Effectiveness of the mRNA-1273 Vaccine during a SARS-CoV-2 Delta Outbreak in a Prison

Chin, Elizabeth T; Leidner, David; Zhang, Yifan; Long, Elizabeth E.; Prince, Lea; Liu, Ying; Andrews, Jason R; Studdert, David M.; Goldhaber-Fiebert, Jeremy D.; Salomon, Joshua A.

doi:10.1056/nejmc2114089

Cited by 30 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…High vaccine coverage is needed to mitigate COVID-19 transmission in congregate, high-density settings such as prisons and jails, especially amidst viral variants ( Ryckman et al, 2021 , Chin et al, 2021 ). Studies in US prisons have identified differences in COVID-19 vaccine uptake across demographic groups ( Chin et al, 2021 , Hagan et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy among residents of Northern California jails

Liu

Oto

Will

et al. 2022

Preventive Medicine Reports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy among residents of Northern California jails

Liu

Oto

Will

et al. 2022

Preventive Medicine Reports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…High vaccine coverage is needed to mitigate COVID-19 transmission in congregate, high-density settings such as prisons and jails, especially in the context of existing and future viral variants [9,10]. Despite the importance of achieving high vaccination rates in this population, there is a paucity of data on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and reasons for hesitancy among incarcerated individuals to guide evidence-based vaccination efforts.…”

Section: Introduction (312 Words)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy among residents of Northern California jails

Liu

Oto

Will

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundCarceral facilities are high-risk settings for COVID-19 transmission. Understanding of factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy among incarcerated individuals is incomplete, especially for people living in jails.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of COVID-19 vaccination data from the electronic health record (EHR) of residents in two Northern California county jails to examine factors associated with vaccine uptake in this population. We additionally administered a survey in four jails to assess reasons for vaccine hesitancy, sources of COVID-19 information, and medical mistrust. We performed multivariate logistic regression to determine associations with vaccine uptake or hesitancy.ResultsOf 2,584 jail residents offered a COVID-19 vaccine between March 19, 2021 and June 30, 2021, 1,464 (56.7%) accepted at least one dose. Among vaccinated residents, 538 (36.7%) initially refused the vaccine. Vaccine uptake was higher among older individuals, women, those with recent flu vaccination, and those living in shared cells or open dorms. Leading reasons for vaccine hesitancy included concerns around side effects and suboptimal efficacy. Television and friends/family were the most commonly cited and the most trusted sources of COVID-19 information, respectively. Vaccine acceptance was associated with increased trust in COVID-19 information sources and in medical personnel both in and out of jail.ConclusionOngoing evidence-based COVID-19 vaccination efforts are needed in high-risk carceral settings. Effective interventions to improve vaccination rates in this population should utilize accessible and trusted sources of information to address concerns about vaccine side effects and efficacy and foster medical trust.

show abstract

“…27,28 A prison outbreak study when Delta predominated, found VE of 56.6% against infection (80.5% in those previously infected) and 84.2% against symptomatic infection. 48 BNT162b2 antibody studies show high antibody titers (same specific antibodies as above) postvaccination that wane by 2-6 months (more rapidly in immunosuppressed adults), and increase with boosting. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] VE studies show high protection against infection with durability for 6 months (90-95%) earlier in the pandemic when Alpha and Beta variants predominated, but with waning to as low as 20% later when Beta and Delta variants predominated; VE against severe disease (hospitalization and death) remained high (>90%) throughout the pandemic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Comparison of Antibody Response Durability of mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, and Ad26.COV2.S SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines in Healthcare Workers

Brunner

Freilich

Victory

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ImportanceThere is a dearth of comparative immunologic durability data after COVID-19 vaccinations.ObjectiveTo compare antibody responses and vaccine effectiveness 8.4 months post-primary COVID-19 vaccination.DesignSetting and Participants: In this cohort study of 903 healthcare workers who completed surveys about baseline characteristics and COVID-19 vaccine/infection history, 647 had antibody assays completed and were included herein.ExposureCOVID-19 vaccination with mRNA-1273 (n=387); BNT162b2 (n=212); or Ad26.COV2.S (n=10); unvaccinated (n=10); or boosted (n=28).Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was IgG anti-spike titer. Secondary/tertiary outcomes included IgG spike receptor-binding domain competitive antibody blocking ELISA pseudoneutralization against the USA-WA1/2020 strain, and vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19 infection. Antibody levels were compared using ANOVA and multiple linear regression.ResultsMean age was 49.7, 75.3% were female, and mean comorbidities/patient was 0.7. Baseline variables were balanced (p>.05) except for immunosuppression (higher in boosted, p=.047), prior COVID-19 infections (higher with Ad26.COV2.S and unvaccinated, p<.001), and time since primary vaccination (higher with mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 than Ad26.COV2.S, p<.001).Unadjusted median (IQR) IgG anti-spike titers (AU/mL) were 1539.5 (876.7-2626.7) for mRNA-1273, 751.2 (422.0-1381.5) for BNT162b2, 451.6 (103.0-2396.7) for Ad26.COV2.S, 113.4 (3.7-194.0) for unvaccinated, and 31898.8 (21347.1-45820.1) for boosted (mRNA-1273 vs. BNT162b2, p<.001; mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, or boosted vs. unvaccinated, p<.006; mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, Ad26.COV2.S, or unvaccinated vs. boosted, p<.001; all other comparisons, p>.05). Unadjusted median (IQR) pseudoneutralization percentages were 90.9% (80.1-95.0) for mRNA-1273, 77.2% (59.1-89.9) for BNT162b2, 57.9% (36.6-95.8) for Ad26.COV2.S, 40.1% (21.7-60.6) for unvaccinated, and 96.4% (96.1-96.6) for boosted (mRNA-1273 vs. BNT162b2, p<.001; mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, or boosted vs. unvaccinated, p<.028; mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, Ad26.COV2.S, or unvaccinated vs. boosted, p<.001; all other comparisons, p>.05). Adjusted anti-spike and pseudoneutralization comparisons of mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 showed similar patterns (p<.001). Vaccine effectiveness was 87-89% for mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, and boosted, and 33% for Ad26.COV2.S; no group differences were statistically significant.Conclusions and RelevanceDurability of antibody responses 8.4 months after COVID-19 primary vaccination was significantly higher with mRNA-1273 than with BNT162b2, however, vaccine effectiveness was equivalent. Antibody responses and vaccine effectiveness were lower but not significantly different for Ad26.COV2.S; given statistical uncertainty in the small Ad26.COV2.S group, clinically important effects cannot be excluded.

show abstract

Effectiveness of the mRNA-1273 Vaccine during a SARS-CoV-2 Delta Outbreak in a Prison

Cited by 30 publications

References 5 publications

Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy among residents of Northern California jails

Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy among residents of Northern California jails

Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy among residents of Northern California jails

Comparison of Antibody Response Durability of mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, and Ad26.COV2.S SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines in Healthcare Workers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About