Effects and Role of Estrogens in Avian Gonadal Differentiation

Scheib, D

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-69150-8_15

Cited by 92 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…(28) Synthetic inhibitors of the estrogen-synthesising enzyme, aromatase, can induce permanent female-to-male sex reversal. (29) The left gonad is masculinized (failing to form a normal cortex), while the right gonad becomes a testis.…”

Section: Z Dosage or Dominant W?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ascending the phylogenetic tree, from fishes to eutherian mammals, a diminishing role for sex steroids is apparent. Gonadal sex differentiation is widely susceptible to estrogens and androgens in fishes and amphibians, (36,37) and susceptible to estrogens in reptiles, (1) birds, (28) and marsupials. (38) In eutherian mammals (mice, humans, etc.…”

Section: Z Dosage or Dominant W?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(51) The higher expression in female gonads may be correlated with its greater steroidogenic activity, especially in terms of estrogen synthesis, compared to the testis. (28,57) SF1 may therefore play a role in female-enhanced steroidogenesis, although it alone is unlikely to activate aromatase, as males also express SF1 but not aromatase (Fig. 4).…”

Section: Conserved Genes Within the Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FET1 is unrelated to ASW, but is located on the euchromatic short arm of the W and does not appear to have a Z homologue. It is expressed almost exclusively in the female urogenital system, with strong expression in the gonads leading up to time of sexual differentiation (day 4.5-6.5; stage [25][26][27][28][29][30] (Fig. 4).…”

Section: Dmrt1 and The Z Dosage Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex determination: insights from the chicken

2004

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SummaryNot all vertebrates share the familiar system of XX:XY sex determination seen in mammals. In the chicken and other birds, sex is determined by a ZZ:ZW sex chromosome system. Gonadal development in the chicken has provided insights into the molecular genetics of vertebrate sex determination and how it has evolved. Such comparative studies show that vertebrate sex-determining pathways comprise both conserved and divergent elements. The chicken embryo resembles lower vertebrates in that estrogens play a central role in gonadal sex differentiation. However, several genes shown to be critical for mammalian sex determination are also expressed in the chicken, but their expression patterns differ, indicating functional plasticity. While the genetic trigger for sex determination in birds remains unknown, some promising candidate genes have recently emerged. The Z-linked gene, DMRT1, supports the Z-dosage model of avian sex determination. Two novel W-linked genes, ASW and FET1, represent candidate female determinants.

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Section: Z Dosage or Dominant W?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Z Dosage or Dominant W?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conserved Genes Within the Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dmrt1 and The Z Dosage Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex determination: insights from the chicken

2004

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“…They differentiate into male germ cells in the developing testis and into female germ cells in the developing ovary. In nonmammalian vertebrates, the sex reversal of gonads has been demonstrated in both sexes (Reinboth, 1983;Scheib, 1983). In teleost fish, in particular, a complete sex reversal of gonads in both sexes can be induced by the administration of sex steroid hormones, and in some cases, by modulating environmental factors (Yamamoto, 1953(Yamamoto, , 1958(Yamamoto, , 1969Nakamura et al, 1998;Baroiller et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual dimorphic expression of DMRT1 and Sox9a during gonadal differentiation and hormone‐induced sex reversal in the teleost fish Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Kobayashi

Kajiura-Kobayashi

Guan

et al. 2007

Developmental Dynamics

163

107

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We examined the expression profiles of tDMRT1 and Sox9a during gonadal sex differentiation and hormoneinduced sex reversal. tDMRT1 was detected in the gonial germ-cell-surrounding cells in XY fry specifically before the appearance of any signs of morphological sex differentiation, that is, sex differences in germ cell number and histogenesis, such as differentiation into intratesticular efferent duct or ovarian cavity. The signals became localized in the Sertoli and epithelial cells comprising the efferent duct during gonadal differentiation. After the induction of XY sex reversal with estrogen, tDMRT1 decreased and then disappeared completely. In contrast, tDMRT1 was expressed in the germ-cell-surrounding cells in XX sex reversal with androgen. On the other hand, Sox9a did not show sexual dimorphism before the appearance of sex differences in histogenesis and was not expressed in the efferent duct in the testis. These results suggest that tDMRT1 is a superior testicular differentiation marker in tilapia. Developmental Dynamics 237: 297-306, 2008.

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Early expression ofAMH in chicken embryonic gonads precedes testicularSOX9 expression

et al. 1998

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In mammals, anti-Mu ¨llerian hormone (AMH) is produced by Sertoli cells from the onset of testicular differentiation and by granulosa cells only after birth. SOX9, a transcription factor related to the testis-determining factor SRY, is expressed in mouse testis 1 day before AMH. To determine the relationship between AMH and SOX9 in birds, we cloned the AMH promoter in search of SOX9 response elements, and we compared the expression of AMH and SOX9 in the gonads of chick embryos using in situ hybridization. Potential SOX response elements were found in the AMH promoter; however, AMH is expressed in both sexes at stage 25, 1 day before the first SOX9 transcripts appear in the male gonads. SOX9 is never expressed in the female. These results do not support the hypothesis that SOX9 could trigger the expression of testicular AMH in the chick but does not exclude a later role in testis development.

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Effects and Role of Estrogens in Avian Gonadal Differentiation

Cited by 92 publications

References 40 publications

Sex determination: insights from the chicken

Sex determination: insights from the chicken

Sexual dimorphic expression of DMRT1 and Sox9a during gonadal differentiation and hormone‐induced sex reversal in the teleost fish Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Early expression ofAMH in chicken embryonic gonads precedes testicularSOX9 expression

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