Dietary Corn Bran Fermented by Bacillus subtilis MA139 Decreased Gut Cellulolytic Bacteria and Microbiota Diversity in Finishing Pigs

Abstract

Solid-state fermentation of feedstuffs by Bacillus subtilis MA139 can reduce insoluble dietary fiber content in vitro and improve growth performance in pigs. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary corn bran (CB) fermented by B. subtilis on growth performance and gut microbiota composition in finishing pigs. A total of 60 finishing pigs were allocated to 3 dietary treatments consisting of a control (CON) diet, a 10% CB diet, and a 10% fermented CB (FCB) diet in a 21 d feeding trial. Growth performance and nutrient digestibility were evaluated. Fecal samples were determined for bacterial community diversity by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The dietary CB and FCB did not affect growth performance of finishing pigs. The digestibility of organic matter was decreased in both CB and FCB treatments compared with CON group (P < 0.05). The α-diversity for bacterial community analysis of Chao 1 in FCB treatment was lower than CON treatment (P < 0.05). The Fibrobacteres phylum belongs to cellulolytic bacteria was isolated, and their relative abundance in CB group showed no difference between CON and FCB treatments. The abundance of Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group in CB treatment was higher than CON and FCB groups (P < 0.05), whereas the population of norank_f_Prevotellaceae was higher in FCB group compared to CON and CB groups (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary FCB decreased the abundance of bacterial communities, particularly the population of bacteria related to cellulolytic degradation.

In vivo safety assessment of Lactobacillus fermentum strains, evaluation of their cholesterol‐lowering ability and intestinal microbial modulation

“…The human gut microbiota is a complex community and is important for the health status of the host . Alterations in the gut microbiota and diet have been found to be associated with the pathogenesis of several human diseases . Probiotic supplementation has been found to be associated with improvements in health and the intestinal microbial composition, and the supplementation of L. fermentum has been shown to modulate the intestinal microbiota in piglets .…”

“…[33][34][35] Alterations in the gut microbiota and diet have been found to be associated with the pathogenesis of several human diseases. [36][37][38][39][40] Probiotic supplementation has been found to be associated with improvements in health and the intestinal microbial composition, 24,41 and the supplementation of L. fermentum has been shown to modulate the intestinal microbiota in piglets. 42 As the global composition and the presence of pathogens or beneficial bacteria are relevant to the host's health, we analyzed the composition of the test animals over 13 weeks of feeding of bacterial strains.…”

Dietary Corn Bran Altered the Diversity of Microbial Communities and Cytokine Production in Weaned Pigs

“…The contents of IDF and TDF were measured according to AOAC method of 991.43 using Ankom Dietary Fiber Analyzer (Ankom Technology, United States). The contents of NSP and their monosaccharides were analyzed on the basis of alditol acetates by gas–liquid chromatography (Agilent GC 6980, United States) as described by Liu et al (2017) . The fiber composition of CB was shown in Supplementary Table 2 .…”

“…The V3-V4 regions of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene were amplified using primers F338 (5′-ACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAG-3′) and R806 (5′-GGACTACHVGGGTWTCTAAT-3′) with a few modifications to the PCR assay (initial denaturation at 95°C for 3 min, followed by 27 cycles with denaturation at 95°C for 30 s, annealing temperature at 55°C for 30 s, and elongation at 72°C for 30 s, and final extension at 72°C for 10 min). Illumina sequencing was performed as described previously ( Liu et al, 2017 ).…”

The effects of dietary reduced mineral elements and coated cysteamine supplementation on bacterial diversity in the ileum of finishing pigs

“…In the present study, based on the 16S rRNA gene analyses, the Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were numerically dominant in the finishing pig ileum with the abundance higher than 96%. Other studies have shown that the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were numerically dominant in fecal microbiota from finishing pigs with the highest abundance (Heinritz et al, ; Liu et al, ). This indicated that the dominant bacterial community at different intestinal sections was different in the finishing pigs.…”