Effective training for patients with intermittent claudication

Slørdahl, Stig A.; Wang, Eivind; Hoff, Jan; Kemi, Ole Johan; Amundsen, Brage H.; Helgerud, Jan

doi:10.1080/14017430510035844

Cited by 62 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…1 and Table 2). Previously, this high aerobic intensity exercise training approach has revealed consistent and relatively impressive training adaptations across age in healthy individuals Osteras et al 2005) and in a range of patient populations (Slordahl et al 2005;Tjonna et al 2008;Wisloff et al 2007). However, both training status and variations in basal metabolic capacity can confound comparisons of exercise-induced changes across such groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, as exercise intensity has been well documented as a crucial stimulus to maintain and improve VO 2max in young subjects , it is highly likely that the reduction in exercise intensity may have a major impact also on VO 2max in the old. Additionally, although similar percentage improvements of 10-30 % in VO 2max have been commonly documented following effective aerobic endurance training interventions in both young and old subjects, conclusions about exercise-induced metabolic plasticity have been clouded by differences in initial aerobic fitness Helgerud et al 2011;Osteras et al 2005;Slordahl et al 2005;Wisloff et al 2007). Adaptations to both central and peripheral components of the oxygen transport system contribute to changes in VO 2max , with increases in Q max , achieved by an enhanced SV, suggested to be important in augmenting whole body exercise capacity Helgerud et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…However, we would contend that the novelty of the current study is that the subjects were matched for initial baseline VO 2max and several previous studies have already tackled the effect of highintensity aerobic training in young and old subjects not matched for aerobic capacity Helgerud et al 2011;Osteras et al 2005;Slordahl et al 2005;Wisloff et al 2007). Additional measurements to actually elucidate the mechanisms responsible for the attenuated Q max , SV max , and HR max with age would certainly have been preferable.…”

Section: Experimental Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exercise-training-induced changes in metabolic capacity with age: the role of central cardiovascular plasticity

Wang

Næss

Hoff

et al. 2013

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Although aging is typically associated with a decline in maximal oxygen consumption (VO 2max ), young and old subjects, of similar initial muscle metabolic capacity, increased quadriceps VO 2max equally when this small muscle mass was trained in isolation. As it is unclear if this preserved exercise-induced plasticity with age is still evident with centrally challenging whole body exercise, we assessed maximal exercise responses in 13 young (24±2 years) and 13 old (60± 3 years) males, matched for cycling VO 2max (3.82±0.66 and 3.69±0.30 L min −1 , respectively), both before and after 8 weeks of high aerobic intensity cycle exercise training. As a consequence of the training both young and old significantly improved VO 2max (13±6 vs. 6± 7 %) and maximal power output (20±6 vs. 10±6 %, respectively) from baseline, however, the young exhibited a significantly larger increase than the old. Similarly, independently assessed maximal cardiac output (Q max ) tended to increase more in the young (16 ±14 %) than in the old (11±12 %), with no change in a-vO 2 difference in either group. Further examination of the components of Q max provided additional evidence of reduced exercise-induced plasticity in both maximal heart rate (young −3 %, old 0 %) and stroke volume (young 19± 15, old 11± 11 %) in the old. In combination, these findings imply that limited central cardiovascular plasticity may be responsible, at least in part, for the attenuated response to whole body exercise training with increasing age.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Experimental Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exercise-training-induced changes in metabolic capacity with age: the role of central cardiovascular plasticity

Wang

Næss

Hoff

et al. 2013

AGE

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“…A meta-analysis (Gardner and Poehlman 1995) showed that maximal walking time in a continuous walking protocol on average improved by 120% after a training intervention. A few studies have also included peak oxygen consumption (VO 2peak ) as a more accurate measure of physical capacity (Hiatt et al 1990;Slordahl et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plantar flexion: an effective training for peripheral arterial disease

et al. 2008

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This study examined whether a training intervention likely to elicit adaptations in the leg could result in reduced leg pain and increased whole body physical capacity. Twenty-seven peripheral arterial disease (PAD) patients were randomized to either an individual leg plantar flexion training group (TG) training 4 x 4 min intervals at 80% of maximal work rate three times per week for 8 weeks or a control group. The TG significantly increased plantar flexion peak oxygen uptake and power output by 23.5 and 43.9%, respectively. Treadmill peak oxygen uptake (VO(2peak)) significantly increased 12.3% in the TG and was associated with a significant increased time to exhaustion of 20.0% when treadmill walking. Eleven of 14 patients no longer reported leg pain limitations at VO(2peak). No differences in cardiac output measured at VO(2peak), or walking economy were observed. Plantar flexion training was effective in increasing VO(2peak) and walking performance, and may be a useful strategy in treatment of PAD.

