The Role of Active Video-Accompanied Exercises in Improvement of the Obese State in Children: A Prospective Study from Turkey

Abstract

Objective:The aim of this study was to determine the effects of active video games and music-accompanied aerobic and callisthenic exercises on body mass index (BMI), body fat ratio, physical performance tests, psychosocial status, and self-respect in overweight and obese adolescents.Methods:Fifty (21 males and 29 females) slightly overweight and obese participants with no chronic disorder and of an average age of 12.16±0.99 years were included in the study. The percentile values for BMI, triceps skinfold thickness, waist circumference measurements, and physical performance tests were evaluated. The effects of obesity on psychological wellness were evaluated using the depression scale for children (DSC) and the Piers-Harris Children’s Self-Concept Scale for self-esteem. Following these evaluations, the participants were subjected to an exercise program in five groups of 10 people, 3 days a week for a duration of 8 weeks. Each exercise session lasted 45 minutes. Participants were re-evaluated at the end of the exercise program. The data collected both before and after the exercise program were analyzed using the SPSS 18.0 program.Results:According to BMI reference values, 28% of the 50 participants (n=14; 6 males and 8 females) were assessed to be overweight and 72% to be obese (n=36; 15 males and 21 females). Following the exercise program, 14% of the participants (n=7; 3 males and 4 females) were assessed as normal, 46% (n=23; 14 males and 9 female) as slightly overweight, and 40% (n=20; 4 male and 16 female) as obese. It was determined that the decrease in BMI values (p<0.05) was higher in male participants than in female participants and that the frequency of obesity was higher in the females. A statistically significant decrease in BMI values was found after the exercise program (p<0.01). Following the exercise program, statistically significant differences have also been observed in the self-esteem (p<0.01), psychological wellness (p=0.025), triceps skinfold thickness, as well as in waist circumference and BMI values of the participants compared to the pre-exercise phase (p<0.01).Conclusion:An exercise program applied with active video games was found to have positive effects on the obese state as well as on the psychosocial status and self-esteem of obese individuals, indicating that exercise and physical activity have an important role in improvement of the obese state in childhood as well as having positive contributions to self-esteem and psychological wellness state.

The Psychological Effects of Exergames for Children and Adolescents with Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…The Childhood Depression Inventory was used in two studies. 26,44 Interventions. Regarding the characteristics of the interventions, we observed differences between the studies (Table 2).…”

“…Three studies compared exergames with control groups 27,42,43 and six studies compared the preintervention moment with the postintervention moment. 26,27,[42][43][44][45] The intervention period varied from studies that used 1 16,46 to 100 sessions. 42,47 Thus, the protocol was categorized into short (interventions with up to 10 sessions) and long (interventions with 24 sessions or more).…”

“…20 It was observed that the Nintendo Wii Ò was used in five studies. 16,42,44,45,47 In one study, the interventions took place with eight different consoles: DDR, Exerbike XG, Nintendo Wii, Makoto Interactive Arena, Lightspace Play Floor, Cybex Bring, Treadwall, and Xavix System. 26 Only one study did not report the console model.…”

“…46 Effect size. The ES of the studies ranged from -0.37 (95% CI = -1.04 to 0.29) in the game style comparison with the self-efficacy outcome 44 to 5.29 (95% CI = 3.68 to 6.91) in the game style comparison with the self-esteem outcome. 40 With regard to the magnitude of the ESs (Fig.…”

Effect of practice exergames on the mood states and self-esteem of elementary school boys and girls during physical education classes: A cluster-randomized controlled natural experiment

“…Specifically, on effects on mental health, other studies have shown improvement in body image [29], psychological wellbeing [30][31][32], and self-efficacy [18]. The implications related to psychological health also indicate improvements in self-esteem [33,34] and mood states [16].…”