Effectiveness of plasma torches for ignition and flameholding in scramjet

Sato, Yukinori; Sayama, Masami; Ohwaki, Katsura; Masuya, Goro; Komuro, Tomoyuki; Kudou, Kenji; Murakami, Atsuo; Tani, Kazuo; Wakamatsu, Yoshio; Kanda, Takeshi; Chinzei, Nobuo; Kimura, Itsuro

doi:10.2514/3.23565

Cited by 52 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Historically, these techniques have ranged from pure electrical energy addition via low-and highfrequency pulsed discharges [3,4] and plasma jets/ torches [5][6][7], to a combination of electrical and chemical energy addition via fueled torches. [8] While pure electrical energy addition is attractive because of its simplicity, it is conceivable that considerable electrical energy would be required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cavity ignition in supersonic flow by spark discharge and pulse detonation

Ombrello

Carter

Tam

et al. 2015

Proceedings of the Combustion Institute

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Ignition of an ethylene fueled cavity in a supersonic flow was achieved through the application of two energy deposition techniques: a spark discharge and pulse detonator (PD). High-frequency shadowgraph and chemiluminescence imaging showed that the spark discharge ignition was passive with the ignition kernel and ensuing flame propagation following the cavity flowfield. The PD produced a high-pressure and temperature exhaust that allowed for ignition at lower tunnel temperatures and pressures than the spark discharge, but also caused significant disruption to the cavity flowfield dynamics. Under certain cavity fueling conditions a multiple regime ignition process occurred with the PD that led to decreased cavity burning and at times cavity extinction. Simulations were performed of the PD ignition process, capturing the decreased cavity burning observed in the experiments. The PD exhaust initially ignited and burned the fuel within the cavity rapidly. Simultaneously, the momentary elevated pressure from the detonation caused a blockage of the cavity fuel, starving the cavity until the PD completely exhausted and the flowfield could recover. With sufficiently high cavity fueling, the decrease in burning during the PD ignition process could be mitigated. Cavity fuel injection and entrainment of fuel through the shear layer from upstream injection allowed for the spark discharge ignition process to exhibit similar behavior with peaks and valleys of heat release (but to a lesser extent). The results of using the two energy deposition techniques emphasized the importance of cavity fueling and flowfield dynamics for successful ignition. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of The Combustion Institute.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cavity ignition in supersonic flow by spark discharge and pulse detonation

Ombrello

Carter

Tam

et al. 2015

Proceedings of the Combustion Institute

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“…The use of electric discharges is regarded (see, for example, [1][2][3][4][5][6]) to be a possible effective method of solving the problems of initiation and stabilization of combustion of fuel-and-air mixtures involved in applied aerodynamic problems under conditions where it is difficult to use conventional methods for these purposes (high velocities of flow, low static temperatures and pressures).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Judging by the parameters of the arc sources employed in [1][2][3][4][5][6], they injected approximately equilibrium plasma, i.e., plasma in which the electron temperature is close to the temperature of heavy components. Gallimore et al [6] observed that the intensity of plasma jets generated by arc sources is not sufficient for independent penetration across the flow into the main flow region, and that a careful combination is required of fuel injection devices and plasma generators which are capable of enhancing the effect of penetration of plasma jet, for example, by developing vortex structures upstream.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectroscopic investigations of longitudinal discharge in supersonic flow of air with injection of propane into the discharge zone

et al. 2008

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Results are given of investigations of a longitudinal contracted electric discharge in a supersonic flow of air at Mach number M = 2, static pressure of 3.47 × 10 4 Pa (260 torr), and discharge current of 1 A with injection of propane into the discharge zone via electrode located upstream. The special feature of the discharge is that only one, anode, branch is realized in this case. Emission spectroscopy is used to obtain data on the composition of radiating products arising in the process of conversion of fuel-and-air mixture in the discharge and on their space distribution. In particular, data are given on the distribution of intensity of radiation of C 2 , OH, CN, and CH radicals, as well as of atomic hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen, in a number of discharge channel sections. It is found that the main reaction zone in such a channel is preceded by the induction zone, where the development of reactions is hampered in spite of the electron flow in this zone. The employed procedure makes it possible to determine the variation of the transverse dimensions along the discharge channel and the details of flow such as a gradual shift of the gasdynamic lines of current due to the pattern of flow past the electrodes. Analysis of distribution of radiation intensity in the spectrum of atomic oxygen in a discharge without injection of propane gives estimates of the electron temperature which turns out to be approximately 1.1-1.2 eV.

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“…The development of the techniques of ignition control and combustion stabilization in near-wall supersonic air flow zones and combustion entrainment from a wall zone directly into the supersonic flow is of great interest. Wall flows in which fuel (hydrogen, methane, or ethylene) injection across the flow is combined with a plasma jet driven by an electric-arc source and also projected across the main flow have been investigated in a series of studies (see, for example, [1][2][3][4][5][6]). Judging from the arc source parameters used, the sources injected a plasma in which the electron temperature was close to the temperature of the heavy components.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Discharge channels longer than the arcs used previously [1][2][3][4][5][6] were generated in the present experiments at a static pressure of approximately 260 Torr so that the experiments could be carried out over long period without significant electrode erosion even under fuel injection conditions. In this case discharges could be generated both in the main flow region and in the wall zones.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of flows past a plate in the presence of exoergic processes driven by the interaction between a nonequilibrium electric discharge and a propane-air mixture

Ivanov¹,

Коган²,

Скворцов³

2006

Fluid Dyn

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Supersonic flow (M = 2) past a plate along which propane is injected is investigated within the framework of the solution of problems of combustion initiation and stabilization at low static temperatures and pressures in the presence of a nonequilibrium discharge and metal and dielectric interceptors mounted on the plate surface. The experiments show that two zones with exoergic reactions develop when a metal interceptor is mounted on the plate. One zone is located ahead of the leading separation zone and the other above and behind the interceptor edge, its boundary partially penetrating into the supersonic flow region. Using modern spectroscopic methods, the radiation intensity distributions of a series of plasmochemical reaction products are obtained in the neighborhood of the plate ahead of the interceptor, behind it, and above its edge. It is found that the fuel is intensively converted under the action of the discharge with the occurrence of a series of free radicals, atomic hydrogen and oxygen which are themselves chemically active.

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Effectiveness of plasma torches for ignition and flameholding in scramjet

Cited by 52 publications

References 1 publication

Cavity ignition in supersonic flow by spark discharge and pulse detonation

Cavity ignition in supersonic flow by spark discharge and pulse detonation

Spectroscopic investigations of longitudinal discharge in supersonic flow of air with injection of propane into the discharge zone

Investigation of flows past a plate in the presence of exoergic processes driven by the interaction between a nonequilibrium electric discharge and a propane-air mixture

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