed into intestinal epithelial cells via a variety of membrane transport systems ( e.g ., PEPT-1) or degraded to various amino acids [ 33 ]. Free fatty acids are not only an important directed source of energy in pigs but also play key roles in regulating a series of physiological responses [ 34 ]. Thus, these results suggest that AKG supplementation might improve the absorption and transport of nutrients via promoting the expression of nutrient-sensing transporters in the piglets under stress injury.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Administration of alpha-ketoglutarate improves epithelial restitution under stress injury in early-weaning piglets

Zhou

Huang

et al. 2017

Oncotarget

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Alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) is an important cellular metabolite that participates in energy production and amino acid metabolism. However, the protective effects and mechanism of AKG on mucosal lesions have not been well understood. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary AKG supplementation on epithelial restitution in early-weaning piglets under Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induction. A total of 32 weaned piglets were used in a 2 × 2 factorial design; the major factors were dietary treatment (basal diet or AKG diet) and inflammatory challenge (LPS or saline). The results showed that AKG supplementation improved the growth performance and intestinal morphology in the LPS-induced early-weaning piglets. Compared with the basal diet, the AKG diet remarkably decreased the concentration and mRNA expression of intestinal inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-12) in the LPS-induced piglets. Moreover, AKG administration upregulated the mRNA expression of nutrient-sensing transporters (GLUT-2, SGLT-1, PEPT-1, I-FABP2) in the small intestine of both saline- and LPS-treated piglets, and improved the distribution and expression of tight-junction genes andproteins (ZO-1, Occludin, Claudins, E-cadherin). Collectively, our findings indicate that AKG has the potential to alleviate intestinal inflammatory response and improve epithelial restitution and nutrient-sensing ability under stress injury in early-weaning piglets, and it also provides an experimental basis for enteral use of AKG in swine production and clinical application to prevent intestinal epithelial damage.

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“…The amount of feed provided for pigs was recorded and unconsumed feed was weighed daily for the determination of average daily feed intake (ADFI) (Jaworski et al, 2017 ). Pigs were weighed individually on day 0 and 21.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Average daily gain (ADG) was calculated as weight gain (final body weight—initial body weight) divided by the number of treatment days. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was calculated as the ratio of ADFI and ADG (Jaworski et al, 2017 ). A sample of each of the experimental diets was collected for chemical analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effects of high fiber on growth performance in pigs have been studied. Some reports indicated that fiber-rich diets increased weight gain (Bertram et al, 2009 ; Gerritsen et al, 2012 ), while other researchers showed reduced growth or no influence on growth performance accompanied by reduced digestibility of nutrients and energy (Jaworski et al, 2017 ; Morowitz et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary Corn Bran Fermented by Bacillus subtilis MA139 Decreased Gut Cellulolytic Bacteria and Microbiota Diversity in Finishing Pigs

Ping

Zhao

Guo

et al. 2017

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Solid-state fermentation of feedstuffs by Bacillus subtilis MA139 can reduce insoluble dietary fiber content in vitro and improve growth performance in pigs. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary corn bran (CB) fermented by B. subtilis on growth performance and gut microbiota composition in finishing pigs. A total of 60 finishing pigs were allocated to 3 dietary treatments consisting of a control (CON) diet, a 10% CB diet, and a 10% fermented CB (FCB) diet in a 21 d feeding trial. Growth performance and nutrient digestibility were evaluated. Fecal samples were determined for bacterial community diversity by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The dietary CB and FCB did not affect growth performance of finishing pigs. The digestibility of organic matter was decreased in both CB and FCB treatments compared with CON group (P < 0.05). The α-diversity for bacterial community analysis of Chao 1 in FCB treatment was lower than CON treatment (P < 0.05). The Fibrobacteres phylum belongs to cellulolytic bacteria was isolated, and their relative abundance in CB group showed no difference between CON and FCB treatments. The abundance of Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group in CB treatment was higher than CON and FCB groups (P < 0.05), whereas the population of norank_f_Prevotellaceae was higher in FCB group compared to CON and CB groups (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary FCB decreased the abundance of bacterial communities, particularly the population of bacteria related to cellulolytic degradation.

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Effects of a 3 strain Bacillus-based direct-fed microbial and dietary fiber concentration on growth performance and expression of genes related to absorption and metabolism of volatile fatty acids in weanling pigs1

Cited by 24 publications

References 45 publications

Dietary Corn Bran Altered the Diversity of Microbial Communities and Cytokine Production in Weaned Pigs

Dietary Corn Bran Altered the Diversity of Microbial Communities and Cytokine Production in Weaned Pigs

Administration of alpha-ketoglutarate improves epithelial restitution under stress injury in early-weaning piglets

Dietary Corn Bran Fermented by Bacillus subtilis MA139 Decreased Gut Cellulolytic Bacteria and Microbiota Diversity in Finishing Pigs

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