Abstract:Fraser, M. D., Davies, D. A., Wright, I. A., Vale, J. E., Nute, G. R., Hallett, K. G., Richardson, R. I. (2007). Effect on upland beef production of incorporating winter feeding of red clover or summer grazing of Molinia-dominated semi-natural pastures. Grass and Forage Science, 62 (3), 284-300 Sponsorship: UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, the Scottish Executive Environment and Rural Affairs Department and the Meat and Livestock Commission.Management systems for finishing beef cattle, des… Show more
“…Livestock production systems in these countries rely heavily on C 3 temperate grasslands (Evans & Gaskell, 2003;Fraser, 2007). The same is also true for the other European countries (Conner, Hamilton, Sheeby, Stuth, & Kreuter, 1998) considered in this study (Fig.…”
Section: How Does the Global Distribution Of C 3 And C 4 Plants Impacmentioning
“…Livestock production systems in these countries rely heavily on C 3 temperate grasslands (Evans & Gaskell, 2003;Fraser, 2007). The same is also true for the other European countries (Conner, Hamilton, Sheeby, Stuth, & Kreuter, 1998) considered in this study (Fig.…”
Section: How Does the Global Distribution Of C 3 And C 4 Plants Impacmentioning
“…There is increasing interest in cattle production from botanically diverse pastures but there is a paucity of information on the fatty acid composition of beef produced from such pastures. Fraser et al (2007) reported that inclusion of a period of grazing a Molinia caerulea (purple moor grass) dominated semi-natural pasture increased the proportion of n − 3 PUFA in muscle lipids. A review by Moloney et al (2008) considered studies that compared grazing of a ryegrass pasture with unimproved saltmarsh pasture (Whittington, Dunn, Nute, Richardson, & Wood, 2006), grazing of Table 1 Effect of forage type, oil supplementation and ruminally protected lipid supplements on the total fatty acids (mg/100 g muscle) and the fatty acid composition of beef muscle (g/kg fatty acids).…”
Section: Forages and The Fatty Acid Composition Of Beefmentioning
This paper focuses on dietary approaches to control intramuscular fat deposition to increase beneficial omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and conjugated linoleic acid content and reduce saturated fatty acids in beef. Beef lipid trans-fatty acids are considered, along with relationships between lipids in beef and colour shelf-life and sensory attributes. Ruminal lipolysis and biohydrogenation limit the ability to improve beef lipids. Feeding omega-3 rich forage increases linolenic acid and long-chain PUFA in beef lipids, an effect increased by ruminally-protecting lipids, but consequently may alter flavour characteristics and shelf-life. Antioxidants, particularly ?-tocopherol, stabilise high concentrations of muscle PUFA. Currently, the concentration of long-chain omega-3 PUFA in beef from cattle fed non-ruminally-protected lipids falls below the limit considered by some authorities to be labelled a source of omega-3 PUFA. The mechanisms regulating fatty acid isomer distribution in bovine tissues remain unclear. Further enhancement of beef lipids requires greater understanding of ruminal biohydrogenation.Peer reviewe
“…Incorporating red clover silage into the winter diet of an upland beef system increased live-weight gain relative to animals offered low feed value grass silage (DOMD 586 g kg -1 ) (Fraser et al 2007). In the same study, meat from the steers fed on red clover silage over winter had a higher lipid oxidation than steers grazing permanent pasture supplemented with grass silage (previously ensiled from that pasture) probably related to the vitamin E content of the loin muscle, however there were no differences between treatments in the sensory properties (texture, juiciness or flavor) of the beef.…”
This paper reviews the production of, and factors affecting the performance of dairy cows, beef cattle and sheep offered silage based diets in Ireland and UK. Digestibility is the most important factor influencing the feed value of grass silage and consequently animal performance. Each 10 g kg-1 increase in digestive organic matter in the dry matter (DOMD) increases milk yield of dairy cows by 0.33 kg d-1, carcass gain of beef cattle by 23.8 g d-1 , carcass gain of finishing lambs by 9.3 g d-1, lamb birth weight by 52.3 g and ewe weight post lambing by 1.3 kg, respectively. Factors influencing feed value of grass silage are discussed including harvest date, wilting, fertilizer management, chop length and use of additives at ensiling. Maize silage increases the performance of cattle and sheep whilst whole crop wheat silage has no beneficial effect. Advances in silage technology, has enabled the ensiling high protein forages, such as red clover, lucerne and kale.
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