Effective degradation of nitrotoluenes in wastewater by heterogeneous catalytic ozonation in the presence of calcium oxide

Efficient Microtubule Reactors for Mineralization of Phenol by Catalytic Ozonation Based on Macrokinetics

“…O 3 and the solution entered the reactor at the same time, so the dissolved O 3 in the inlet liquid was 0.00 mg/L. In the O 3 /CaO/phenol solution system, it can be obtained that the utilization efficiency of O 3 is about 84%, which was much higher than the reported processes. ,− In the O 3 /phenol solution and the O 3 /deionized water systems, the utilization efficiency of O 3 was about 27% and 11%, respectively. In the O 3 /CaO/phenol solution system, the utilization efficiency of the O 3 in BSTR was only 27.4%.…”

“…Catalysts used for catalytic ozonation include transition-metal oxides, such as MnO x , 32 Fe 3 O 4 , 33 CuO, 34 CeO 2 , 35 activated carbon, 36 and alkaline-earth-metal oxide, such as MgO 37 and CaO. 1 Our previous work 38 shows that the calcium-based catalyst can degrade wastewater and CaO exhibits a high catalytic performance. Thus, CaO was selected as the catalyst for the treatment of phenol wastewater in this work.…”

“…The proper catalysts can lead to ozonation to produce hydroxyl radicals. Catalysts used for catalytic ozonation include transition-metal oxides, such as MnO x , Fe 3 O 4 , CuO, CeO 2 , activated carbon, and alkaline-earth-metal oxide, such as MgO and CaO . Our previous work shows that the calcium-based catalyst can degrade wastewater and CaO exhibits a high catalytic performance.…”

“…Catalytic ozonation is an efficient method for the deep treatment of organic wastewater and improving the biodegradability of organic wastewater. − However, in the process of ozonation, due to the low solubility of ozone in aqueous solution, the available O 3 is very low, accounting for only 20% of the total O 3 , and the remaining O 3 is emitted directly in the form of gas . Therefore, improving the utilization efficiency of O 3 is the key to ameliorating the economic benefit of this process. , The ozonation efficiency mainly depends on two aspects: interphase mass transfer and reaction kinetics .…”