Effective Control of Laser‐Induced Carbonization Using Low‐Density Polyethylene/Polystyrene Multilayered Structure via Nanolayer Coextrusion

Cheng, Jiping; You, Xinghua; Cao, Zheng; Wu, Dun; Liu, Chunlin; Pu, Hongting

doi:10.1002/mame.201800726

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…Laser marking is characterized by noncontact processing. The laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm is a more commonly used laser in the industry and is suitable for materials such as metal, ceramics, wood, and plastic. − Compared with the easy carbonization and high char residue features of polycarbonate and polystyrene, it is rather difficult to perform laser marking with PP itself due to the poor absorption of the near-infrared laser energy of the 1064 nm wavelength. Usually, the method of adding laser marking additives can effectively improve the laser marking performance of PP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Laser Marking Properties of Poly(propylene)/Molybdenum Sulfide Composite Materials

Cao

Gao

et al. 2021

ACS Omega

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In this study, using molybdenum sulfide (MoS 2 ) as laser-sensitive particles and poly(propylene) (PP) as the matrix resin, laser-markable PP/MoS 2 composite materials with different MoS 2 contents ranging from 0.005 to 0.2% were prepared by melt-blending. A comprehensive analysis of the laser marking performance of PP/MoS 2 composites was carried out by controlling the content of laser additives, laser current intensity, and the scanning speed of laser marking. The color difference test shows that the best laser marking performance of the composite can be obtained at the MoS 2 content of 0.02 wt %. The surface morphology of the PP/MoS 2 composite material was observed after laser marking using a metallographic microscope, an optical microscope, and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). During the laser marking process, the laser energy was absorbed and converted into heat energy to cause high-temperature melting, pyrolysis, and carbonization of PP on the surface of the PP/MoS 2 composite material. The black marking from carbonized materials was formed in contrast to the white matrix. Using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy, the composite materials before and after laser marking were tested and characterized. The PP/MoS 2 composite material was pyrolyzed to form amorphous carbonized materials. The effect of the laser-sensitive MoS 2 additive on the mechanical properties of composite materials was investigated. The results show that the PP/MoS 2 composite has the best laser marking property when the MoS 2 loading content is 0.02 wt %, the laser marking current intensity is 11 A, and the laser marking speed is 800 mm/s, leading to a clear and high-contrast marking pattern.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Laser Marking Properties of Poly(propylene)/Molybdenum Sulfide Composite Materials

Cao

Gao

et al. 2021

ACS Omega

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“…Due to the variety of properties of plastics, marking them is in many cases difficult or completely impossible. Easy carbonization and high carbon content make materials such as polycarbonate [35] and polystyrene [36] highly susceptible to marking with the use of radiation at the wave length λ = 1064 nm. Because of low light absorption at the same wavelength, marking elements made of polyethylene [37] and polypropylene [38] requires the use of laser marking additives (LMAs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of Laser Marking Ability and Properties of Polypropylene Using Silica Waste as a Filler

2021

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Polypropylene (PP) belongs to the group of polymers characterized by low susceptibility to absorption of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared range (λ = 1064 nm). This research consisted of assessing the possibility of using silica waste from the metallurgic industry as an additive for PP laser marking. The modifier was introduced into the polymer matrix in the range from 1 to 10 wt%. The effects of laser radiation were assessed based on colorimetric tests and microscopic surface analysis. The mechanical properties of the composites were determined during the static tensile tests. The thermal properties were investigated via differential scanning calorimetry. It was found that the introduction of silica waste into polypropylene allows for the effective marking of sample surfaces with the use of a laser beam. The greatest contrast between the graphic symbol and the background was obtained for silica contents of 3 and 5 wt%, with the use of a low-speed laser head and a strong concentration of the laser beam. The application of silica caused an increase in the modulus of elasticity and the tensile strength of the composite samples. Increases in the crystallization temperature and the degree of crystallinity of the polymer matrix were also observed. It was found that silica waste can act as multifunctional additive for polypropylene.

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“…Research and development of simple, convenient, low-cost, and environmentally friendly ABS laser marking materials for its application is very important. From many studies, − it is observed that polypropylene (PP)-, polyethylene (PE)-, and polyacrylamide (PAM)-based hydrogel materials are insensitive to the near-infrared laser with 1064 nm wavelength, difficult to absorb laser energy, and cannot produce high definition and contrast laser marking text and patterns. In order to solve the problem of poor absorption of the near-infrared laser by such materials, laser-sensitive inorganic particles, such as graphene, multilayer graphene, tin dioxide, antimony (III) oxide, bismuth oxide, , magnetic particles, carbon nanotubes, etc., are introduced into the polymer materials and can effectively absorb near-infrared laser energy and convert it into heat, resulting in polymer carbonization or formation of foam, which contributes to the black or light markings on the material surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Laser-Marking and Mechanical Properties of Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene Copolymer Composites with Organically Modified Montmorillonite

Zhang

et al. 2020

ACS Omega

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In this study, organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT) was prepared by modifying MMT with a cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The obtained OMMT of different loading contents (1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 wt %) was melt-blended with poly(acrylonitrile- co -butadiene- co -styrene) (ABS) to prepare a series of ABS/OMMT composites, which were laser marked using a neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser beam of 1064 nm under different laser current processes. X-ray diffraction (XRD), color difference spectrometer, optical microscope, water contact angle tests, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Raman spectroscopy were carried out to characterize the morphology, structure, and properties of the laser-patterned ABS composites. The effects of the addition of OMMT and the laser marking process on the mechanical properties of ABS/OMMT composites were investigated through mechanical property tests. The results show that the obtained ABS/OMMT composites have enhanced laser marking performance, compared to the ABS. When the OMMT content is 2 wt % and the laser current intensity is 9 A, the marking on ABS composites has the highest contrast (Δ E = 36.38) and sharpness, and the quick response (QR) code fabricated can be scanned and identified with a mobile app. SEM and water contact angle tests showed that the holes, narrow cracks, and irregular protrusion are formed on the composite surface after laser marking, resulting in a more hydrophobic surface and an increased water contact angle. Raman spectroscopy and XRD indicate that OMMT can absorb the near-infrared laser energy, undergo photo thermal conversion, and cause the pyrolysis and carbonization of ABS to form black marking, and the crystal structure itself does not change significantly. When the 2 wt % of OMMT is loaded, the tensile strength, elongation at break, and impact strength of ABS/OMMT are increased by 15, 20, and 14%, respectively, compared to ABS. Compared with the unmarked ABS/OMMT, the defects including holes and cracks generated on the surface of the marked one lead to the decreased mechanical property. The desirable combination of high contrast laser marking performance and mechanical properties can be achieved at an OMMT loading content of 2 wt % and a laser current intensity of 9 A. This research work provides a simple, economical, and environmentally friendly method for laser marking of engineering materials such as ABS.

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Effective Control of Laser‐Induced Carbonization Using Low‐Density Polyethylene/Polystyrene Multilayered Structure via Nanolayer Coextrusion

Cited by 13 publications

References 36 publications

Preparation and Laser Marking Properties of Poly(propylene)/Molybdenum Sulfide Composite Materials

Preparation and Laser Marking Properties of Poly(propylene)/Molybdenum Sulfide Composite Materials

Modification of Laser Marking Ability and Properties of Polypropylene Using Silica Waste as a Filler

Surface Laser-Marking and Mechanical Properties of Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene Copolymer Composites with Organically Modified Montmorillonite

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