Effective Interventions in Overweight or Obese Young Children: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Hoek, Esther van; Feskens, Edith J. M.; Bouwman, L.I.; Janse, A.

doi:10.1089/chi.2013.0149

Cited by 40 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(142 reference statements)

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“…The reference lists of the remaining 45 meta‐analyses were scanned and another six meta‐analyses were added to the data set. This resulted in a collection of 51 meta‐analyses , of which relevant information was extracted using the PICOC method.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interventions aimed at preventing and reducing overweight/obesity among children and adolescents: a meta‐synthesis

et al. 2018

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The prevalence of child and adolescent obesity has been a major worldwide problem for decades. To stop the number of youth with overweight/obesity from increasing, numerous interventions focusing on improving children's weight status have been implemented. The growing body of research on weight-related interventions for youth has been summarized by several meta-analyses aiming to provide an overview of the effectiveness of interventions. Yet, the number of meta-analyses is expanding so quickly and overall results differ, making a comprehensive synopsis of the literature difficult. To tackle this problem, a meta-synthesis was conducted to draw informed conclusions about the state of the effectiveness of interventions targeting child and adolescent overweight. The results of the quantitative synthesis of 26 meta-analyses resulted in a standardized mean difference (SMD) of -0.12 (95%CI: -0.16, -0.08). Several moderator analyses showed that participant and intervention characteristics had little impact on the overall effect size. However, a moderator analysis distinguishing between obesity treatment and obesity prevention studies showed that obesity treatment interventions (SMD: -0.048, 95%CI: -0.60, -0.36) were significantly more effective in reducing body mass index than obesity prevention interventions (SMD: -0.08, 95%CI: -0.11, -0.06). Overall, the results of this meta-synthesis suggest that interventions result in statistically significant effects albeit of relatively little clinical relevance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interventions aimed at preventing and reducing overweight/obesity among children and adolescents: a meta‐synthesis

et al. 2018

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“…Its frequency is increasing rapidly amongst adults, children, and adolescents all over the world (3,4). It has been reported that in developed countries, as many as 33% of adults and 20-27% children and adolescents are obese (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Active Video-Accompanied Exercises in Improvement of the Obese State in Children: A Prospective Study from Turkey

Duman¹,

Kokaçya

Doğru³

et al. 2016

Jcrpe

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Objective:The aim of this study was to determine the effects of active video games and music-accompanied aerobic and callisthenic exercises on body mass index (BMI), body fat ratio, physical performance tests, psychosocial status, and self-respect in overweight and obese adolescents.Methods:Fifty (21 males and 29 females) slightly overweight and obese participants with no chronic disorder and of an average age of 12.16±0.99 years were included in the study. The percentile values for BMI, triceps skinfold thickness, waist circumference measurements, and physical performance tests were evaluated. The effects of obesity on psychological wellness were evaluated using the depression scale for children (DSC) and the Piers-Harris Children’s Self-Concept Scale for self-esteem. Following these evaluations, the participants were subjected to an exercise program in five groups of 10 people, 3 days a week for a duration of 8 weeks. Each exercise session lasted 45 minutes. Participants were re-evaluated at the end of the exercise program. The data collected both before and after the exercise program were analyzed using the SPSS 18.0 program.Results:According to BMI reference values, 28% of the 50 participants (n=14; 6 males and 8 females) were assessed to be overweight and 72% to be obese (n=36; 15 males and 21 females). Following the exercise program, 14% of the participants (n=7; 3 males and 4 females) were assessed as normal, 46% (n=23; 14 males and 9 female) as slightly overweight, and 40% (n=20; 4 male and 16 female) as obese. It was determined that the decrease in BMI values (p<0.05) was higher in male participants than in female participants and that the frequency of obesity was higher in the females. A statistically significant decrease in BMI values was found after the exercise program (p<0.01). Following the exercise program, statistically significant differences have also been observed in the self-esteem (p<0.01), psychological wellness (p=0.025), triceps skinfold thickness, as well as in waist circumference and BMI values of the participants compared to the pre-exercise phase (p<0.01).Conclusion:An exercise program applied with active video games was found to have positive effects on the obese state as well as on the psychosocial status and self-esteem of obese individuals, indicating that exercise and physical activity have an important role in improvement of the obese state in childhood as well as having positive contributions to self-esteem and psychological wellness state.

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“…All this considered, meta-analyses indicate that multi-tiered approaches to combat childhood obesity which include influencing policy and the family in parallel with education are what is required (Ling et al 2017;Ozbas and Kilinc 2015;van Hoek et al 2014;Williams et al 2013). Educating the families of overweight children is especially important since many of their food choices would mirror those of parents, although children themselves do exert some control about the quantity of food they eat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preschoolers’ Concepts of Digestive Physiology and Their Links with Body Mass Index

2019

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In this exploratory study, a sample of 20 four-year-olds took part in structured interviews in order to assess their biological knowledge of how the human body processes a food that they perceived to be fattening. There were two main outcomes to the study. First, the sample demonstrated knowledge of the digestive processes of ingestion, digestion/distribution and terminal digestive events that was broadly analogous to previous studies, and included a number of misconceptions. A minority of children could apply biological reasoning to make holistic sense of a series of linked, abstract physiological events. Data also revealed that young learners' models of distribution of food away from the gut might be more sophisticated than previously reported, although none of the sample could provide any mechanism for distribution. Second, data were analysed quantitatively to give performance scores which were compared with children's standardised body mass indices. Children of healthy weight displayed more accurate scientific knowledge of digestive processes than their overweight peers at statistically significant levels. Specifically, the healthy weight children had attained a more holistic understanding of these processes. This potentially has consequences for early years biology education since findings indicate, at a tentative level, that young, overweight children could be considered as having a distinctive special educational need. We propose that there may be a possible way forward for addressing the issues of overweight and obesity in young children by improving their understanding of digestive processes. These outcomes are aligned with calls in the literature for school science education to become more focused on aspects of scientific literacy such as health education. Further studies are recommended using larger samples from more diverse populations.

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Effective Interventions in Overweight or Obese Young Children: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract: Although the subgroup multicomponent treatment programs of moderate to high intensity contained only two studies, these treatment programs appeared to be most effective in treating overweight young children.

Cited by 40 publications

References 57 publications

Interventions aimed at preventing and reducing overweight/obesity among children and adolescents: a meta‐synthesis

Interventions aimed at preventing and reducing overweight/obesity among children and adolescents: a meta‐synthesis

The Role of Active Video-Accompanied Exercises in Improvement of the Obese State in Children: A Prospective Study from Turkey

Preschoolers’ Concepts of Digestive Physiology and Their Links with Body Mass Index

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