Effective Deagglomeration in Biosynthesized Nanoparticles: A Mini Review

Abstract

Materials with nanoscale particle size have different properties from its bulk phase, which allows for wider application of the material. There are various methods to synthesize nanoparticles, namely physical, chemical, and biological method. Nowadays, nanoparticle synthesis method is focused on biological method because of its advantages, such as environmentally friendly, relatively simple procedures, and lower production costs. Biosynthesis by co-precipitation method using extracts from biological agents is considered the most efficient among other biological methods. Biochemical compound in the extract have a dual role in synthesis, they act as a reducing agent which reduces metal salt to metal ion, and as a capping agent which stabilizes the nanoparticle. Biosynthesis has been shown to result in nanoparticles as good as physical and chemical method. However, several studies report that the synthesized nanoparticles have low stability regardless of the presence of their capping agent, resulting in agglomeration of nanoparticles, which reduces its efficiency. Until now, studies on particle deagglomeration especially during nanoparticle biosynthesis have not been widely carried out. This mini review will explain the phenomenon of agglomeration during biosynthesis. Moreover, deagglomeration treatment using physical and chemical approaches will be examined. Each approach is considered to be able to deagglomerate nanoparticles well, and the combination of the two is projected to be able to provide better results.

Electrophoretically Deposited Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles Anchored in Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite Based Electrochemical Sensor for Detection of Bisphenol A

“…Further, sphericalshaped and small Nps are more prone to agglomeration as strong forces of attraction between the particles are easily formed. 60 Further, AgNps are anchored to the RGO surface by electrostatic or weak van der Waals forces of attraction, confirming the successful synthesis of AgNps-RGO composite.…”

In situ hierarchical self-assembly of NiFeHCF nanoparticles on nickel foam: highly active and ultra-stable bifunctional electrocatalysts for water splitting and their environmental assessment towards green energy

“…The SEM images clearly show the morphological improvement of the in situ self-assembly method over the co-precipitation method. [31][32][33][34][35] EDX elemental mapping confirmed the homogeneous distribution of component elements and the presence of constituent elements (Fig. S4 †).…”

Stability and dispersion mechanism of Copper powders

“…With a further increase in PVP concentration, the intensity of XRD increased, in addition to adsorption on the surface of particles [24]. There are redundant PVP molecules that are connected to form a bridge, resulting in flocculation [25]. The stability of the Cu suspension and the results of the study on the dispersion of Cu powders show thatthe mechanism of PVP on Cu powders dispersion is steric hindrance effect.…”