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“…This is in line with previous studies that showed greater efficiency of high-intensity interval training over moderate-intensity exercise in improving cardiorespiratory fitness of healthy subjects, 23 as well as in coronary artery disease, 24 heart failure, 40 metabolic syndrome 16 and intermittent claudication patients. 41 The superiority of high-intensity interval training for improving cardiorespiratory fitness has important clinical implications because there is a strong association between low cardiorespiratory fitness and incidence of HPT. 9 Of all established risk factors, low cardiorespiratory fitness seems to be the strongest predictor of mortality.…”

Section: Pwvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of high-intensity aerobic interval training vs. moderate exercise on hemodynamic, metabolic and neuro-humoral abnormalities of young normotensive women at high familial risk for hypertension

et al. 2010

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Exercise training has an important role in the prevention and treatment of hypertension, but its effects on the early metabolic and hemodynamic abnormalities observed in normotensive offspring of hypertensive parents (FH+) have not been studied. We compared high-intensity interval (aerobic interval training, AIT) and moderate-intensity continuous exercise training (CMT) with regard to hemodynamic, metabolic and hormonal variables in FH+ subjects. Forty-four healthy FH+ women (25.0 ± 4.4 years) randomized to control (ConFH+) or to a three times per week equal-volume AIT (80-90% of VO 2MAX ) or CMT (50-60% of VO 2MAX ) regimen, and 15 healthy women with normotensive parents (ConFHÀ; 25.3 ± 3.1 years) had their hemodynamic, metabolic and hormonal variables analyzed at baseline and after 16 weeks of follow-up. Ambulatorial blood pressure (ABP), glucose and cholesterol levels were similar among all groups, but the FH+ groups showed higher insulin, insulin sensitivity, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), norepinephrine and endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels and lower nitrite/nitrate (NOx) levels than ConFHÀ subjects. AIT and CMT were equally effective in improving ABP (Po0.05), insulin and insulin sensitivity (Po0.001); however, AIT was superior in improving cardiorespiratory fitness (15 vs. 8%; Po0.05), PWV (Po0.01), and BP, norepinephrine, ET-1 and NOx response to exercise (Po0.05). Exercise intensity was an important factor in improving cardiorespiratory fitness and reversing hemodynamic, metabolic and hormonal alterations involved in the pathophysiology of hypertension. These findings may have important implications for the exercise training programs used for the prevention of inherited hypertensive disorder. Keywords: arterial stiffness; endothelial function; exercise; nervous system, sympathetic; prevention INTRODUCTION Essential arterial hypertension (HPT) is the most common risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and is associated with substantial health-care expenditures. 1,2 Consequently, primary prevention for individuals at high risk for HPT has been emphasized. 3 Among the population at high risk for HPT, those who have hypertensive parents (FH+) are worthy of special attention. It has been well established that a positive family history of HPT is a strong risk factor for future HPT in nonhypertensive offspring, independent of other risk factors. 4 Moreover, hemodynamic, metabolic and hormonal abnormalities, as well as concentrations of biomarkers that may have a key role in the development of HPT, are increased in nonhypertensive offspring of parents with HPT. [5][6][7]

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Effective training for patients with intermittent claudication

Cited by 62 publications

References 33 publications

Exercise-training-induced changes in metabolic capacity with age: the role of central cardiovascular plasticity

Exercise-training-induced changes in metabolic capacity with age: the role of central cardiovascular plasticity

Plantar flexion: an effective training for peripheral arterial disease

Effects of high-intensity aerobic interval training vs. moderate exercise on hemodynamic, metabolic and neuro-humoral abnormalities of young normotensive women at high familial risk for hypertension

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