Effectiveness of a Smart Hydrogel in Well Leakage Remediation

Welch, Nathan; Gilbertson, Robert D.; Boukhalfa, Hakim; Roback, Robert; Carey, J. William; Goodman, Harvey; Rösli, Ursula; Gisiger, Jocelyn; Espie, Tony; Minnig, Christian

doi:10.2118/201682-ms

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 21 publications

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“…Another challenge for silicate gels is that when the gelation time increases, the gel strength will be reduced accordingly . For polymer gels, CO 2 - or pH-activated “smart” hydrogels are commonly used and most studied …”

Section: Sealant Materials For Co2 Leakage Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Review of Sealant Materials for Leakage Remediation Technology in Geological CO₂ Capture and Storage Process

et al. 2021

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Carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology has been widely investigated to decrease the greenhouse effect. Geological CO2 storage sites are targeted mainly on depleted petroleum reservoirs or deep saline aquifers. However, CO2 leakage might take place through wellbores, cap rocks, reservoir fractures, or faults during or after the process of CO2 storage leading to environmental problems. To minimize these hazards, different kinds of sealants have been developed and applied. This review aims to summarize those materials applicable to CO2 leakage remediation. On the basis of the sealing mechanisms and compositions of different sealant materials, they were divided into seven major types: Portland cement, geopolymer cement, resins, biofilms barriers, gel systems, foams, and nanoparticles. For different types of sealants, their application background, chemical and physical properties, CO2 leakage remediation mechanism, impact factors of sealing performance, advantages, and limitations were summarized. Future development directions for these sealant materials are also recommended. To solve the problem caused by the weak acid-resistant performance of Portland cement, anti-CO2 materials should be developed and added to the formulation. Environmentally friendly materials need to be designed to replace some current user-hostile compositions in the geopolymer cement. Moreover, chemicals that can control the geopolymerization process are also required because of the high curing temperature requirement for the recent geopolymer productions. The injectivity of Portland cement and resin limits its application for in-depth CO2 leakage control; however, gels with relatively low viscosity during the injection can be a good alternative, although their thermal stability and strength need to be further enhanced. Biotechnology and nanotechnology are perspectives to be applied in the CO2 leakage control process. Foams with good stability might be used for CO2 leakage remediation in the porous medium without fractures, but their life cycle should be prolonged.

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Section: Sealant Materials For Co2 Leakage Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Review of Sealant Materials for Leakage Remediation Technology in Geological CO₂ Capture and Storage Process

et al. 2021

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Development and Applications of CO2-Responsive Gels in CO2 Flooding and Geological Storage

Ding,

Zhao,

Wen

et al. 2023

Gels

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Gel systems are widely used as plugging materials in the oil and gas industry. Gas channeling can be mitigated by reducing the heterogeneity of the formation and the mobility ratio of CO2 to crude oil. Cracks and other CO2 leaking pathways can be plugged during the geological storage of CO2 to increase the storage stability. By adding CO2-responsive groups to the classic polymer gel’s molecular chain, CO2 responsive gel is able to seal and recognize CO2 in the formation while maintaining the superior performance of traditional polymer gel. The application of CO2 responsive gels in oil and gas production is still in the stage of laboratory testing on the whole. To actually achieve the commercial application of CO2 responsive gels in the oil and gas industry, it is imperative to thoroughly understand the CO2 responsive mechanisms of the various types of CO2 responsive gels, as well as the advantages and drawbacks of the gels and the direction of future development prospects. This work provides an overview of the research progress and response mechanisms of various types of CO2 responsive groups and CO2 responsive gels. Studies of the CO2 responsive gel development, injectivity, and plugging performance are comprehensively reviewed and summarized. The shortcomings of the existing CO2 responsive gels system are discussed and the paths for future CO2 responsive gel development are suggested.

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Effectiveness of a Smart Hydrogel in Well Leakage Remediation

Cited by 2 publications

References 21 publications

Comprehensive Review of Sealant Materials for Leakage Remediation Technology in Geological CO₂ Capture and Storage Process

Comprehensive Review of Sealant Materials for Leakage Remediation Technology in Geological CO₂ Capture and Storage Process

Development and Applications of CO2-Responsive Gels in CO2 Flooding and Geological Storage

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Effectiveness of a Smart Hydrogel in Well Leakage Remediation

Cited by 2 publications

References 21 publications

Comprehensive Review of Sealant Materials for Leakage Remediation Technology in Geological CO2 Capture and Storage Process

Comprehensive Review of Sealant Materials for Leakage Remediation Technology in Geological CO2 Capture and Storage Process

Development and Applications of CO2-Responsive Gels in CO2 Flooding and Geological Storage

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Product

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Comprehensive Review of Sealant Materials for Leakage Remediation Technology in Geological CO₂ Capture and Storage Process

Comprehensive Review of Sealant Materials for Leakage Remediation Technology in Geological CO₂ Capture and Storage Process