Effectiveness of Kenikir (Cosmos caudatus Kunth.) Leaf Extract on Duodenal Epithelial Damage of Aspirin Induced Male White Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Alfina, Siti; Febriani, Husnarika; Syukriah, Syukriah

doi:10.19184/ams.v8i2.31304

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Morphometric is a quantitative observation to see the comparison of shapes. Small intestine morphometric measurements include villi height, crypt depth, villous apical width, villous basal width, and villous area (19,23). In the oral route, the jejunum is directly exposed to chlorpyrifos, this is one of the causes of the initial decrease in villous height.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sub-Chronic Low-Doses of Chlorpyrifos Exposure Alter Short Chain Fatty Acid Levels and Causes Insulin Resistance

Sakinah,

Mustika,

Wibisono

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Indonesia is an agricultural country which has more than 33 million workers in agriculture. Chlorpyrifos is an organophosphate pesticide that is extensively used in agriculture attributed to its broad application on crops. The primary route of human exposure to pesticide residues is through oral ingestion. The specific toxic effect of chlorpyrifos exposure appeared to be associated with dysbiosis, reduced short-chain fatty acid (SCFA), and the incidence of hyperglycemia depending on the dose and duration. This study aims to evaluate the impact of chlorpyrifos exposure on SCFA levels-induced insulin resistance. Methods Thirty Wistar rats were divided into five different time exposure groups [0 days (Control group), 7 days (P1), 14 days (P2), 28 days (P3), and 56 days (P4)]. Chlorpyrifos was given 5 mg/kg BW orally every day. Jejunum villi height was measured to observe the intestinal barrier tight junction, and SCFA was evaluated by GCMS methods. Fasting blood glucose and fasting insulin were measured to calculate Homeostasis Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Results Oral exposure of chlorpyrifos decreased jejunum villi height, total SCFA levels, and increased the fasting blood glucose, the fasting insulin and HOMA-IR levels. P4 group (day 56) was lower jejunum villi height, lower total SCFA level, higher fasting blood glucose, higher fasting insulin and higher HOMA-IR levels than the control group (day 0) at p < 0.05 using ANOVA. Conclusion Sub-chronic low-dose chlorpyrifos exposure (5 mg/kg daily for 56 days) in rats led to significant insulin resistance and reduced SCFA levels. The strong time-effect relationship suggests that negative impact increasing with time and become prominent by day 56. These findings can provide valuable insights to users/farmers regarding the potential limitations on the duration of daily exposure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sub-Chronic Low-Doses of Chlorpyrifos Exposure Alter Short Chain Fatty Acid Levels and Causes Insulin Resistance

Sakinah,

Mustika,

Wibisono

et al. 2023

Preprint

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show abstract

“…The mechanism of duodenal mucosal damage begins with epithelial desquamation, which refers to the detachment of epithelial cells from the tissue surface. In the duodenum, this process serves as a defense mechanism in response to irritants, aiming to prevent additional harm (Alfina et al 2022). The elevated concentrations of glutamic acid in the body, which are generated by MSG, are responsible for this damage.…”

Section: Histopathology Of the Duodenal Organsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological Study of Mice (Mus musculus Linn.) Digestive Organs Induced by Monosodium Glutamate after Consuming Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.) Tea

Sistra,

Wiratmini,

Sukmaningsih

2023

FMI

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Highlights: 1. This original study examined the antioxidants compounds derived from naturally sourced Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx 2. Hibiscus sabdariffa tea was able to maintain histological damage such as necrosis, degeneration cell, villous erosion, and epithelial desquamation of mice digestive organs after induced by MSG Abstract Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is one of the most frequently used synthetic additive for food flavoring ingredient. Excessive use of MSG can cause cytotoxic effects which impacted the levels of oxidative stress and free radicals in the body, especially in the human digestive system. Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) is a plant that is known to has red flower petals, and has lots of beneficial active compounds such as polyphenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and other compounds which are antioxidants that function as free radical antidotes. This research aims to determine consumption effect of administration roselle tea, as well as its optimal dose for digestive organs restoration on MSG-induced mice. This research applied the completely randomized method, using 25 mice. Mice were divided into 5 treatments, consisting of K- (0.3 ml aquades), K+ (given 4 mg/g bw MSG), P1 (given 4 mg/g bw MSG and 2.6 mg/g bw Roselle), P2 (given 4 mg/g bw MSG and 3.9 mg/g bw Roselle), P3 (given 4 mg/g bw MSG and 5.2 mg/g bw Roselle). Treatment was administered orally using a gavage for 30 days. Histopathological examination of the stomach, duodenum, and liver was made by using the paraffin method and Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining. Parameters observed in the stomach and duodenum were necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, villous erosion and epithelial desquamation, while in the hepatic organ parameters observed were necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration and cell degeneration. The results of the parameters were statistically analyzed using the SPSS for windows version 22 application program. Normal and homogeneous data distribution was analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test, analyzed by One-Way ANOVA test, followed by Duncan Post-Hoc test if the data were normally distributed and there were significant differences (P < 0.05) between groups. In conclusion, the infusion of roselle tea (H. sabdariffa) with graded doses were able to recover histological damage in the stomach, duodenum, and liver of mice (Mus musculus) that had been induced by MSG.

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The Effect of Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) Seed Ethanol Extract on Blood Sugar Levels and Anti-Inflammatory Reduction on Wistar Albino Rats Streptozotocin-Induced Gestational Diabetes

Manurung

Lim

Siahaan

et al. 2023

RJPT

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Gestational Diabetes Mellitus is a disorder of carbohydrate tolerance that results in increased blood sugar levels and was first recognised during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. It is a health problem that has a direct impact on the health of the mother and fetus. The purpose of this study was to analyse the effect of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) Seed Ethanol Extract on reducing Blood Sugar Levels and Inflammation in Wistar Albino Rats with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus induced by Streptozotocin. This study used a laboratory experimental research design with a post-test only control group design on Wistar Albino Rats with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. The sample was obtained by the simple random sampling method. The results showed that the lowest spectrophotometer KGD level was in group C given Streptozotocin 45mg/kg BW + Metformin 45mg/kg BW with a p value of 0.003, which means there was a significant difference between groups and the lowest Interleukin-6 level. In group C, they were given Streptozotocin 45mg/kg BW + Metformin 45mg/kg BW with a p value of 0.511, meaning there was no significant difference between groups. Jackfruit seed ethanol extract functions as a lowering of blood sugar levels and an anti-inflammatory.

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Effectiveness of Kenikir (Cosmos caudatus Kunth.) Leaf Extract on Duodenal Epithelial Damage of Aspirin Induced Male White Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

Sub-Chronic Low-Doses of Chlorpyrifos Exposure Alter Short Chain Fatty Acid Levels and Causes Insulin Resistance

Sub-Chronic Low-Doses of Chlorpyrifos Exposure Alter Short Chain Fatty Acid Levels and Causes Insulin Resistance

Histological Study of Mice (Mus musculus Linn.) Digestive Organs Induced by Monosodium Glutamate after Consuming Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.) Tea

The Effect of Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) Seed Ethanol Extract on Blood Sugar Levels and Anti-Inflammatory Reduction on Wistar Albino Rats Streptozotocin-Induced Gestational Diabetes

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