Effective gamma irradiation dose on viscosity and molecular weight reduction of chitosan

Marianti, Aditya; Anggraito, Yustinus Ulung; Christijanti, Wulan

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1567/4/042096

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…γ-irradiated microparticles exhibited a slightly higher drug release rate and low swelling capacity than the non-irradiated microparticles. By spectral characterization, it was shown that γ-irradiation of chitosan microparticles induced neither crosslinking nor formation of new groups in the chitosan matrix; the gamma rays induced only one kind of free radical in the chitosan matrix or reduction in average molecular weight [ 20 , 54 , 55 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Gamma Irradiation on the PLA-Based Blends and Biocomposites Containing Rosemary Ethanolic Extract and Chitosan

Vasile¹,

Pamfil²,

Zaharescu

et al. 2022

Polymers

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The irradiation of polymeric materials with ionizing radiation (γ-rays, X-rays, accelerated electrons, ion beams, etc.) may lead to disproportion, hydrogen abstraction, arrangements, degradation, and/or the formation of new bonds. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effect of gamma irradiation on some new poly(lactic acid) (PLA)-based blends and biocomposites, which is crucial when they are used for food packaging or medical purposes. The polymeric blends and biocomposites based on PLA and rosemary ethanolic extract (R) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) (20 wt%) plasticized PLA, chitosan (CS) (3–6 wt%) and R (0.5 wt%) biocomposites were subjected to gamma irradiation treatment using three low γ-doses of 10, 20, and 30 kGy. The effect of irradiation was evaluated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry (TG), chemiluminescence method (CL), migration studies, and antibacterial activity tests. It was found that in comparison with neat PLA, the gamma irradiation in the oxidative conditions of the PLA-based blends and biocomposites, causes modifications in the structure, morphology, and thermal properties of the materials depending on irradiation dose and the presence of natural additives such as rosemary and chitosan. It was established that under a gamma-irradiation treatment with dose of 10–20 kGy, the PLA materials showed minor changes in structure and properties being suitable for application in packaging and in addition after irradiation with such doses their antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella typhimurium is improved.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Gamma Irradiation on the PLA-Based Blends and Biocomposites Containing Rosemary Ethanolic Extract and Chitosan

Vasile¹,

Pamfil²,

Zaharescu

et al. 2022

Polymers

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“…This research used pharmaceutical-grade Chitosan powder (CV Chimultiguna), made from the chitin of Crustacean shells, sized 80-100 Mesh, viscosity of 20-100 mPa s, with minimum degree of deacetylation at 94%. Chitosan was irradiated with Gamma Cobalt-60 ray from Gamma Chamber 400 A at the dosage of 150 kGy (Marianti et al, 2020). The irradiation process was performed in Center for Isotopes and Radiation Application (CIRA) BATAN Jakarta, Indonesia.…”

Section: Chitosan Irradiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Irradiation is one of the effective methods to decrease chitosan size. A dosage of 150 kGy of cobalt-60 irradiation significantly reduces the molecular weight and viscosity of chitosan (Marianti, Anggraito, & Christijanti, 2020). This condition is mainly caused by the scission of glycosidic bond on deacetylation degree (72e75%) (Garcia et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant activity of gamma cobalt-60 irradiated chitosan and vitamin E combination to lead acetate-induced rats

Marianti

Anggraito

Christijanti

2022

Acta Sci. Biol. Sci.

