Effectiveness of Disinfectants Against <i>Candida auris</i> and Other <i>Candida</i> Species

Cadnum, Jennifer L.; Shaikh, Aaron; Piedrahita, Christina; Sankar, Thriveen; Jencson, Annette; Larkin, Emily L; Ghannoum, Mahmoud A.; Donskey, Curtis J.

doi:10.1017/ice.2017.162

Cited by 163 publications

(165 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The explanation for this was most likely the use of surface cationic‐active products, as it was not known until very recently that these products, as well as quaternary ammonium disinfectants, cannot effectively remove C. auris from surfaces. At present, it has been recommended to use disinfectants with sporicidal activity or hydrogen peroxide‐based products to clean surfaces in rooms of patients infected or colonised with C. auris due to its high efficiency in removing this species from inert surfaces . Furthermore, the capacity of C. auris to survive and persist for several days in clinical environments is well known and facilitates a potential route for dissemination of this emerging and multidrug‐resistant pathogen…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This feature could be due to the use of cationic surface‐active products like quaternary ammonium, disinfectants that until very recently its efficacy against this species was unknown. Currently, the activity of sporicidal disinfectants and hydrogen peroxide‐based disinfectants against C. auris has been demonstrated . Likewise, many colonised biomedical devices could be also implicated in cross‐infection, maintenance of reservoirs and therefore persistence of an outbreak …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An outbreak due to Candida auris with prolonged colonisation and candidaemia in a tertiary care European hospital

Ruiz-Gaitán

Moret

Tasias-Pitarch

et al. 2018

Mycoses

260

285

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Multidrug-resistant Candida auris has emerged as a cause of insidious hospital outbreaks and complicated infections. We present the analysis of an ongoing C. auris outbreak including the largest published series of C. auris bloodstream infection. All C. auris-positive patients from April-2016 to January-2017 were included. Environmental, clinical and microbiological data were recorded. Definitive isolate identification was performed by ITS-rDNA sequencing, and typing by amplified fragment length polymorphism fingerprinting. One hundred and forty patients were colonised by C. auris during the studied period (68% from surgical intensive care). Although control measures were implemented, we were not able to control the outbreak. Forty-one invasive bloodstream infections (87.8% from surgical intensive care) were included. Clinical management included prompt intravascular catheter removal and antifungal therapy with echinocandins. All isolates were fluconazole- and voriconazole-resistant, but echinocandin- and amphotericin B-susceptible. Thirty-day mortality rate was 41.4%, and severe septic metastasis as spondylodiscitis and endocarditis were observed in 5 patients (12%). C. auris was also recovered from inanimate patient surroundings and medical equipment. Despite antifungal treatment, high mortality and late complication rates were recorded. Molecular typing suggested a clonal outbreak different from those previously published.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An outbreak due to Candida auris with prolonged colonisation and candidaemia in a tertiary care European hospital

Ruiz-Gaitán

Moret

Tasias-Pitarch

et al. 2018

Mycoses

260

285

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…149 The susceptibility of C auris to germicides (ie, antiseptics and disinfectants) has been studied by several investigators. 139,144,[150][151][152][153] Rutala et al 153 assessed the germicidal activity of high-level disinfectants and/or chemical sterilants and reported that all agents (ie, 0.20% peracetic acid, 2.4% glutaraldehyde, 0.65% hydrogen peroxide plus 0.14% peroxyacetic acid, 2% accelerated hydrogen peroxide) achieved a ≥4.1-log 10 reduction of C auris with the exception of 0.55% ortho-phthalaldehyde that achieved only a 2.3-log 10 inactivation for E coli. Importantly, these in vitro experiments were done under challenging conditions (ie, 5% fetal calf serum and 1-minute exposure time).…”

Section: Susceptibility To Germicidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New and emerging infectious diseases (Ebola, Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome coronavirus, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, Candida auris): Focus on environmental survival and germicide susceptibility

Weber

Sickbert-Bennett

Kanamori

et al. 2019

American Journal of Infection Control

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“…auris . Other products resulting in ≥5 log 10 CFU reduction include hydrogen peroxide (1.4%), peracetic acid (1200 ppm) with hydrogen peroxide (<1%) and acetic acid, and improved hydrogen peroxide (0.5%) . Ethyl‐alcohol (29.4%) produced a <3 log 10 CFU reduction …”

Section: Infection Prevention and Control Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis, management and prevention of Candida auris in hospitals: position statement of the Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases

Ong

Chen

Clark

et al. 2019

Internal Medicine Journal

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Candida auris is an emerging drug‐resistant yeast responsible for hospital outbreaks. This statement reviews the evidence regarding diagnosis, treatment and prevention of this organism and provides consensus recommendations for clinicians and microbiologists in Australia and New Zealand. C. auris has been isolated in over 30 countries (including Australia). Bloodstream infections are the most frequently reported infections. Infections have crude mortality of 30–60%. Acquisition is generally healthcare‐associated and risks include underlying chronic disease, immunocompromise and presence of indwelling medical devices. C. auris may be misidentified by conventional phenotypic methods. Matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionisation time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry or sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer regions and/or the D1/D2 regions of the 28S ribosomal DNA are therefore required for definitive laboratory identification. Antifungal drug resistance, particularly to fluconazole, is common, with variable resistance to amphotericin B and echinocandins. Echinocandins are currently recommended as first‐line therapy for infection in adults and children ≥2 months of age. For neonates and infants <2 months of age, amphotericin B deoxycholate is recommended. Healthcare facilities with C. auris should implement a multimodal control response. Colonised or infected patients should be isolated in single rooms with Standard and Contact Precautions. Close contacts, patients transferred from facilities with endemic C. auris or admitted following stay in overseas healthcare institutions should be pre‐emptively isolated and screened for colonisation. Composite swabs of the axilla and groin should be collected. Routine screening of healthcare workers and the environment is not recommended. Detergents and sporicidal disinfectants should be used for environmental decontamination.

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Effectiveness of Disinfectants Against Candida auris and Other Candida Species

Cited by 163 publications

References 5 publications

An outbreak due to Candida auris with prolonged colonisation and candidaemia in a tertiary care European hospital

An outbreak due to Candida auris with prolonged colonisation and candidaemia in a tertiary care European hospital

New and emerging infectious diseases (Ebola, Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome coronavirus, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, Candida auris): Focus on environmental survival and germicide susceptibility

Diagnosis, management and prevention of Candida auris in hospitals: position statement of the Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases

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