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The potential of chitosan as a blood lead chelator and an antioxidant had been proven, yet its ability was still not optimal. Chitosan had a relatively large molecular size, which reduced the effectivity of its distribution towards the tissues. Gamma Co-60 irradiation technique was presumably applicable to solve the issue. The antioxidant activity of chitosan could also be optimized by the addition of vitamin E. This study aimed to analyze the antioxidant activity of the combination of Gamma Co-60 irradiated chitosan and vitamin E in lead acetate-induced rats. Twenty-four rats, which were distributed in six groups, were treated using the combination of gamma Co-60 irradiated chitosan at a dose of 150 kGy and vitamin E 1000 IU. All groups, except for the naïve group, were induced with lead acetate. The positive control group was induced with only lead acetate, while treatment group 1 had an additional treatment of irradiated chitosan. The treatment groups 2-4 were treated using the combination of irradiated chitosan and vitamin E in increasing doses respectively for forty days. Blood serum was collected for measurement of Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and Malondialdehyde (MDA). The results showed that the provided treatment increased the enzymatic activity of SOD, CAT, and GPx, and reduced the MDA level in lead acetate-induced rats. However, as the vitamin E dosage was increased, it posed several side effects. It was concluded that the combination Gamma Co-60 irradiated chitosan and vitamin E increased the activity of various endogenous antioxidant enzymes and decreased lipid peroxidation, dependent on the amount of vitamin E.

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“…With gamma irradiation, the viscosity and molecular weight of chitosan decrease in a dose-dependent manner [ 13 ]. This decrease is due to the depolymerization of chitosan chain through scission mechanism [ 14 ]. However, the characteristics of irradiated chitosan need to be evaluated to determine its effectiveness as a ruminant feed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of irradiated chitosan as a matrix for slow-release urea and in vitro fermentation characteristics of slow-release urea supplementation in ruminant rations

Sasongko,

Wahyono,

Astuti

et al. 2024

Vet World

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Background and Aim: Irradiated chitosan can be used as a matrix for slow-release urea (SRU) production. This study aimed to (1) determine the optimal formulation of irradiated chitosan matrix for controlling nitrogen release and (2) evaluate the characteristics of SRU in vitro fermentation based on irradiated chitosan as a feed supplement. Materials and Methods: In the first phase of the investigation, four chitosan-based SRU formulations with varying amounts of acrylamide (3 and 5 g) and gamma irradiation (5 and 10 kGy) were evaluated. Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform mid-infrared spectroscopy, and ammonia release characteristics were used to observe morphological, functional group, and ammonia release characteristics. In the second phase of research, the most effective SRU formulation was utilized as a supplement to ruminant rations based on rice straw, sorghum straw, and alfalfa. Gas production, rumen fermentation characteristics, and methane gas production were observed in vitro. Results: On the basis of surface image analysis, the four SRU formulas generate a similar appearance. Compared with untreated urea, the SRU3 formula reduced the percentage of ammonia emission by 12.85%–27.64% after 24 h of incubation (p = 0.05), as determined by the first phase study. SRU3 became the basis for the second testing phase. The addition of SRU3 did not affect the optimal gas production in vitro. SRU3 treatment produced less gas than Optigen® treatment (p = 0.05). With regard to rumen fermentation and digestibility, Optigen® yielded better results than SRU3 (p = 0.05). However, the treatment with SRU3 resulted in reduced methane production compared to that in the control (p = 0.05). Conclusion: Irradiated chitosan as an SRU matrix may control the release of ammonia in the rumen medium. The SRU3 formulation is the most effective. The addition of SRU to rice straw-based rations reduces methane production without affecting in vitro digestibility. Keywords: fermentation characteristics, irradiated chitosan, ruminant, slow-release urea.

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Effective gamma irradiation dose on viscosity and molecular weight reduction of chitosan

Cited by 4 publications

References 13 publications

Effect of Gamma Irradiation on the PLA-Based Blends and Biocomposites Containing Rosemary Ethanolic Extract and Chitosan

Effect of Gamma Irradiation on the PLA-Based Blends and Biocomposites Containing Rosemary Ethanolic Extract and Chitosan

Antioxidant activity of gamma cobalt-60 irradiated chitosan and vitamin E combination to lead acetate-induced rats

Use of irradiated chitosan as a matrix for slow-release urea and in vitro fermentation characteristics of slow-release urea supplementation in ruminant rations

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